浅地表面波频散曲线组合勘探方法

面波勘探方法因其分辨率高、能量强,而且成本低、操作便捷等优势,被广泛应用于浅地表S波速度结构探测。为了兼顾面波探测深度及浅层分辨率,通过不同道间距组合,不同主频检波器组合,主、被动源组合,获得宽频带的面波频散曲线,实现在提高探测深度的同时保持浅层分辨率。实测结果表明,面波频散曲线组合勘探有效拓宽了频散曲线的频带宽度,兼顾了横波波速度结构反演深度和浅部速度结构的分辨率。     

地理国情普查地表覆盖内业解译的质量问题研究

地表覆盖内业解译是地理国情普查的一道重要工序。地理国情地表覆盖内业解译现存图斑平面位置精度不足、分类错误多种多样等普遍问题,问题突出典型。文中针对这些问题图文并茂、清晰明了的进行了说明,并从多方面分析问题产生的原因,提出加强对技术指标和采集原则的学习和理解,加强内业与外业的结合,充分发挥解译样本的作用等建议,以有效提高内业解译的质量。     

超声波和AES对原油的降粘试验简

通过试验得到：在去离子水中掺入AES后,其表面张力系数显著降低了,AES的浓度越大,其表面张力越小.该溶液经超声波处理后：表面张力系数有一定的上升,超声波功率越大、作用时间越长,表面张力系数上升越大;随超声波作用时间的增加,该溶液的化学需氧量越来越小,但随作用时间的增加,下降的趋势变慢.掺入AES后,原油的粘度有了较大的降低,其降粘率超过了80％.超声波对掺入AES的原油作用后,原油的降粘率超过了92％.     

不同电解液中钛合金电解等离子体抛光的对比分析

利用粗糙度仪、激光发射率测试仪、光学及电子显微镜等设备,对不同电解液体系中得到的钛合金试样表面的粗糙度及形貌进行了分析.结果表明:配方4电解液体系中得到的试样表面最为平整、镜面效果最好;配方1、2、3处理得到的膜层表面粗糙度也有较大的改善.     

钨铜基电镀铝层阳极氧化后的组织和性能研究

采用直流草酸法对镀铝层进行阳极氧化,研究了氧化电压和氧化时间对氧化层表面形貌、组织结构及表面绝缘性的影响。采用金相显微镜对镀铝层和氧化层表面形貌进行观察,扫描电镜和X射线衍射仪分析镀铝层和氧化层的成分与结构,并对其硬度进行测试,探索钨铜箔片上制备氧化铝的最佳工艺。实验现象表明:经过阳极氧化处理后,氧化层表面致密平滑,由非晶Al2O3和Al相组成,电绝缘性能良好;氧化铝膜的硬度随着氧化时间呈现先增加后降低,最后趋于稳定的趋势;而氧化铝膜的硬度随着氧化电压增大而增大。当氧化电压控制在30 V,氧化时间在3-6 h时,最有利于氧化膜的形成,且膜厚呈增大趋势。     

Formation of highly crystalline maghemite nanoparticles from ferrihydrite in the liquid phase

Fe5O7（OH）·4H2O ferrihydrite is a low-crystal- linity antiferromagnetic material, γ-Fe2O3 （maghemite） magnetic nanoparticles were prepared from a ferrihydrite precursor, by chemically induced transformation in FeCl2/ NaOH solution. The magnetization, morphology, crystal structure and chemical composition of the products were determined by vibrating sample magnetometry, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction （XRD）, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）. Ferrihydrite underwent aggregation growth and transformed into α-FeO（OH） （goethite） particles, which subsequently transformed into γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles, that became coated with NaCI. The γ-Fe2O3 particles had a flake-like morphology, when prepared from 0.01 mol/L FeCl2 and a FeCl2：NaOH molar ratio of 0.4. The γ-Fe2O3 particles were more spherical, when prepared from a FeCl2：NaOH molar ratio of 0.6. The Fe content of the flake-like particles was lower than that of the spherical particles. Their magnetizations were similar, and the coercivity of the flake-like particles was larger. The differences in morphology and magnetization were attributed to the surface effect, and the difference in coercivity to the shape effect.     

