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1.
Mg–Sn–Y alloys with different Sn contents (wt%) were assessed as anode candidates for Mg-air batteries. The relationship between microstructure (including the second phase, grain size, and texture) and discharge properties of the Mg–Sn–Y alloys was examined using mi-crostructure observation, electrochemical measurements, and galvanostatic discharge tests. The Mg–0.7Sn–1.4Y alloy had a high steady dis-charge voltage of 1.5225 V and a high anodic efficiency of 46.6% at 2.5 mA·cm?2. These good properties were related to its microstructure:small grain size of 3.8 μm, uniform distribution of small second phase particles of 0.6 μm, and a high content (vol%) of (11(2)0)/(10(1)0) orient-ated grains. The scanning Kelvin probe force microscopy (SKPFM) indicated that the Sn3Y5 and MgSnY phases were effective cathodes caus-ing micro-galvanic corrosion which promoted the dissolution of Mg matrix during the discharge process.  相似文献   
2.
A new method for separating and recovering tin from a low-grade tin middling with high Si content and low Fe content by roasting with anthracite coal was researched by studying the reaction mechanism and performing an industrial test, in which the Sn was sulfurized into SnS(g) and then collected using a dust collector. The Fe–Sn alloy may be formed at roasting temperatures above 950°C, and like the roasting temperature increases, the Sn content and Sn activity in this Fe–Sn alloy decrease. Also, more FeS can be formed at higher temperatures and then the formation of FeO–FeS with a low melting point is promoted, which results in more serious sintering of this low-grade tin middling. And from the thermodynamics and kinetics points of view, the volatilization of the Sn decreases at extremely high roasting temperatures. The results of the industrial test carried out in a coal-fired rotary kiln show that the Sn volatilization rate reaches 89.7% and the Sn is concentrated in the collected dust at a high level, indicating that the Sn can be effectively extracted and recovered from the low-grade tin middling with a high Si content and low Fe content through a reduction–sulfurization roasting process.  相似文献   
3.
采用激光填丝焊(laser wire filler welding,LFW)、冷金属过渡(cold metal transfer,CMT)焊和熔化极惰性气体保护(melt inert-gas,MIG)焊方法对6005A-T6铝合金板材进行焊接,研究不同焊接方法得到的焊接件的接头处、焊缝区、热影响区的抗晶间腐蚀能力。研究结果表明:在相同晶间腐蚀环境下,LFW接头处较CMT焊、MIG焊接头处的抗晶间腐蚀能力强;CMT焊焊缝区较MIG焊焊缝区的抗晶间腐蚀能力强,但热影响区抗晶间腐蚀的能力相反;3种接头各自热影响区的抗晶间腐蚀能力均弱于各自焊接接头处和焊缝区的抗晶间腐蚀能力。  相似文献   
4.
The butt welds of 4-mm thick 5A06 aluminum alloy plates were produced by adjustable-gap bobbin-tool friction stir travel with travel speeds of 200, 300, and 400 mm/min in this study. The microstructure was studied using optical microscopy and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). Tensile tests and microhardness measurements were performed to identify the effect of the travel speed on the joint mechanical properties. Sound joints were obtained at 200 mm/min while voids were present at different positions of the joints as the travel speed increased. The EBSD results show that the grain size, high angle grain boundaries, and density of geometrically necessary dislocations in different regions of the joint vary depending on the recovery and recrystallization behavior. Specific attention was given to the relationship between the local microstructure and mechanical properties. Microhardness measurements show that the average hardness of the stir zone (SZ) was greater than that of the base material, which was only affected slightly by the travel speed. The tensile strength of the joint decreased with increasing travel speed and the maximal strength efficiency reached 99%.  相似文献   
5.
采用仿生法在Mg-3Zn-0.5Sr合金表面制备涂层,通过SEM,EDS和XRD分析表征涂层形貌和结构;采用电化学实验和浸泡腐蚀实验来研究涂层对合金降解速率的影响;采用生物毒性实验验证有无涂层Mg-3Zn-0.5Sr合金的毒性等级.实验结果表明:在Mg-3Zn-0.5Sr合金表面可以沉积致密的羟基磷灰石(HA)涂层,厚度约为30~40μm,HA涂层可以有效地降低Mg合金的降解速率;在体积分数为25%的有无涂层合金浸提液中培养细胞4d,细胞相对增值率均超过100%,有无涂层合金的细胞毒性均为0级.  相似文献   
6.
