Dielectric relaxation and conduction mechanism in Aurivillius ceramic Bi5Ti3FeO15

For this study, we synthesized Aurivillius Bi5Ti3FeO15 ceramic using the generic solid-state reaction route and then performed room-temperature X-ray diffraction to confirm that the compound had a single phase with no impurities. The surface morphology of the prepared sample was observed to contain microstructural grains approximately 0.2–2 μm in size. The dielectric properties of the sample were determ-ined as a function of frequency in a range of approximately 100 Hz to 1 MHz at various temperatures (303 K ≤ T ≤ 773 K). Nyquist plots of the impedance data were found to exhibit a semi-circular arc in the high-temperature region, which is explained by the equivalent electrical circuit (R1C1)(R2QC2), where R1 and R2 represent the resistances associated with the grains and grain boundaries, respectively, C1 and C2 are the re-spective capacitances, and Q is the constant phase element (CPE), which accounts for non-Debye type of behavior. Our results indicate that both the resistance and capacitance of the grain boundaries are more prominent than those of the grains. The alternating current (ac) conductiv-ity data were analyzed based on the Jonscher universal power law, which indicated that the conduction process is dominated by the hopping mechanism. The calculated activation energies of the relaxation and conduction processes were very similar (0.32 to 0.53 eV), from which we conclude that the same type of charge carriers are involved in both processes.     

高次模碳纤维微波加热装置的设计与实验

为了使T300碳纤维达到微波石墨化的反应温度,需要对其进行微波加热实验。设计了一种基于TM_(110)高次横磁波模式的碳纤维微波加热装置,该装置是一种圆柱形谐振腔,腔体两侧分别存在一个轴向电场最大值区域,理论上可以同时加热多束碳纤维。为了保证碳纤维的加热效率,在设计时需要同时兼顾腔体的谐振频率和阻抗匹配特性。使用仿真软件优化了耦合点的具体位置,并对优化后的圆柱形谐振腔进行了多物理场的耦合仿真。仿真结果表明:出口处碳纤维的表面温度最高,且靠近耦合点的左侧碳纤维温度高于右侧。实验结果与仿真结果较为吻合,验证了碳纤维微波加热的可行性和装置的有效性。     

Structure and corrosion resistance of Al–Cu–Fe alloys

The microstructure and electrochemical properties of Al–Cu–Fe alloys with the atomic compositions of Al_(65)Cu_(20)Fe_(15),Al_(78)Cu_7Fe_(15)and Al_(80)Cu_5Fe_(14)Si_1have been studied.The alloys were produced by induction melting of pure elements with copper mold casting.The microstructure of the alloys was analyzed by X-ray diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy.The formation of quasicrystalline phases in the Al–Cu–Fe alloys was confirmed.The presence of intermetallic phases was observed in the alloys after crystallization in a form of ingots and plates.The electrochemical measurements were conducted in 3.5%NaCl solution.The electronic structure of the alloys was determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.The post corrosion surface of the samples was checked using a scanning electron microscope equipped with the energydispersive X-ray detector.It was observed that the Al_(65)Cu_(20)Fe_(15)alloy had the highest corrosion resistance.The improved corrosion resistance parameters were noted for the plate samples rather than those in the as-cast state.And the hardness of the Al_(65)Cu_(20)Fe_(15)alloy was significantly higher than the other alloy samples.     

生石灰激发赤泥-粉煤灰协同水泥固化Cu2+污染高岭土的电化学特性

采用生石灰激发赤泥-粉煤灰-水泥对Cu2+污染高岭土进行固化处理,对采用不同配比的赤泥和粉煤灰固化7 d后的Cu2+污染高岭土试件的无侧限抗压强度、浸出率和电化学阻抗谱进行测试.试验结果表明,当赤泥和粉煤灰质量比为7:3时,固化体的无侧限抗压强度最大,Cu2+浸出率最小,电化学阻抗谱法对固化效果的评价与强度和浸出率测试结果一致,说明电化学阻抗谱法是一种评价污染土固化效果的有效方法.     

