对煤的最大含气量问题的讨论

煤中含气量的影响因素较多,但核心因素是煤的变质程度。以往的研究者通常用Lang-muir方程来表征煤的最大含气量,以此为根据计算获得煤层气的资源密度。然而生产的实际表明煤的最大含气量远大于Langmuir方程中的a值。重新将煤进行吸附解吸实验,在进行煤基本结构分析的基础上建立数学模型,并利用SPSS软件进行数据拟合,发现Weibull不对称函数表征的最大含气量优于Langmuir方程,拟合结果分析中Weibull不对称函数拟合的R2皆大于Langmuir方程拟合的R2。从而得出利用Weibull不对称函数来表征解吸作用更为合理。  

扬子区页岩气和煤层气联合开发的地质优选

为了优选煤层气和页岩气联合研究与开发的有利区域,以扬子地区二叠系龙潭组及其上下部组合地层为研究对象,分析页岩气和煤层气的资源分布特点;讨论成藏地质条件及气藏聚集模式,依据龙潭组及其上下部地层组合的分布特征和埋深、页岩气和煤层气的资源潜力等条件,确定优选区域。研究认为,龙潭组在上扬子和下扬子普遍发育;上扬子滇东-黔西等区煤层气资源丰富;上扬子龙潭组及其与局部由长兴组相变而成的大隆组组合,下扬子大隆组—龙潭组—孤峰组组合均发育富含有机质泥页岩,厚度较大、分布连续,有机质含量高,母质类型好,成熟度高,具有页岩气成藏的良好地质条件和丰富的资源潜力,且存在页岩气和煤层气资源的重叠组合性;至少在上、下扬子分别形成三种和两种地层空间气藏聚集模式。上扬子川南资阳、自贡及重庆、黔西北地区和下扬子苏南句容盆地,可作为开展页岩气和煤层气联合研究与开发的优选区域。  

Division and formation mechanism of coalbed methane reservoir in Huainan Coalfield,Anhui Province,China

The coalbed methane (CBM) reservoir is the basic geological unit of CBM storing and CBM resource developing. The forming conditions of the CBM reservoir include coal thickness, coal rank, seam buried depth, caprock, and geological structure. The division of a CBM reservoir in the Huainan coalfield is mainly based on the geological structure form and seam buried depth. According to the Fufeng nappe and the secondary structures of Huainan syn-clinorium, seven CBM reservoirs are divided in the Huainan Coalfield, such as Caijiagang, and the dynamic mechanism of CBM forming is analyzed. The structural position where the CBM reservoir is located has the important controlling role on the features of CBM reservoir.  

Evolution of the CBM reservoir-forming dynamic system with mixed secondary biogenic and thermogenic gases in the Huainan Coalfield,China

The secondary biogenic gas is an important original type of the coalbed methane (CBM) in China. Based on the analyses of sedimentary and burial history of the Permian coal-bearing strata, combined with thermal history and gas generation process of coals, the CBM reservoir-forming dynamic system with mixed secondary biogenic and thermogenic gases in the Huainan Coalfield is subdivided into four evolutionary stages as follows: (i) shallowly-buried peat and early biogenic gas stage; (ii) deeply buried coal seams and thermogenic gas stage; (iii) exhumation of coal-bearing strata and adsorbed gas lost stage; and (iv) re-buried coal-bearing strata and secondary biogenic gas supplement stage. The Huainan CBM reservoir-forming model has the features of the basin-centered gas accumulation. The evolution of the reservoir-forming dynamic system proves that the thermogenic gas is not the main gas source for the Huainan CBM reservoir. Only the secondary biogenic gases as an additional source replenish into the coal bed after basin-uplift, erosional unroofing and subsequent scattering of thermogenic gases. Then this kind of mixed CBM reservoirs can be formed under suitable conditions.  

不同含氮量煤层气氮膨胀液化流程优化与性能分析

针对高含氮量的煤层气液化,构建了适用于小型液化装置的氮膨胀液化流程。为考察煤层气中氮含量对液化流程的影响,分别以一定的液化率和甲烷回收率作为限定条件,通过HYSYS模拟计算对不同氮含量（0~70%）下的液化流程进行优化,并以单位产品液化功耗为主要指标,比较各种条件下的系统性能。结果表明,煤层气液化流程的性能随含氮量的变化而改变,但并非单调变化。  

云南老厂矿区煤层气地质条件

在分析矿区地质条件、煤岩及煤储层特征的基础上,探讨研究区煤层气地质条件.结果表明:老厂矿区龙潭组和长兴组含煤性好,煤层厚度大并且分布稳定,煤质以无烟煤为主,生烃量大,生烃能力强;煤岩组分稳定,镜质组含量高,对甲烷吸附性强;煤层孔隙度较低,渗透率中等;解吸率和储层压力偏高,中等含气性,含气量在6.02 ～ 18.95 m3/t.研究区构造类型和水文地质条件相对简单,围岩封盖及地下水封堵作用强,利于煤层气的富集成藏.综合分析认为,老厂矿区属中型富甲烷煤层气目标区,煤层气成藏地质条件优越,煤层气资源丰富,开采条件优越.  

煤层低伤害氮气泡沫压裂液研究

随着煤层气开发规模不断扩大,在煤层压裂增产过程中压裂液滤失量高、地层伤害严重、返排困难且压裂效果差等问题不断凸显。结合煤层气储层物性,研制低伤害氮气泡沫压裂液体系,即0.5%YSJ杀菌剂+1%FP-1复合起泡剂+2%KCl防膨剂+N2。对该氮气泡沫压裂液体系进行滤失试验和分散试验研究。结果表明:该泡沫压裂液体系起泡及稳泡性能良好,耐剪切能力强,携砂能力强;泡沫和气液两相滤饼的封堵作用可以明显降低压裂液的滤失量,并且氮气可以增强压裂液的返排能力;压裂液体系中的表面活性剂可以降低煤粉与水相的界面张力,提高压裂液对煤粉的分散能力;相对于常规压裂液体系,氮气泡沫压裂液体系对煤层气岩心的伤害较小。  

煤体基质吸附(解吸)变形规律试验研究

为了更好的掌握煤体吸附(解吸)过程中变形规律,以晋城天地王坡煤矿为例,利用实验室模拟方法,在恒压、环境温度(室温20℃)一定的条件下,研究煤岩基质吸附(解吸)变形规律。实测了不同有效应力及加压方式下煤体的变形量,分析了煤基质吸附(解吸)后的变形规律,得到了弹性阶段煤体变形值与吸附(解吸)量的变化关系,并拟合得出了两者之间的函数关系。通过分析得出以下基本规律:①吸附(解吸)量与煤样应变(解吸过程为收缩变形)随时间的增加而增大,并逐渐趋于稳定,呈现指数分布规律;②吸附(解吸)变形可大致分为三个阶段,即第一阶段吸附(解吸)速度较快,变形量也较大,曲线斜率较大;第二阶段,随解吸量的增加,两者变化幅度相当,曲线斜率接近为1.0;第三阶段,当煤体收缩变形接近原始孔隙体积时,变形量不再增加,曲线斜率接近于零。试验结果为煤矿瓦斯合理抽采及防止煤与瓦斯突出提供了一定的理论依据。