冻融循环和氯盐侵蚀作用下钢筋与混凝土的粘结性能

为了研究冻融循环和氯盐侵蚀两种因素对钢筋与混凝土粘结性能的影响,本文设计了光圆钢筋和螺纹钢筋两种钢筋混凝土试件,对其在三种不同冻融次数（15次、25次、50次）和三种不同浓度（3.5%、7%、10%）氯盐溶液条件下进行试验,探讨钢筋混凝土试件试验后的粘结性能退化规律。结果表明：光圆钢筋试件表现为拔出破坏,螺纹钢筋试件表现为劈裂破坏,当冻融循环次数较少时,钢筋与混凝土之间的粘结性能随着氯盐侵蚀程度的增加略有提高,当冻融循环次数大于等于25次时,粘结性能随氯盐浓度的增加而变差,冻融破坏程度不同,钢筋与混凝土粘结性能随氯盐浓度大小变化的敏感程度不同。最后根据试验结果拟合出冻融氯盐侵蚀后试件的粘结强度—滑移本构关系。     

冻融作用下玻化微珠保温混凝土的劈裂抗拉性能试验

在保温混凝土优化配合比的基础上,选定水灰比、水泥用量、砂率和外加剂掺量四个影响因素,设计正交试验,采用快冻法对混凝土进行0、15、30、50次冻融循环,观察各组试件表面剥蚀情况,确定混凝土强度及其退化特征。试验结果表明,0.50为最佳水灰比,经过50次冻融循环作用后,强度下降为初始值的66.7%。建立了冻融后保温混凝土劈裂抗拉强度值与冻融循环次数之间线性函数关系,并通过极差分析确定了水灰比是影响混凝土冻融后强度的主要因素。     

应用自然伽马曲线反演陇东地区延安组沉积旋回

自然伽马曲线包含丰富的地质信息,能够很好地反映由气候变化引起的地层旋回.采用频谱分析对鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区延安组湖沼相自然伽马测井曲线进行反演,可以得出地层中很好地保存了高频的米兰科维奇旋回,认为研究区延安组地层中的沉积旋回主要受古气候变化的控制,其中偏心率周期引起的地层旋回厚度变化范围为7.86～16.75 m;地轴倾角周期引起的地层旋回厚度变化范围为2.34～6.36 m;岁差周期引起的地层旋回厚度变化范围为1.14～2.96 m.频谱分析法可用于测井曲线进行高频沉积旋回分析.     

平面图3-可着色的3个充分条件

平面图3-可着色是指可用3种颜色对该图的顶点进行着色,使得相邻的顶点着不同的颜色.研究了平面图在长度不大于6的圈或长度不大于7的圈之间满足一定条件下是3-可着色的.     

Synopsis of the life cycles of Digenea (Platyhelminthes) from lagoons of the northern coast of the western Mediterranean

The present document reports on the large amount of data relating to digenean parasites recorded from or known to be present in various hosts in lagoons of the northern coast of the western Mediterranean, which has been compiled from the literature of more than a century. In these lagoons, at least 72 nominal species of digeneans have been recorded. This total corresponds to approximately 12% of the 584 “marine” digenean species reported for Europe. Data are provided on the life cycles of 56 digenean species. The life cycle has been totally elucidated for 44 species (25 from fish, 19 from birds), and partly for the other 12 species (seven from fish, five from birds). This means that the life cycle is known for 61.1% of the recorded fauna (44/72) and partly for 16.7%, but remains unknown for 22.2%, making it, in this respect, one of the best understood digenean marine faunas in the world. In addition, a checklist is provided dealing with the cercarial and metacercarial forms recorded from lagoons of the northern coast of the western Mediterranean, which have been described only on the basis of characters of these larval stages and which remain without demonstrated links to a corresponding sexual adult stage in a vertebrate.     

On the Gracefulness of the Digraphs n·Cm＊

A digraph D（V, E） is said to be graceful if there exists an injection f ： V（G） →{0, 1,... , ｜E｜} such that the induced function f＇ ： E（G） --~ {1, 2,… , ｜E｜} which is defined by f＇ （u, v） = [f（v） - f（u）] （rood ｜E｜＋ 1） for every directed edge （u, v） is a bijection. Here, f is called a graceful labeling （graceful numbering） of D（V, E）, while f＇ is called the induced edge＇s graceful labeling of D. In this paper we discuss the gracefulness of the digraph n- Cm and prove that n. Cm is a graceful digraph for m = 15, 17 and even     

Dynamics of phytoplankton and picoplankton over a tidal cycle in a subtropical lagoon

