Dielectric relaxation and conduction mechanism in Aurivillius ceramic Bi5Ti3FeO15

For this study, we synthesized Aurivillius Bi5Ti3FeO15 ceramic using the generic solid-state reaction route and then performed room-temperature X-ray diffraction to confirm that the compound had a single phase with no impurities. The surface morphology of the prepared sample was observed to contain microstructural grains approximately 0.2–2 μm in size. The dielectric properties of the sample were determ-ined as a function of frequency in a range of approximately 100 Hz to 1 MHz at various temperatures (303 K ≤ T ≤ 773 K). Nyquist plots of the impedance data were found to exhibit a semi-circular arc in the high-temperature region, which is explained by the equivalent electrical circuit (R1C1)(R2QC2), where R1 and R2 represent the resistances associated with the grains and grain boundaries, respectively, C1 and C2 are the re-spective capacitances, and Q is the constant phase element (CPE), which accounts for non-Debye type of behavior. Our results indicate that both the resistance and capacitance of the grain boundaries are more prominent than those of the grains. The alternating current (ac) conductiv-ity data were analyzed based on the Jonscher universal power law, which indicated that the conduction process is dominated by the hopping mechanism. The calculated activation energies of the relaxation and conduction processes were very similar (0.32 to 0.53 eV), from which we conclude that the same type of charge carriers are involved in both processes.     

2020年细胞力学热点回眸

 概述了2020年细胞力学研究的热点和进展，探讨了细胞膜表面张力、细胞粘附力、细胞弹性模量、细胞与纳米颗粒相对刚度等对细胞生物学行为的影响及其在疾病诊疗中的应用。     

波动方程在半无穷柱体和外部区域上的空间爆破和衰减性

利用能量分析的方法, 首先考虑定义在三维半无穷柱体上的波动方程, 当空间变量趋于无穷时, 证明其解或者指数式增长或者指数式衰减; 其次, 考虑定义在球面外部区域上的波动方程, 证明其解随半径的二择一结果； 最后, 证明对于非线性弹性方程, 二择性定理仍有效.     

多纤芯弹性光网络中虚拟网络映射模型及算法

为解决多纤芯弹性光网络虚拟化中的虚拟结点映射、链路映射和频谱分配问题,首先建立了一个以最小化占用的频谱数及最小化最大占用频隙号为目标的全局约束优化模型.其次,设计了具有高效的交叉、变异及不可行解可行化算子的全局优化遗传算法,以有效求解该模型得到最优的虚拟节点、链路映射方案.最后,为验证算法的有效性进行了不同的仿真实验.结果表明,所设计的算法能够有效地减小网络中占用的频谱数和最大占用频隙号.     

带裂纹功能梯度材料薄板SIFs分析的广义参数Williams单元

根据Williams级数位移场，仅考虑弹性模量E为坐标的函数，通过改变裂尖奇异区微单元刚度集成方式，推导建立了功能梯度材料薄板平面断裂分析的广义参数Williams单元新格式.结合含中心斜裂纹和边界裂纹的功能梯度材料薄板，分析了弹性模量E的分布形式、裂纹倾角及裂纹长度对裂尖应力强度因子的影响.算例结果表明:该方法能够直接且高效求解带裂纹功能梯度材料薄板的裂尖应力强度因子；当弹性模量E呈单调变化且其梯度与荷载方向平行或垂直时，分别会使中心斜裂纹两个裂尖的I型或II型应力强度因子值产生差异，而应力强度因子随裂纹倾斜角度的分布规律并不受弹性模量E的分布形式影响.     

