ZrO2添加量对等离子放电烧结制备WC-6Co组织和性能的影响

以WC-6Co为主体原料，通过添加不同含量的ZrO₂作为烧结助剂，采用SPS烧结技术制备出性能出众的WC-6Co硬质合金，研究了ZrO₂烧结助剂对硬质合金显微组织及力学性能的影响规律.结果表明:随着ZrO₂添加量的增加，试样的显微组织更加致密，相对密度更大，硬度和断裂韧性也有一定程度的增加.并且，当添加ZrO₂的质量分数为3%时，试样的相对密度达到96.7%，维氏硬度增加到20.28kN·mm^-2，断裂韧性增长到12.7MPa·mm^1/2，综合性能最优.研究发现，ZrO₂可以通过促进离子的扩散和颗粒的重排促进烧结，最终使得材料的相对密度和性能均得到提升.     

知识源异质性视角下知识溢出与区域创新绩效关系——基于知识产权保护的门槛效应分析

从知识源异质性视角，将知识溢出划分为省际知识溢出与国际知识溢出双渠道，采用2009~2016年中国30个省（市、自治区）的面板数据构建非线性面板门槛模型，以知识产权保护为门槛变量，实证分析双渠道知识溢出与区域创新绩效的非线性关系。结果表明：双渠道知识溢出对区域创新绩效的影响均显著存在以知识产权保护为双重门槛的复杂非线性特征，且具有相同的门槛区间；知识产权保护处于小于-4.348和[-4.348，-2.286]、大于-2.286时，省际知识溢出的弹性系数分别为0.294、0.279和0.339，促进作用先降后升；国际知识溢出的弹性系数分别为-0.094、-0.128和0.146，溢出效应先负后正；省际知识溢出的促进效应整体更强。根据实证结果提出了降低省际知识溢出壁垒、合理控制国际知识溢出以及提高知识产权保护水平等方面的区域创新绩效提升策略。     

Effects of SiO2 on the preparation and metallurgical properties of acid oxidized pellets

The effects of SiO₂ content on the preparation process and metallurgical properties of acid oxidized pellets, including compressive strength, reduction, and softening–melting behaviors, were systematically investigated.Mineralogical structures, elemental distribution, and pore size distribution were varied to analyze the mechanism of the effects.The results show that with an increase in SiO₂ content from 3.51 wt%to 7.18 wt%, compressive strength decreases from 3150 N/pellet to 2100 N/pellet and reducibility decreases from 76.5% to 71.4%.The microstructure showed that pellets with high SiO₂ content contained more magnetite in the mineralogical structures.Additionally, some liquid phases appeared, which hindered the continuous crystallization of hematite.Also, the softening–melting properties of the pellets clearly deteriorated as the SiO₂ content increased.With increasing SiO₂ content, the temperature range of the softening–melting zone decreased, and the maximum differential pressure and the comprehensive permeability index increased significantly.When acid oxidized pellets are used as the raw materials for blast furnace smelting, it should be combined with high basicity sinters to improve the softening–melting behaviors of the comprehensive charge.     

多孔结构对Vero White型光敏树脂力学性能的影响

多孔结构设计是影响使用性能的主要因素之一,优化多孔结构是减少质量的重要途径.利用静力学仿真分析不同板材内部结构力学性能的变化规律及特点.采用以色列Objet Eden250光固化设备,对Vero White型光敏树脂进行不同结构光固化成型,利用AG-Xplus电子万能试验机测试了试样抗压性能,并与仿真结果对比.研究结果表明,多孔结构的抗压强度随着孔隙率的升高而降低,不同结构的多孔结构的抗压强度的变化范围在15～70 MPa.蜂窝状结构的性能优于六面体结构,六面体结构优于八面体结构.研究结果与理论结果基本一致,为多孔结构在增材制造的成功应用提供了理论依据和实验依据.     

