大入射余角CFAR检测器

雷达在大入射余角高分辨率海杂波背景下检测时,等效后向散射面积增大,大部分海杂波能量投射到少数距离单元,能量分布不均,出现功率突然增大的杂波“异常单元”,导致检测器参考窗口所处的背景环境复杂多变,传统检测器检测概率降低,虚警率及误检率增加。为解决此问题,通过参考滑窗单元的协方差矩阵构造正定矩阵,求解其矩阵范数用以估计杂波功率水平,并采用支持向量机改进传统恒虚警率(constant false alarm rate,CFAR)检测器,得到基于正定矩阵杂波功率估计训练支持向量机的改进CFAR检测器。实验结果表明,新检测器在均匀杂波、多目标环境下检测性能稳定,在杂波边缘的虚警控制能力良好。     

基于木质素和多巴胺改性的MWCNTs水相分散

为解决碳纳米管材料的团聚问题,对多壁碳纳米管(multi-walled carbon nanotubes,MWCNTs)进行多巴胺改性所形成的表面聚多巴胺层,增强了MWCNTs与木质素的结合力,从而最终实现以木质素为分散剂的水相MWCNTs稳定分散。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱和透射电镜对改性MWCNTs的表面化学结构和分散形态进行表征,应用紫外分光光度计定量评价pH值、木质素质量浓度及改性MWCNTs质量浓度对MWCNTs分散效果的影响。结果表明:经多巴胺改性的MWCNTs在木质素分散下可实现高达95.65%的分散度;中性、碱性条件有利于提高分散稳定性;木质素质量浓度为改性MWCNTs质量浓度的5倍时,MWCNTs分散效果最佳;木质素最多能均匀分散其2.5倍质量浓度的改性MWCNTs。     

基于RSM-GA法的薄壁蜡模压蜡过程收缩率建模与优化

基于响应面法(RSM),通过一系列的实验建立了薄壁蜡模壁厚方向的收缩率与压蜡参数之间的数学模型,并对模型的合理性与充分性进行了方差分析,对压蜡过程中工艺参数对尺寸收缩率的影响进行了敏感性分析.为了减小收缩率,基于遗传算法(GA)对工艺参数进行了全局优化.     

硬岩掘进机刀盘载荷与撑靴接触界面刚度的耦合关系

在复合地质条件掘进时刀盘载荷与撑靴接触界面的耦合关系严重影响硬岩掘进机(TBM)动态特性.基于并联机构理论研究TBM推进系统的力传递特性,建立刀盘、机械系统和撑靴接触刚度耦合力传递模型,讨论了刀盘在复合地质条件下掘进时刀盘载荷波动与撑靴岩石接触界面刚度之间的耦合关系.结果表明,撑靴接触界面刚度随刀盘载荷增大而非线性增大;复合地层中,刀盘载荷波动,接触界面刚度也呈现相应的波动特性;两侧撑靴接触界面岩石软硬不同时,刀盘载荷均值和波动增加,接触界面刚度均值和波动加大,且较硬一侧增加幅度大于较软一侧减小幅度.     

中子活化分析中煤样厚度及探测器位置的选择

利用MCNP5程序包模拟14MeV脉冲中子照射一定厚度煤样,并通过时间控制获得非弹γ能谱和俘获γ能谱,再利用计数率的高低确定γ能谱的获取位置.结果表明:当煤样厚度为20cm时,非弹γ能谱的计数率达到饱和;当煤样厚度为35cm时,俘获γ能谱的计数率达到饱和.     