高次模碳纤维微波加热装置的设计与实验

为了使T300碳纤维达到微波石墨化的反应温度,需要对其进行微波加热实验。设计了一种基于TM_(110)高次横磁波模式的碳纤维微波加热装置,该装置是一种圆柱形谐振腔,腔体两侧分别存在一个轴向电场最大值区域,理论上可以同时加热多束碳纤维。为了保证碳纤维的加热效率,在设计时需要同时兼顾腔体的谐振频率和阻抗匹配特性。使用仿真软件优化了耦合点的具体位置,并对优化后的圆柱形谐振腔进行了多物理场的耦合仿真。仿真结果表明:出口处碳纤维的表面温度最高,且靠近耦合点的左侧碳纤维温度高于右侧。实验结果与仿真结果较为吻合,验证了碳纤维微波加热的可行性和装置的有效性。     

一个典型弹性梁方程涉及第一特征值的正解

运用锥理论和不动点指数方法,在与相应的线性算子第一特征值有关的条件下,获得了一个典型弹性梁方程正解的存在性,改进了相关文献的结论.     

Short‐term salmon price forecasting

This study establishes a benchmark for short‐term salmon price forecasting. The weekly spot price of Norwegian farmed Atlantic salmon is predicted 1–5 weeks ahead using data from 2007 to 2014. Sixteen alternative forecasting methods are considered, ranging from classical time series models to customized machine learning techniques to salmon futures prices. The best predictions are delivered by k‐nearest neighbors method for 1 week ahead; vector error correction model estimated using elastic net regularization for 2 and 3 weeks ahead; and futures prices for 4 and 5 weeks ahead. While the nominal gains in forecast accuracy over a naïve benchmark are small, the economic value of the forecasts is considerable. Using a simple trading strategy for timing the sales based on price forecasts could increase the net profit of a salmon farmer by around 7%.     

Structure and corrosion resistance of Al–Cu–Fe alloys

The microstructure and electrochemical properties of Al–Cu–Fe alloys with the atomic compositions of Al_(65)Cu_(20)Fe_(15),Al_(78)Cu_7Fe_(15)and Al_(80)Cu_5Fe_(14)Si_1have been studied.The alloys were produced by induction melting of pure elements with copper mold casting.The microstructure of the alloys was analyzed by X-ray diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy.The formation of quasicrystalline phases in the Al–Cu–Fe alloys was confirmed.The presence of intermetallic phases was observed in the alloys after crystallization in a form of ingots and plates.The electrochemical measurements were conducted in 3.5%NaCl solution.The electronic structure of the alloys was determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.The post corrosion surface of the samples was checked using a scanning electron microscope equipped with the energydispersive X-ray detector.It was observed that the Al_(65)Cu_(20)Fe_(15)alloy had the highest corrosion resistance.The improved corrosion resistance parameters were noted for the plate samples rather than those in the as-cast state.And the hardness of the Al_(65)Cu_(20)Fe_(15)alloy was significantly higher than the other alloy samples.     

冻融循环作用下混杂纤维粉煤灰混凝土力学性能试验

为了研究混杂纤维和粉煤灰增强混凝土在冻融循环作用下的损伤程度，通过对基准混凝土、混杂纤维混凝土和混杂纤维粉煤灰混凝土试样在冻融循环条件下进行抗压强度试验及超声波检测试验，得到冻融破坏后混凝土的抗压强度和相对动弹性模量，分析抗压强度损伤量、相对动弹性模量损伤量和内部结构破坏机制，建立了基于相对动弹性模量的强度衰减方程。试验结果表明：基准混凝土、混杂纤维混凝土和混杂纤维粉煤灰混凝土的抗压强度和相对动弹性模量均随着冻融循环次数的增加而减小；经历60次冻融循环时，其抗压强度和相对动弹性模量都有不同程度的下降；混杂纤维粉煤灰混凝土抗压强度和动弹性模量的损伤量在粉煤灰掺量小于10%时整体小于基准混凝土，而在粉煤灰掺量为20%和30%时大于基准混凝土；通过对冻融循环作用下混凝土相对抗压强度与相对动弹性模量的关系拟合，得到相关系数良好的相对抗压强度与相对动弹性模量的指数函数关系表达式；分析了混凝土冻融损伤、纤维和粉煤灰增强混凝土抗冻融机理。掺入适量纤维和粉煤灰能增强混凝土的抗冻融破坏能力。