MPA包覆的银纳米粒子修饰电极制备和电化学表征

运用自组装和电化学组装法,将MPA包裹的银纳米粒子修饰到金电极表面,制备成银纳米粒子单层和多层膜修饰电极. 循环电压-电流和电化学阻抗谱测定结果表明:以MPA包覆的银纳米粒子修饰电极的氧化电位明显负移,显示出银纳米粒子具有更高的活性. 以0.5mmol/L的K3[Fe(CN)6]溶液为检测体系,电化学阻抗谱测试得出电极表面对探针分子的阻碍作用有所增加. 循环电压-电流结果表明:与单层膜修饰电极相比,多层膜修饰电极的峰电流显著增加.     

基于简化型Z源逆变器的优化调制策略研究

在对简化型Z源逆变器进行理论研究的基础上,参考传统单相SPWM调制策略,应用Z源逆变器简单升压控制原理,研究了优化型SPWM调制方法,并通过MATLAB仿真软件验证了优化型调制策略的有效性.     

反射损耗最大化的EMI滤波器端口阻抗失配网络设计

针对电磁干扰(EMI)滤波器在噪声源、负载阻抗失配情况下的工作性能受较大影响的问题,提出了一种带有阻抗失配网络的EMI滤波器设计方法,利用合适的阻抗网络来减弱或消除不利影响.通过选取合适的失配网络参数使得噪声源与滤波器的输入阻抗和负载阻抗与滤波器的输出阻抗均满足一定的比例关系,且利用不同阻抗比例关系产生不同的反射损耗这一特性对滤波器端口阻抗失配网络进行设计,使得滤波器在原有插入损耗的基础上增加其反射损耗,达到改善滤波器工作性能的目的.     

充氢的X80高强钢在不同土壤中的电化学行为研究

基于极化曲线法和电化学阻抗谱法(EIS)研究充氢的X80高强钢在格尔木、大港站、大庆站、拉萨站4种模拟土壤溶液中的电化学行为。结果表明:不同充氢时间下的X80高强钢在4种模拟土壤溶液中的极化曲线均只表现出活化溶解状态,而未出现活化-钝化转变区,在一种土壤溶液中,其自腐蚀电位随充氢时间的延长逐渐下降,腐蚀电流密度增大,充氢促进了高强钢的腐蚀;在同一充氢时间下电荷转移电阻Rct在4种模拟土壤溶液中从拉萨站、大庆站、大港站到格尔木站依次减小。这4个站点土壤溶液耐腐蚀性能依次增强,与极化曲线中的分析结果一致。     

NaCl溶液中20Cr9Ni5Co14不锈钢电化学腐蚀行为

采用电化学极化技术(动电位极化技术、线性极化技术和循环极化技术)和交流阻抗技术研究了不同条件下20Cr9Ni5Co14超高强度不锈钢的电化学腐蚀行为,并采用扫描电镜对极化后腐蚀形貌进行了表征.结果表明,20Cr9Ni5Co14钢在3.5%(质量分数)Na Cl溶液中出现钝化.随着Na Cl浓度的升高,钝化现象消失,而自腐蚀电流密度从8.223×10-7A/cm2减小至1.129×10-7A/cm2;随着p H值的降低,20Cr9Ni5Co14钢的致钝电位和过钝化电位增加.在p H值高于3时,腐蚀产物膜具有良好的耐腐蚀性能而导致反应步骤成为控制步骤.而当p H值降低到2时,腐蚀产物溶解速度很快,金属界面发生腐蚀速率很大,浓差极化成为了控制步骤.对腐蚀形貌研究表明,20Cr9Ni5Co14钢在极化过程中出现点腐蚀,导致了材料的耐腐蚀性能下降.     

基于模糊阻抗控制的上肢康复机器人中接触力规划器的设计

在对脑卒中患者的上肢运动功能康复训练中,如何对患者施加最适合的接触力,是设计康复机器人的重要指标要求. 针对现有康复机器人的力规划器中,产生出来的接触力存在突变,对患者进行训练的舒适性方面存在不足的问题,提出一种连续渐变的接触力规划器,采用模糊控制与阻抗控制相结合的方法改进接触力突变的状况. 经过仿真和实验验证,本文采用的方法可以产生渐变的接触力,对于患者训练的安全性和舒适性有明显提高.