采用电化学沉积法在316L不锈钢基体材料上制备Ni—W—Co三元合金镀层。利用正交试验初步确定电镀液的配方。通过拉伸试验和电化学腐蚀试验分别测试镀层的结合性能和耐腐蚀性能。另外,测试了镀层的显微硬度。结果表明,镀液主要成分对镀层粗糙度影响程度大小为:硫酸镍 > 柠檬酸钠 > 光亮剂1 > 光亮剂2。镀液pH为5.0~5.5、电流密度为3 A·dm—2时,镀层抗拉强度可达21 MPa。镀液的pH为5.0时,镀层硬度值最高。Na2WO4含量为30 g·L—1时,镀层硬度高达590(HV)。CoSO4含量为30 g·L—1时,镀层的耐蚀性能最佳。  相似文献   
7.
The microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti-3.5Al-5Mo-6V-3Cr-2Sn-0.5Fe high strength titanium alloy sheets prepared by unidirectional cold rolling and two-step cross cold rolling were investigated. Results showed that the β phase grains were refined significantly by cold rolling followed by solution treatment for a short time.Compared to unidirectional cold rolling, the short time solution treatment after two-step cross rolling could significantly reduce the non-uniformity of the microstructure of the alloy sheets. After aging treatment at 550 ℃,the anisotropy of the mechanical properties still existed in the unidirectional rolled sheets, and the tensile strength was highest along the rolling direction. After solution and aging treatment, the anisotropy of the mechanical properties of the two-step cross rolling process sheet was not obvious than unidirectional cold rolling,and alloy had good strength and plasticity matching.  相似文献   
8.
就单一合金元素及复合多种合金元素对Al-Zn-Mg-Cu系铝合金的铸态组织、析出相、力学性能及腐蚀性能的影响进行综述。单独加入稀土元素Er,Ce,Ho,Sc等,可以净化基体,使合金熔铸缺陷明显减少,细化晶粒,促进合金元素在基体中的固溶,使晶界减少偏析;单独加入微量的Zr,可以提高合金的再结晶温度,抗拉强度,应力腐蚀能力;复合添加稀土及其他微量合金元素,对提高铝合金的综合性能更为有效。  相似文献   
9.
法兰密封连接是过程工业装置中最常见的可拆连接形式,在保证法兰连接良好的密封性能及长久的使用寿命上,密封新材料的开发和应用具有重要意义。以Ni_(50.9)Ti_(49.1)(原子分数)形状记忆合金为对象,研究其在压缩载荷作用下的力学行为;加工了镍钛合金平垫片,研究密封连接结构泄漏率随预紧力、介质压力及温度的变化规律。试验结果表明:镍钛合金压缩载荷作用下具有超弹性特性,马氏体相变初始应力为270 MPa,不同压紧应力下试样的回弹率都达到99%以上。在恒定预紧力下,随着介质压力的提高,密封连接的泄漏率呈增加的趋势;随着温度的增加,泄漏率呈下降的趋势。最终,依据不同的工况条件获得了最佳的预紧力范围。  相似文献   
10.
研究了合金中Al含量的增加对铸态FeNiMnCr0.75Alxx=0.25,0.5,0.75,原子分数)高熵合金晶体结构及力学性能的影响。采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)对合金的微观结构及形貌进行分析,采用维氏硬度计和MTS万能试验机测试合金的硬度和室温压缩性能。试验结果表明,铸态下,FeNiMnCr0.75Alx高熵合金均由bcc和fcc两种晶体结构的相构成。随着Al含量的增加,合金中bcc结构的相的相对含量逐渐增加,导致硬度和压缩屈服强度也随之升高,应变量降低;且Al含量的增加最终也促使合金中无序bcc结构的相逐渐转变为Ni:(Mn+Al)=1:1(原子分数比)型有序bcc结构的相。  相似文献   
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