首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   11380篇
  免费   981篇
  国内免费   781篇
系统科学   1069篇
丛书文集   365篇
教育与普及   89篇
理论与方法论   33篇
现状及发展   74篇
研究方法   2篇
综合类   11509篇
自然研究   1篇
  2025年   47篇
  2024年   84篇
  2023年   115篇
  2022年   156篇
  2021年   154篇
  2020年   171篇
  2019年   156篇
  2018年   144篇
  2017年   200篇
  2016年   203篇
  2015年   298篇
  2014年   494篇
  2013年   423篇
  2012年   647篇
  2011年   732篇
  2010年   504篇
  2009年   597篇
  2008年   592篇
  2007年   814篇
  2006年   836篇
  2005年   707篇
  2004年   643篇
  2003年   593篇
  2002年   481篇
  2001年   440篇
  2000年   404篇
  1999年   359篇
  1998年   281篇
  1997年   257篇
  1996年   274篇
  1995年   221篇
  1994年   205篇
  1993年   181篇
  1992年   157篇
  1991年   144篇
  1990年   106篇
  1989年   116篇
  1988年   90篇
  1987年   71篇
  1986年   26篇
  1985年   9篇
  1984年   3篇
  1981年   4篇
  1955年   3篇
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
1. INTRODUCTIOnIn zinc hydro-metallurgical process) a large amoks of power is consumed in EDPZ everyyear [11. Therefore, reducing the power consumption of EDPZ is very important. The TSVP,involving higher price in rush hours while lower price in valleys, has been adopted since 1995.An unvaried supply in daily production is costly, so it is necessary to adopt an optimal powersupply scheme under the c..dition of ensuring the quantity and quality of products.Derived from the Metropolis …  相似文献   
2.
1IntroductionTheanalytichierarchyprocess(AHP)hasfoundwidespreadapplicationindecisionmakillgproblemsinvolvingmultiplecriteriainsystemsofmanylevels,andforPriority-modelingincomplexsystems.Preferellcesforasetofobjects(proje(its,prodllcts,etc.)area'~ryoftollexpressedintheformofpairwise(}olllparisolls.Thisisparticularlytrueinmarketresear(}11situationwhereconsumerpreferencesforasetofproductsaretobecaptured.Thepl'oblemistoextractfromthepairwisedataasetofratingsorweightsfortilenobjects.Inthismannera…  相似文献   
3.
My research examines the performance of natural resource-use information systems. I question why such systems, despite receiving substantial financial and human investment, appear to have a weak impact on projects, programs, and policy intended for rural poverty alleviation in developing countries. Drawing on my understanding of the process of unfolding introduced by C. West Churchman, and its particular relationship to Habermasian constitutive interests, I reflect on my experiences of using the concept during fieldwork undertaken in Botswana. The concept is found useful on two fronts: first, it provides a purposeful guide for gathering and processing information/knowledge—what I have termed an epistemological intent; second, it provides a useful template for evaluating other information systems; in particular, the role of expertise—what I have termed an ontological intent. The process of unfolding, as I understand it, also provides an invitation for constructive (rather than self-indulgent) personal reflection: what might be termed a constitutive reflexive intent. By making information gathering and knowledge generation less mystical and a more transparent social activity, the conceptual and practical application of the process of unfolding can help toward retrieving inquiry as being a purposeful, openly political, and thereby less deceptive engagement: features which I believe are found particularly wanting in the business of rural development information gathering.  相似文献   
4.
过程系统训练仿真器的面向对象分析与设计   总被引:10,自引:2,他引:10  
针对过程系统训练仿真所存在的问题,结合面向对象的系统分析与设计的特点,提出了基于Browser/Sever体系结构的采用面向对象技术设计的新型过程训练仿真系统的结构及其实现思路。  相似文献   
5.
巨灾死亡率债券定价模型研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
巨灾死亡率债券是以规避巨灾死亡率风险为目的的金融衍生产品,此类债券的给付与死亡率指数相关联.利用含Poisson频率的跳跃-扩散过程刻画随机死亡率指数发生跳跃的频率与幅度,应用共同单调理论处理不同地区死亡率指数之间的相关性问题.进一步运用王氏变换(Wang transform)方法,在不完全市场中给出巨灾死亡率债券的定价模型.最后,依据我国人口死亡率数据进行实证研究.  相似文献   
6.
根据污水处理过程的实际需要,在国际公认的活性污泥模型ASM1模型的基础上,获得了能够反映污水处理系统出水水质的简化模型.利用LabVIEW软件平台,开发出了基于该模型的污水处理过程动态特性的仿真系统.系统具有反映污水处理过程动态信息量大、直观性好、人机交互方便等特点.通过对污水关键水质参数COD、BOD5、SS进行仿真,证明了该仿真系统的有效性.  相似文献   
7.
Automatic process control (APC) based on design of experiment (DOE) is a cost-efficient approach for variation reduction. The process changes both in mean and variance owing to online parameter adjustment make it hard to apply traditional SPC charts in such DOE-based APC applied process. An adaptive SPC scheme is developed, which can better track the process transitions and achieve the possible SPC run cost reduction when the process is stable. The control law of SPC parameters is designed by fully utilizing the estimation properties of the process model instead of traditionally using the data collected from the production line. An example is provided to illustrate the proposed adaptive SPC design approach.  相似文献   
8.
We study an M/PH/1 queue with phase type working vacation and vacation interruption where the vacation time follows a phase type distribution. The server serves the customers at a lower rate in a vacation period. The server comes back to the regular busy period at a service completion without completing the vacation. Such policy is called vacation interruption. In terms of quasi birth and death process and matrix-geometric solution method, we obtain the stationary queue length distribution. Moreover we obtain the conditional stochastic decomposition structures of queue length and waiting time when the service time distribution in the regular busy period is exponential.  相似文献   
9.
Traditional econometrics has long employed "points" to measure time series data. In real life situations, however, it suffers the loss of volatility information, since many variables are bounded by intervals in a given period. To address this issue, this paper provides a new methodology for interval time series analysis. The concept of "interval stochastic process" is formally defined as a counterpart of "stochastic process" in point-based econometrics. The authors introduce the concepts of interval stationarity, interval statistics (including interval mean, interval variance, etc.) and propose an interval linear model to investigate the dynamic relationships between interval processes. A new interval-based optimization approach for estimation is proposed, and corresponding evaluation criteria are derived. To demonstrate that the new interval method provides valid results, an empirical example on the sterling-dollar exchange rate is presented.  相似文献   
10.
Process capability analysis and estimation scheme for autocorrelated data   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
<正>Autocorrelation is prevalent in continuous production processes,such as the processes in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries.With the development of measurement technology and data acquisition technology,sampling frequency is getting higher and the existence of autocorrelation cannot be ignored.This paper analyzes five estimation schemes of process capability for autocorrelated data.Comparisons among these schemes are discussed for small sample and large sample.In conclusion,this paper gives a procedure of process capability analysis for autocorrelated data.  相似文献   
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号