基于ZnO/NiO纳米异质结构紫外探测器的低温水溶液生长

利用低温水溶液方法制备了ZnO/NiO纳米异质结构,该异质结构主要由ZnO纳米阵列及NiO纳米片状结构层组成,ZnO和NiO纳米材料均由低温水溶液方法生长。同时基于ZnO/NiO纳米异质结构构建了简单的紫外探测器件。研究结果表明,基于上述结构的紫外探测器件具有非常好的紫外响应特性。该方法工艺流程简单、重复性好,具有广阔的应用前景。     

PVA/NiO复合纳米纤维的制备及光催化性能

采用静电纺丝法,以聚乙烯醇(PVA)和硝酸镍(Ni(NO3)2)为前驱物,制得PVA/Ni(NO3)2纤维;再以尿素(CO(NH)2)为碱源,通过水热合成法制备了PVA/NiO复合纳米纤维.利用X射线衍射(XRD)、红外光谱(FT-IR)、扫描电镜(SEM)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)等分析测试手段对样品的形貌和结构进行了表征,以罗丹明B为目标降解物,考察了PVA/NiO复合纳米纤维的光催化活性.结果表明:NiO纳米粒子均匀地负载于PVA纳米纤维上,形成了具有良好光催化活性的PVA/NiO复合纳米纤维光催化材料.     

Eu-Ru共掺NiO-SnO2复合纳米粒子薄膜的阻变特性

通过低温水浴法制备了Eu-Ru共掺杂NiO-SnO2复合纳米粒子，透射电镜图像显示纳米粒子粒径均匀，选区电子衍射表明结晶性差，所测晶面间距与SnO2和NiO相应卡片数据一致，水热机理分析表明纳米粒子由NiO-SnO2微观p-n结组成.原子力显微镜测试薄膜表面平均粗糙度约025nm，由于薄膜太薄及样品结晶性差，XRD分析未见明显衍射峰.电学测试表明纳米粒子薄膜具有可重复双极阻变特性，阈值电压约1V，开关比约500.薄膜高阻态电学输运符合缺陷俘获载流子所致空间电荷限制导电机制，低阻态呈欧姆特性，故阻变机理应为电荷俘获及再释.     

Low temperature synthesis of NiO/Co3O4 composite nanosheets as high performance Li-ion battery anode materials

NiO/Co3O4 composite nanosheets have been synthesized via a facile method at low temperature for the first time.The as prepared materials were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction(XRD) and transmission electron microscopy(TEM),and the performance of Li-ion batteries(LIBs) as anode materials were also studied.By controlling the atom ratio of Ni:Co,not only the size of the nanosheets can be controlled,the electrode’s conductivity and stability could also be greatly improved.The composite material showed a stable capacity retention during cycling(87% of the second capacity was retained after 15 cycles) even at a relatively large current rate(400 mA/g).The NiO/Co3O4 nanosheet might be promising candidate anode materials in high performance Li-ion batteries.     

Nano-HCO吸附剂的制备及其除As(Ⅲ)性能

采用溶胶沉淀结合超声分散处理的方法,制备平均粒径为70 nm,比表面积为212 m2.g-1的纳米级水合氧化铈(Nano-HCO)吸附剂.在pH值为4~10,初始As(Ⅲ)质量浓度为10 mg.L-1,吸附剂投加量为1.0 g.L-1的反应条件下,可在2 h内将溶液中As(Ⅲ)质量浓度降低到0.01 mg.L-1以下.Nano-HCO吸附剂对砷的吸附等温线服从Langmuir方程,对应不同pH值,其对As(Ⅲ)的吸附容量较未经超声分散处理的水合氧化铈提高29%~141%,且水温的升高有助于增加As(Ⅲ)的吸附程度.     

NiO/TiO2纳米纤维的制备、表征及光催化性能

采用静电纺丝和程序升温焙烧的方法制备了NiO/TiO₂纳米复合光催化剂. 利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、拉曼光谱(Raman)、紫外可见漫反射光谱(UV-vis DRS)等测试技术对样品的结构与性能进行了表征, 并研究了该催化剂在可见光下对有机染料罗丹明B催化降解反应的活性. 结果表明, 合成的NiO/TiO₂复合纳米材料尺寸均匀, 该催化剂相对于纯的TiO₂具有更强的紫外光吸收性能, 煅烧温度为600℃时, NiO/TiO₂的光催化活性最高. 而且, 该催化剂也可被循环使用, 这使得该复合光催化剂具有广阔的应用前景.     

纳米YAG粉体的制备与表征

以Y(NO3)3·6H2O、Al( NO3)3·9H2O、Nd(NO3)3·6H2O、NH4HCO3为原料,以乙醇为分散剂,采用共沉淀法制备Nd:YAG前躯体,将前躯体在不同温度下煅烧得到Nd:YAG粉体.分别采用红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、热重/差热分析仪(TG/DSC)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM...     

Recent progress in studies on the nano-sized particle layer in rock shear planes

Since the 1990s, an ultramicro-particle texture in nano- or micron-sized scale has been continually found in shear planes of various rocks, and recently further progress was obtained by studying the generic mechanisms on both physics and mechanics. In this article, the characteristics of the nano-sized particle layer in rock shear planes (including the widespread distribution, layering texture, non-linear genetic mechanism, and multiple functions) on an ultra micro-scale were briefly introduced and more information was proposed by analyzing examples from home and broad.We found that there is a paragenetic relationship between the development of shear frictional-viscous and the formation of nano-sized particles and that in the shear movement, partitioning, segregating, and layering in rocks are initiated by the sliding motion of the nano-sized particle layer. Moreover, the plastic rheology of rocks is essentially the movement of ultra micro-sized particle (nano-size and micro-size), and the nano-sized particle layer in rock shear planes are characterized by some particular physical and chemical effects.     

低温电解条件下铝电解用NiFe_2O_4-10NiO基金属陶瓷阳极Fe元素腐蚀行为研究

采用粉末冶金技术制备出铝电解用NiFe2O4-10NiO陶瓷基体和30(40Cu-Ni)/(NiFe2O4-10NiO)金属陶瓷阳极,并在低温电解条件下,对NiFe2O4陶瓷相中Fe元素的腐蚀行为进行研究。结果表明,在烧结过程中,NiFe2O4尖晶石陶瓷基体会在氮气中发生离解,在动态化学腐蚀试验和电解试验中,陶瓷相中的Fe元素更容易进入电解质;电解24h后,铝液中Fe、Ni、Cu的含量分别为0.45%、0.13%和0.03%。     

NiO nanosheet assembles for supercapacitor electrode materials

In this paper, large scale hierarchically assembled Ni O nanosheets have been favorably fabricated through a facile hydrothermal route. The as-prepared Ni O nanosheet assembles were characterized in detail by various analytical techniques. The results showed these nanosheets present the thickness of about 30 nm and the surface area is 116.9 m~2 g~(-1). These NiO nanosheet assembles were used as the working electrode materials in electrochemical tests, which demonstrated a specific capacitance value of 81.67 Fg ~(-1)at the current density of 0.5 Ag~(-1)and excellent long cycle-life stability with 78.5% of its discharge specific capacitance retention after 3000 cycles at the current density of 0.5 Ag~(-1), revealing the as-synthesized NiO nanosheet assembles might be a promising electrode material for supercapacitor applications.