Heston模型下考虑工资风险和保费退还条款的DC型养老金时间一致性投资策略

DC型养老金投资者通常可以将保费投资于金融市场中无风险资产、风险资产以及通胀指数化债券3种资产。在均值-方差准则下，为了充分考虑市场风险因素和保障参保人利益，将通胀风险、波动风险、工资风险以及保费退还条款引进投资模型中。利用博弈论思想和随机最优控制技术，通过求解一个扩展HJB方程组，得到了最优时间一致性投资策略和有效前沿的解析表达。最后，通过数值分析比较了有、无保费退还条款两种情形下的最优投资策略。此外，还分析了一些主要参数对最优投资策略和有效前沿的影响，并给出了经济意义上的解释。     

小型无人机协同覆盖侦察路径规划

针对多架小型无人机对含有障碍的区域覆盖侦察最佳路径规划问题,首先用方形单元格将待侦察区域离散化,利用基于初始位置的划分方法划分出与无人机对应的子区域,把问题转化为单无人机优化问题以降低计算复杂度;然后在最小生成树的基础上提出节点交换法,对各子区域的形状和最小生成树进行调整优化;最后依据优化后的最小生成树为每个子区域构建侦察路径。仿真验证了该方法产生的规划路径能够完全覆盖指定区域且无重叠,路径长度和转弯数最小。     

Angular glint calculation and analysis of radar targets via adaptive cross approximation algorithm

Angular glint is a significant electromagnetic （EM） scattering signature of extended radar targets. Based on the adaptive cross approximation （ACA） algorithm accelerated method of moments （MoM） and the plane incident wave assumption, the narrowband, wideband and newly developed high-resolution range profile （HRRP） based angular glint calculation formulations are derived and applied to arbitrarily shaped three-dimensional （3D） perfectly electrical y conducting （PEC） objects. In addition, the near-field angular glint is emphasized, which is of great importance for radarseeker applications. Furthermore, with the HRRP based angular glint, an approach to rigorously determine range resolution cel s which own relatively smal er angular glint is provided. Numerical results are presented with new findings to demonstrate the usefulness of the developed formulations.     

清中后期社会历史文化心态的展现——以小说《荡寇志》为例

《荡寇志》是清中后期保守士人面对西潮涌入、传统文化失落的集体性情感反应的产物,小说作者俞万春以捍卫中国传统文化的基本价值为己任,担负起了文化卫道的使命。但残酷的现实却撕碎了他加强君权、帝制,肃清内乱来重振国威的卫道美梦,小说《荡寇志》便展示了这一特定历史时期各种社会变革思潮下的社会历史文化心态。     

DanHong Injection inhibits the development of primary abdominal aortic aneurysms in apoE knockout mice

Clinical observations indicate that DanHong Injection （DHI） can increase blood flow and reduce various syndromes in patients with cardiovascular disease. How- ever, it still needs to define the function of DHI and the involved mechanisms in details, such as the protective effect on the development of primary abdominal aortic aneurysms （AAAs）. In this study, we determined whether DHI is able to inhibit AAA in apoE knockout （apoE-/-） mice. Thirty apoE-/- male mice on high-fat diet （0.5 % cholesterol, 21% fat） were randomly divided into two groups and received i.p. injection of saline （100 μL/day） and DHI （100 μL/day）, respectively, for 16 weeks. At the end of experiment, we determined the development of atherosclerosis in en face aorta and aneurysms,pathological morphology of arterial wall, and serum lipid levels. We also determined the expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 （MCP-1）, MMP-2, and MMP-9 mRNA in aortic wall using real-time RT-PCR. Our results indicated that high-fat diet induced the development of AAAs in apoE-/- mice, but the induction was totally blocked by DHI （P 〈 0.01）. The result of staining of abdominal aortic cross sections showed that DHI main- tained the collagen content in arterial wall, thereby pre- venting the animals from the development of AAA. Although DHI had little effect on serum total- and LDL- cholesterol levels, it reduced the expression of MCP-1, MMP-2, and MMP-9 mRNA in aortic wall （P 〈 0.01）. Taken together, our study suggests that DHI can inhibit the high-fat diet-induced AAA formation. The inhibitory effects may be related to the maintenance of the collagen content and inhibition of expression of AAA-related genes. Our study may suggest a new application of DHI in clinics.