基于ZnO/NiO纳米异质结构紫外探测器的低温水溶液生长

利用低温水溶液方法制备了ZnO/NiO纳米异质结构,该异质结构主要由ZnO纳米阵列及NiO纳米片状结构层组成,ZnO和NiO纳米材料均由低温水溶液方法生长。同时基于ZnO/NiO纳米异质结构构建了简单的紫外探测器件。研究结果表明,基于上述结构的紫外探测器件具有非常好的紫外响应特性。该方法工艺流程简单、重复性好,具有广阔的应用前景。     

改性ZnO空心球光催化性能的研究进展

近年来,有机染料大量使用引起的水污染问题日益严重,因此迫切需要一种绿色、高效的技术来去除废水中的持久性有机污染物。ZnO作为一种廉价、无毒、储量丰富的半导体光催化剂,被认为是TiO₂的最佳替代品。ZnO空心球由于其独特的结构,拥有良好的光吸收能力和光催化稳定性,具有很好的应用前景,但是纯的ZnO空心球的禁带宽度较大,只能对紫外光或近紫外光作出响应。综述了ZnO空心球的制备方法以及其改性材料的光催化性能。并在提升ZnO空心球光催化性能方面做出了详细的阐述,包括掺杂、金属沉积、构建异质结等。讨论了增强ZnO空心球光催化活性的机制。     

量子点敏化太阳能电池ZnO光阳极的制备及性能

先用水热法合成ZnO颗粒, 再用溶胶 凝胶法将ZnO颗粒制备成量子点敏化太阳能电池光阳极, 并通过X射线衍射(XRD)、 扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、 透射电子显微镜(TEM)、 紫外-可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)和光电流密度 电压曲线分析不同厚度的六方纤锌矿型ZnO光阳极对量子点敏化太阳能电池性能的影响. 结果表明, 增加量子点的吸附面积可使ZnO光阳极的UV-Vis谱吸收带边红移, 进而提升太阳能电池的光电转换效率.     

单分散Au/ZnO纳米球的可控制备及气敏性能研究

以二水合醋酸锌和二甘醇为原料,采用微波法制备ZnO单分散纳米球;采用柠檬酸还原法制备Au纳米颗粒,并通过静电作用将金纳米颗粒修饰在ZnO纳米球上制备Au/ZnO气敏材料.XRD结果证明了多晶ZnO的形成以及金属Au的成功修饰;FESEM和TEM观察到ZnO单分散纳米球由纳米颗粒组装而成,粒径约280nm;PL光谱对合成材料的晶体缺陷进行了提取,在此基础上深入讨论了Au/ZnO的增敏机理.气敏测试结果显示,Au/ZnO纳米球比未修饰的ZnO纳米球对丙酮具有更好的选择性与更低的检测温度,在体积分数为1×10-6下仍具有较强的气敏响应.     

氧化锌基薄膜的制备及其光学性质的研究现状

ZnO作为制造高效率短波长发光和激光器件的理想材料,在磁学和电学等方面已经取得了巨大的研究进展,但是在掺杂状态对调控ZnO薄膜的发光行为方面至今鲜有报道。介绍了ZnO薄膜材料的基本结构和特性,综述了ZnO基薄膜的制备技术及其优缺点。此外,借助紫外发光和可见发光这两种发光机制,探讨了Co、Sn单掺及Co、Sn共掺ZnO薄膜的可见光发光特性,同时指出掺杂元素和掺杂量对薄膜能带结构的影响。最后,对ZnO基薄膜材料的应用工作和今后的发展方向进行了展望。     

负载高岭土的ZnO的制备及其光催化性能研究

以Zn（NO3）2·6H2O、C2H2O4和高岭土为原料,采用直接沉淀法合成了负载高岭土的ZnO粉体,并对其进行了X射线粉末衍射（ XRD）表征。以亚甲基蓝为目标物,研究了催化剂的用量、高岭土的负载量、煅烧温度以及亚甲基蓝的初始浓度对其光催化性能的影响。结果表明,煅烧温度为300℃、高岭土负载量为30%的ZnO光催化活性最好,在催化剂加入量为0.5 g/L,800W氙灯光照60 min的条件下,可使初始浓度为10 mg/L的亚甲基蓝脱色率达98%以上。且重复使用5次后脱色率仍在80%以上,表明所制备的复合光催化剂具有较好的催化性能和稳定性。     