Maxwell's role in turning the concept of model into the methodology of modeling

This is a contribution towards a history and philosophy of modeling in its early stages in electromagnetism. In 1873, James Clerk Maxwell (1831–1879) hinted at the methodology of modeling at the end of his Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism. We focus on Maxwell's impact on physicists who immediately followed him, specifically Oliver Lodge (1851–1940) and George Francis FitzGerald (1851–1901). We begin with the role that the scientific concept of model played in the late nineteenth century, as assessed by Ludwig Boltzmann (1844–1906). We then discuss the role of hypothesis as a methodology, the appeal to (dynamical) illustration, and the way Maxwell applied model and working model in his studies of electromagnetism. We show that for Maxwell these key terms were kept distinct, but Lodge did not maintain these distinctions and, in this regard, FitzGerald followed Lodge. Notwithstanding Lodge's influence, Fitzgerald modified Maxwell's theory based on the mechanical model he designed, thereby implicitly taking the first step towards modeling. This methodology consists in drawing consequences from the (mechanical) model to the (electrodynamic) theory and modifying the latter in light of the functioning of the former. At the core of our argument is the thesis that it was a methodological novelty to move from the concept of model to the methodology of modeling. The introduction of modeling as a new methodology into physics in the late nineteenth century was a major event which deserves proper recognition.     

Zr-xNb-4Sn alloys with low Young’s modulus and magnetic susceptibility for biomedical implants

The microstructure, mechanical and magnetic properties of Zr–x (8, 9, 10, wt.%)Nb–4Sn alloys were investigated to obtain novel Zr-based alloy with low Young’s modulus and magnetic susceptibility for biomedical implants. After homogenization annealing, hot forging and solution annealing, Zr–8Nb–4Sn, Zr–9Nb–4Sn and Zr–10Nb–4Sn alloys were composed of β+α″ phase, β+α″ phase, β+ω phase, respectively. The temperature at which the α" and ω phase were transformed into β phase during the heating process was about 200 ​°C, and the phase transformation temperature decreased with the increase of Nb element. Among all the Zr–x (x ​= ​8,9,10)Nb–4Sn(wt.%) alloys, Zr–9Nb–4Sn alloy had the lowest Young's modulus of 46.6 ​GPa and the low magnetic susceptibility of 1.294 ​× ​10⁻⁶ cm³g⁻¹, which has a good application prospect for biomedical applications.     

一类离散左定Sturm-Liouville问题的谱

考虑了边界条件依赖特征参数的一类离散左定Sturm-Liouville问题的谱,得到了特征值的交错性以及特征函数的振荡性。     

激光快速成型TC4合金显微组织及力学性能

采用金相显微镜、扫描电镜、电子拉伸机等，研究了激光快速成型TC4合金沉积态在平行沉积方向和垂直沉积方向的组织和力学性能.结果表明:激光快速成型TC4合金沉积态宏观组织沿沉积方向生长的粗大β柱状晶呈明暗相间的条带状结构，具备典型的魏氏组织特征;垂直沉积方向的强度比平行沉积方向的强度高，但塑性低;合金断口为韧窝状断口，垂直沉积方向的断口韧窝尺寸比平行沉积方向的小.     

云南老厂矿区煤层气地质条件

在分析矿区地质条件、煤岩及煤储层特征的基础上,探讨研究区煤层气地质条件.结果表明:老厂矿区龙潭组和长兴组含煤性好,煤层厚度大并且分布稳定,煤质以无烟煤为主,生烃量大,生烃能力强;煤岩组分稳定,镜质组含量高,对甲烷吸附性强;煤层孔隙度较低,渗透率中等;解吸率和储层压力偏高,中等含气性,含气量在6.02 ～ 18.95 m3/t.研究区构造类型和水文地质条件相对简单,围岩封盖及地下水封堵作用强,利于煤层气的富集成藏.综合分析认为,老厂矿区属中型富甲烷煤层气目标区,煤层气成藏地质条件优越,煤层气资源丰富,开采条件优越.     

在高压下CrB4 的结构和电子性质的第一性原理计算

该论文对新合成超硬材料CrB4 的结构和电子性质从0 GPa到100 GPa的压力范围内，采用密度泛函理论下的第一性原理计算进行了详细的理论研究. 在零压力下的结果与现有的理论和实验值吻合得很好. 计算了CrB4 的结构，键长，B–B、Cr–B键的Mulliken重叠布居，态密度（DOS）和PDOS等随压力的依赖，并进行了讨论. 计算出的结构性质随压力的依赖表明，结构参数和CrB4 共价键对压力不敏感，有力地支持了CrB4化合物的高硬度是来自于B–B笼这一特点.