EMG oscillator model-based energy kernel method for characterizing muscle intrinsic property under isometric contraction

This paper presents a new method for estimating the isometric contraction force and the characterization of muscle’s intrinsic property.The method,called the energy kernel method,starts with converting the electromyography(EMG)signal into planar phase portraits,on which the elliptic distribution of the state points is named as the energy kernel,while that formed by the noise signal is called the noise kernel.Based on such stochastic features of the phase portraits,we approximate the EMG signal within a rectangular window as a harmonic oscillator(EMG oscillator).The study establishes the relationship between the energy of control signal(EMG)and that of output signal(force/power),and a characteristic energy is proposed to estimate the muscle force.On the other hand,the natural frequencies of the noise and the EMG signal can be attained with the energy kernel and noise kernel.In this way,the direct signal–noise recognition and separation can be accomplished.The results show that the representativeness of the characteristic energy toward the force is satisfactory,and the method is very robust since it combines the advantages of both RMS and MPF.Moreover,the natural frequency of the EMG oscillator is not governed by the MU firing rate of a specific muscle,indicating that this frequency correlates with the intrinsic property of muscle.The physical meanings of the model provide new insights into the understanding of EMG.     

Effects of baria on propane oxidation activity of Pd/Al2O3 catalyst: Pd–BaO interactio n and reaction routes

The BaO-modified Pd/Al2O3exhibits much better catalytic activity than Pd/Al2O3for C3H8 oxidation both before and after the hydrothermal aging treatment. Further studies ascribe its good activity to the influence of BaO species on the physicochemical characteristics of the catalyst and the reaction routes. Firstly, the BaO species inhibits the phase transformation of alumina, resulting in higher surface area of the catalysts and hereby a better dispersion of Pd. Secondly, the basic nature and electron-withdrawing effect of barium oxide maintain palladium at high oxidation state, which leads to a higher PdO content on surface of the BaO-modified catalyst. Finally, the formation/decomposition of carbonate/bicarbonate species can be promoted by the addition of BaO, which provide extra reaction routes and are important for the deep oxidation of C3H8.     

沥青路面热风循环加热机理与加热机作业参数研究

路面加热机是整个就地热再生机组的基础,加热机加热路面后的效果对路面再生质量有直接的影响。以热风循环式加热机工作装置为研究对象,运用多圆形喷嘴射流冲击模型对其作业过程进行分析。通过相关理论计算得出了喷嘴的排列方式、喷嘴孔直径、加热板离地高度、射流速度、热风温度等参数与沥青路面表面换热系数的关系。计算表明:三角形交错排列和矩形排列对路面换热系数的数值影响基本一致;再生作业中,当热风的冲击速度较大时,随着加热板离地高度的增加表面换热系数降低;当热风的冲击速度较小时,加热板离地高度对表面换热系数影响较小。     

表面分子印迹法制备棉酚印迹聚合物及其性能检测

分子印迹技术是高聚合物质对特定目标分子进行选择性识别和分离的技术,可以对目标分子进行高灵敏的检测和分离,因而得到广泛应用。制备了一种基于氧化硅的表面分子印迹聚合物,提高了传统印迹聚合物的结合率。在对表面分子印迹聚合物结合率和特异性的实验中,可知以甲基丙烯酸为单体,氯仿为致孔剂制备的表面分子印迹聚合物结合率和特异性最好,其k值和k’值分别为3.2和2.791。同时,该方法与高效液相色谱(high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet HPLC-UV)进行了比较,发现表面分子印迹聚合物(I值为3.85)对棉酚的检测优于HPLC-UV(I值为2.28)。