The influences of a tidal cycle on the distribution of autotrophic plankton were investigated in a hyper-eutrophic lagoon designated as a scenic area. Results showed that the highest concentrations of picoplankton and phytoplankton were found in the middle and inner part of the lagoon, irrespective of the tides. The MDS result also revealed that phytoplankton communities, dominated by Ceratium furca, were similar among stations in the inner bay during both flood tides and ebb tides. The time series sampling results at the inlet-outlet channel revealed that almost the same amounts of phytoplankton and picoplankton were carried through the channel during flood and ebb tides, with no trend in nutrient fluctuations except for phosphate which had a net loss from the lagoon. The results showed that tidal cycles do not effectively flush away phytoplankton and picoplankton from the lagoon, and the blooming of phyto- and picoplankton is inevitable should the situation stay the same. Steps are needed to alleviate the eutrophication condition instead of depending on the natural process such as tidal cycle.     

冻融循环作用下泡沫和乳化沥青冷再生混合料损伤特性与细观机理

为了揭示冻融循环作用下泡沫沥青和乳化沥青冷再生混合料的疲劳损伤规律,设计了冻融循环试验方案,基于劈裂强试验、无侧限抗压强度试验、贯入剪切试验研究冻融循环作用对泡沫/乳化沥青冷再生混合料力学性能的劣化影响,以工业CT无损检测技术为研究平台,研究冻融循环作用对泡沫/乳化沥青冷再生混合料微细观空隙级配、空隙直径的影响规律。结果表明,冻融循环作用显著降低了泡沫/乳化沥青冷再生混合料的力学性能,总体上,泡沫沥青与乳化沥青冷再生混合料表现出了基本相同的力学性能,乳化沥青比泡沫沥青冷再生混合料有更好的抗损害性能。随着冻融循环次数增加,泡沫/乳化沥青冷再生混合料的平均空隙直径和最大空隙直径增大,大空隙数目增加,小空隙比例和空隙数目减小,随着平均空隙直径增大,泡沫/乳化沥青冷再生混合料劈裂强度、贯入剪切强度均呈指数函数关系减小。冻融循环作用下,泡沫/乳化沥青冷再生混合料内部微空隙数目减少、平均空隙直径增大是其力学性能衰减的主要原因之一。     

含细粒土夹层粗颗粒硫酸盐渍土盐胀实验分析

为研究含细粒夹层粗颗粒硫酸盐渍土经多次冻融循环后的盐胀特性,对取自甘肃河西走廊地区敦煌飞机场某天然料场的粗颗粒盐渍土进行了室内多次冻融循环盐胀实验。结果表明:含细粒土层与不含细粒土层的硫酸盐渍土的盐胀主要集中在-5~15℃,在这个温度区间盐胀量变化较小;随着温度的升高,盐胀量有所减少,升温过程中盐胀减少量约为降温过程中盐胀增加量的0.5倍左右,但最终都趋于一个大于零的稳定值。含细粒土夹层粗颗粒硫酸盐渍土的盐胀量大于不含细粒土夹层的盐渍土,且前者盐胀量是后者盐胀量的1.5倍左右。     

冻融循环作用下混杂纤维粉煤灰混凝土力学性能试验

为了研究混杂纤维和粉煤灰增强混凝土在冻融循环作用下的损伤程度,通过对基准混凝土、混杂纤维混凝土和混杂纤维粉煤灰混凝土试样在冻融循环条件下进行抗压强度试验及超声波检测试验,得到冻融破坏后混凝土的抗压强度和相对动弹性模量,分析抗压强度损伤量、相对动弹性模量损伤量和内部结构破坏机制,建立了基于相对动弹性模量的强度衰减方程。试验结果表明：基准混凝土、混杂纤维混凝土和混杂纤维粉煤灰混凝土的抗压强度和相对动弹性模量均随着冻融循环次数的增加而减小;经历60次冻融循环时,其抗压强度和相对动弹性模量都有不同程度的下降;混杂纤维粉煤灰混凝土抗压强度和动弹性模量的损伤量在粉煤灰掺量小于10%时整体小于基准混凝土,而在粉煤灰掺量为20%和30%时大于基准混凝土;通过对冻融循环作用下混凝土相对抗压强度与相对动弹性模量的关系拟合,得到相关系数良好的相对抗压强度与相对动弹性模量的指数函数关系表达式;分析了混凝土冻融损伤、纤维和粉煤灰增强混凝土抗冻融机理。掺入适量纤维和粉煤灰能增强混凝土的抗冻融破坏能力。