Cu衬底上ZnO纳米结构及其光催化性能分析

采用两步电化学沉积法在Cu衬底上沉积得到ZnO纳米结构薄膜。用X-射线衍射（XRD）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对其结构及形貌进行表征,发现先在Cu衬底上沉积一层Zn致密膜,更有利于在其表面上得到附着力强、形貌较好的ZnO纳米结构膜。系统考察了沉积温度和沉积时间等工艺参数对ZnO纳米结构的影响。结果表明,沉积温度和沉积时间对晶体结构和形貌有显著影响,通过对工艺进行适宜控制可以得到结晶性良好的六方纤锌矿型ZnO纳米结构膜。以罗丹明B为目标有机污染物,分析了ZnO膜的光催化性能,表明所制备的ZnO膜可以作为光催化剂,其光催化效率可达到72.4%。     

湿化学法制备ZnO纳米流体

采用湿化学法成功制备了氧化锌（ZnO）纳米流体。用X射线衍射仪（XRD）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）对ZnO纳米颗粒的成分、分散性、形貌和粒径进行了分析表征;研究了醇水比（丙二醇（PG）／水）、乙酸锌浓度、反应时间、分散剂等因素对纳米流体分散稳定性和ZnO粒径的影响。结果表明,以乙酸锌（（CH3COO）2Zn·2H2O）为锌源,以氢氧化钠（NaOH）为碱源,V（丙二醇）：V（水）=3：2,乙酸锌浓度为0．1mol·L^-1,反应时间0．5h,聚乙二醇2000（PEG2000）加入1％（m（PEG2000）／m（乙酸锌）=1％）时为最佳工艺条件,产物氧化锌颗粒大小在20～30nm,分散性好,解决了团聚问题,可以稳定较长时间。     

Research progress in ZnO single-crystal: growth,scientific understanding,and device applications

Zinc oxide, a wide band-gap semiconductor, has shown extensive potential applications in high-efficiency semiconductor photoelectronic devices, semiconductor photocatalysis, and diluted magnetic semiconductors. Due to the undisputed lattice integrity, ZnO single crystals are essential for the fabrication of high-quality ZnO-based photoelectronic devices, and also believed to be ideal research subjects for understanding the underlying mechanisms of semiconductor photocatalysis and diluted magnetic semiconductors. This review, which is organized in two main parts, introduces the recent progress in growth, basic characterization, and device development of ZnO single crystals, and some related works in our group. The first part begins from the growth of ZnO single crystal, and summarizes the fundamental and applied investigations based on ZnO single crystals. These works are composed of the fabrication of homoepitaxial ZnO-based photoelectronic devices, the research on the photocatalysis mechanism, and dilute magnetic mechanism. The second part describes the fabrication of highly thermostable n-type ZnO with high mobility and high electron concentration through intentional doping. More importantly, in this part, a conceptual approach for fabricating highly thermostable p-type ZnO materials with high mobility through an integrated three-step treatment is proposed on the basis of the preliminary research.     

Photocatalytic enhancement of Mg-doped ZnO nanocrystals hybridized with reduced graphene oxide sheets

Hybridization of Mg-doped ZnO and reduced graphene oxide(MZO–RGO) were synthesized through one pot reaction process. Crystallization of MZO–RGO upon thermal decomposition of the stearate precursors was investigated by X-ray diffraction technique. XRD studies point toward the particles size with 10–15 nm,which was confirmed by transmittance electronic microscopy,and also indicates that graphene oxide has been directly reduced into its reduced state graphene during the synthesis. Graphene hybridized MZO photocatalyst showed enhanced catalytic activity for the degradation of methylene blue(MB). The degree of photocatalytic activity enhancement strongly depended both on the coverage of graphene on the surface of MZO nanoparticles and the Mg doping concentration. The sample of 2 wt% graphene hybridized 5 at% Mg-doped ZnO showed the highest photocatalytic activity,which remained good photocatalytic activity after nine cycling runs.