社会责任影响下研发创新与医药供应链协调决策

基于医药制造商和医疗机构同时关注消费者剩余视角，把研发创新和医保支付作为影响消费者效用的内生因素，刻画不同决策模型中社会责任对均衡结果的影响。研究表明：无论是医药供应链整体，还是医药制造商单独关注社会责任，都有利于提升研发创新能力；在非合作决策下，医药制造商积极履行社会责任可以有效地控制药品批发和零售价格，增加利益相关者的收益，提升消费者剩余价值，但是会削弱自身盈利能力。然而，在供应链整体社会责任增强时，医药制造商分担的社会责任程度在阈值内增加则有利于医药制造商实现价值的增值；“政府补贴+协同创新+集采低价”组合契约协调策略优化了医药供应链，能有效激发研发创新的动力，增加整体社会福利。     

A new genus and two new species of Pudeoniscidae Lemos de Castro 1973 (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea) from Brazil

To date, the family Pudeoniscidae includes six species and three genera, Pudeoniscus, Brasiloniscus and Iansaoniscus, with distributions restricted to Brazil. Here, we redefine the family Pudeoniscidae based on the discovery of a new genus and two new species, Oxossioniscus pataxo sp. nov. and Oxossioniscus akoko sp. nov., from the Brazilian Atlantic forest in the state of Bahia, and on the examination of Pudeoniscus birabeni and Pudeoniscus obscurus. Moreover, P. obscurus is re-described and new records are provided for P. birabeni.

http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:A0123730-C623-49CE-8665-AE17FDDF994A.     

Theoretical construction in physics – The role of Leibniz for Weyl's ‘Philosophie der Mathematik und Naturwissenschaft’

This paper aims at closing a gap in recent Weyl research by investigating the role played by Leibniz for the development and consolidation of Weyl's notion of theoretical (symbolic) construction. For Weyl, just as for Leibniz, mathematics was not simply an accompanying tool when doing physics—for him it meant the ability to engage in well-guided speculations about a general framework of reality and experience. The paper first introduces some of the background of Weyl's notion of theoretical construction and then discusses particular Leibnizian inheritances in Weyl's ‘Philosophie der Mathematik und Naturwissenschaft’, such as the general appreciation of the principles of sufficient reason and of continuity. Afterwards the paper focuses on three themes: first, Leibniz's primary quality phenomenalism, which according to Weyl marked the decisive step in realizing that physical qualities are never apprehended directly; second, the conceptual relation between continuity and freedom; and third, Leibniz's notion of ‘expression’, which allows for a certain type of (surrogative) reasoning by structural analogy and which gave rise to Weyl's optimism regarding the scope of theoretical construction.     

不同产地独活及其混伪品的质量差异性分析

多点采样,对不同来源的独活及其混伪品进行质量差异性分析.测定不同产地独活及其混伪品总灰分、酸不溶性灰分、蛇床子素和二氢欧山芹醇当归酸酯质量分数,并结合HPLC指纹图谱对不同产地独活及其混伪品开展质量评价.结果表明,不同产地独活除陕西样品的蛇床子素略低于《中华人民共和国药典》(以下简称《药典》)标准外,其余样品均符合《药典》质量要求,而独活混伪品的蛇床子素质量分数均远低于正品独活质量分数.不同产地的独活HPLC指纹图谱有25个共有峰,各独活样品的指纹图谱与对照图谱的相似度在0.9以上,所建立的指纹图谱可用于独活的质量评价.因此,多指标的测定结果结合HPLC指纹图谱,可有效对不同产地的独活质量进行差异性分析和评价;混伪品蛇床子素的质量分数远低于正品独活,蛇床子素的质量分数高低可作为正品独活区别于混伪品的一个重要特征指标.     

基于负温度系数热敏电阻多通道高精度可穿戴式体温采集系统的设计

体温通常用于筛查传染病、监测治疗.为了确定皮肤表面温度.通过恒压式测温电路测电阻的方法,研究设计了可穿戴式多点体温监测系统,以STM32F103C8T6芯片为核心处理器,负温度系数热敏电阻(negative temperature coefficient,NTC)作为感温元器件,ADS1256芯片为温度信号调理器,蓝牙模块为无线传输单元,用LABVIEW设计上位机界面.热敏电阻及分压电阻构成的恒压式电桥电路进行8路温度数据的采集,24bits超高精度模数转换模块配置差分输入对模拟信号进行放大、滤波以及模数转换;转换后的数据在单片机中处理和运算;最终通过蓝牙将数据传至上位机.采用Stein-hart方程的四阶公式对热敏电阻作线性补偿.从软件和硬件上减少环境干扰和体温分布不均的影响.分析了温传感器的温度测量误差.实验结果表明,测量系统分辨率达0.01℃,测温准确度可达±0.02℃.此设计方案,具有较高的稳定性和精确性;并且该电路结构简单、体积小、低功耗,可用于需要精密测体温场合.