Genesis of zircon and its constraints on interpretation of U-Pb age

Zircon U-Pb dating is the most commonly used method for isotopic geochronology. However, it has been a difficult issue when relating zircon U-Pb ages to metamorphic conditions in complex metamorphic rocks. Much progress has been made in the past decade with respect to the genesis of zircon and its constraints on interpretation of U-Pb age. Three methods have been proposed to link zircon U-Pb age to metamorphic conditions: ( i ) internal structure; ( ii ) trace element feature; (iii) mineral inclusion composition. Magmatic zircon shows typical oscillatory zoning and/or sector zoning, whereas metamorphic zircon has internal structures such as no zoned, weakly zoned, cloudy zoned, sector zoned, planar zoned, and patched zoned ones. Zircons formed in different geological environments generally have characteristic internal structures. Magmatic zircons from different rock types have variable trace element abundances, with a general trend of increasing trace element abundances in zircons from ultramafic through mafic to granitic rocks. Zircons formed under different metamorphic conditions have different trace element characteristics that can be used to relate their formation to metamorphic conditions. It is an effective way to relate zircon growth to certain P-T conditions by studying the trace element partitioning between coexisting metamorphic zircon and garnet in high-grade metamorphic rocks containing both zircon and garnet. Primary mineral inclusions in zircon can also provide unambiguous constraints on its formation conditions. Therefore, interpretation of zircon U-Pb ages can be constrained by its internal structure, trace element composition, mineral inclusion and so on.  

Reappraisement and refinement of zircon U-Pb isotope and trace element analyses by LA-ICP-MS

A protocol was established for simultaneous measurements of zircon U-Pb ages and trace elements by LA-ICP-MS at spot sizes of 16 32 μm.This was accomplished by introducing N 2 into ICP to increase the sensitivity.The obtained U-Pb ages for zircon standards GJ-1,TEMORA and SK10-2 are consistent with the preferred values within about 1% uncertainty (2σ) by simple external calibration against zircon standard 91500.Different data reduction softwares could yield different uncertainties for calculation of U-Pb ag...  

中国东南地壳增长与Nd同位素模式年龄

中国东南变质基底岩石及各时代花岗岩的Nd同位素模式年龄的统计研究结果表明,该地区太古代—古元古代陆壳以横向增生方式形成,显生宙表现为局部的垂向增生.太古代时形成若干规模有限的陆核,地壳增长的主要时期为1.8～2.2Ga,1.5～1.8Ga期间的地壳增长主要发生在赣东北、皖南和浙东、闽东地区.晋宁期和古生代花岗岩主要由同一地区变质基底岩石重熔形成的,没有明显的幔源物质加入.但从赣东北到粤西存在一条北东向的低Nd模式年龄花岗岩带,其成因可能与加里东期裂陷槽有关.中生代花岗岩的Nd模式年龄比同一地区基底岩石和前中生代花岗岩的低,反映普遍的壳幔相互作用和陆壳的增长.在此背景上,闽浙沿海有一低Nd模式年龄花岗岩区,内陆存在数条北东向分布的低Nd模式年龄花岗岩带,表明有幔源物质的加入和地壳的增生.幔源物质的加入可能与这些地区中生代地壳拉张减薄作用有关,而这种地壳的拉张减薄及地幔物质上涌对华南地区一些重要的金属矿床的形成起了重要的作用  

根茎禾草无性系种群年龄结构的研究方法

在广泛观测和调查的基础上，对适用于根茎型禾草无性系种群年龄结构的研究方法作了概述，详细介绍了样地的选择，取样时间，取样方法，分蘖株、根茎、芽的年龄划分标准与鉴别方法，及其相关的研究与测定方法，对国内报道过的几种有关根茎禾草无性系各群年龄结构的研究方法作了评价。  

论新疆东准噶尔蛇绿岩的时代及其意义

讨论了位于新疆准噶尔盆地东北缘的克拉麦里和阿尔曼太两条蛇绿岩带。侧重从蛇绿岩自身的同位素定年、伴生组分的微体古生物和蛇绿岩带的区域构造等方面系统阐述这两条蛇绿岩带的时代。作者得到的新认识是：这两条蛇绿岩带所代表的古洋发育的时代相近，可能从新元古代晚期开始孕育，发育的鼎盛时期是寒武纪至早、中奥陶世，晚奥陶世到早志留民为其萎缩、闭合时期，这个新认识在重建古亚洲洋和认识北疆大陆地壳演化历史方面都有重要意义。  

Neoproterozoic magmatic activity and global change

Neoproterozoic is a very important time in the history of the Earth, during which occurred supercontinent breakup, low-latitude glaciation, and biotic diversification.These concern a series of interdisciplinary studies involving ancient plate motion, climate change and life evolution, resulting in many forefront topics of general interest in the earth sciences. These include exact ages bracketing the Cryogenian System and glaciations, initial age and lasted duration of supercontinent breakup, dynamic reconstruction of China continents in supercontinental configurations, the nature of rift magmatism and extent of hydrothermal alteration, paleoclimatic implication of water-rock interaction and Iow-^18O magmatism, and relationship between supercontinental evolution and global change. A number of outstanding advances in the above aspects have being made by Chinese scientists, leaving many important issues to be resolved: (1)did the Cryogenian start at either 800 to 820 Ma or 760 to 780 Ma? (2) was South China in the supercontinental configuration located in either southeast to Australia or north to India? (3) are Paleoproterozoic to Archean ages of crustal rocks a valid parameter in distinguishing North China from South China? Available observations suggest that Neoproterozoic mantle superwelling occurred as conspicuous magmatism in South China but as cryptical magmatism in North China. Mid-Neoproterozoic mantle superplume event and its derived rift-magmatism would not only result in the supercontinental demise, but also play a very important role in the generation and evolution of the snowball Earth event by initiating the global glaciation, causing the local deglaciation and terminating the snowball Earth event.  

矿化垃圾基本特性研究

在填埋场稳定化进程理论研究的基础上，提出了矿化垃圾的基本概念，比较系统地对填埋时间为13年和9年矿化垃圾的物理、化学、生物等特性进行表征，论述了可能的应用前景．认为通过对矿化垃圾的开采与利用，就可使填埋场成为生活垃圾的中转处理场所，而不是最终的归宿．结果表明，矿化垃圾在物理质地上表现出类似砂土的倾向，但在结构和化学特性上又完全有别于砂土，特别是有机质、总氮、总磷含量、阳离子交换量，均明显超过砂土．其中，有机质的质量分数高达10％左右，与肥沃的土壤相类似，总氮、总磷含量也高于常规土壤；每100g干垃圾中，阳离子交换量更是高达0．068mol以上，比普通的砂土高出数十倍，比肥沃的土壤也高出两三倍．矿化垃圾细料与一般土壤组分比较，其粒径分布具有两极分布的趋势．这些特性均表明矿化垃圾细料具有优良的理化性质，当用做污染物处理基质时，能提供极好的吸附交换条件和适宜的微生物生存环境．  

华南武夷山早古生代构造事件的^40Ar／^39Ar同位素年龄研究

华南武夷山地区广泛发育一套强烈韧性剪切变形的中、高级变质岩系,其新生矿物白云母非常普遍.对武夷山南麓政和县蝴碟街大理岩和北麓弋阳县慈竹片麻状花岗岩中的动力变质矿物白云母进行40Ar/39Ar法同位素测年,分别获得391±3Ma和421±8Ma的坪年龄值,以及385±5Ma和422±6Ma的等时线年龄值,时代相当于志留纪末到泥盆纪初.结合地质证据,认为武夷山地区存在过一期早古生代沉积作用和早古生代末期的构造热事件.至少有一期的强烈韧性剪切变形和糜棱岩化作用是该构造事件所导致  

金属和合金中的动态应变时效现象

动态应变时效现象是在金属和合金中 ,移动着的溶质原子和运动中的位错发生交互作用时所出现的一种强化现象 .这种交互作用 ,将产生一系列的强化效应 ,使金属和合金在外加载荷作用下所表现出的力学行为发生巨大的变化 .所有这些效应 ,都将在常用的重要工业合金 (如钢、铝合金、铜合金 )最常使用的温度范围内出现 .研究动态应变时效 ,不仅有助于加深对诸如金属中位错的交互作用规律、塑性和强化的微观过程与机理等的理解 ,而且也能帮助我们更好地控制那些常用工业合金的机械性能 .本文结合多年来在这方面所做的系统研究工作 ,总结了动态应变时效现象的一般规律和已有的理论 ,并着重介绍作者参与建立的一种模型及其实验结果 ;还重点介绍了一些常用工业合金中动态应变时效现象的特点及其对机械性能的影响  

SHRIMP zircon U-Pb ages of Kalatongke No. 1 and Huangshandong Cu-Ni-bearing mafic-ultramafic complexes, North Xinjiang, and geological implications

In Xinjiang, northwestern China, there are some veryimportant magmatic Cu-Ni sulfide deposits hosted by ma-fic-ultramafic complexes. In addition to the Jingbulake inwestern Tianshan and the Xingdi in northeastern Tarimblock, the others are concentrated in the Kalatongke andHuangshan-Jingerquan mafic-ultramafic complex beltsand two largest Cu-Ni sulfide deposits occur in the Kala-tongke No.1 and Huangshandong complexes. In the pastdecade, a great number of researches have been conductedfo…