How uncertainty can save measurement from circularity and holism

Measurement results depend upon assumptions, and some of those assumptions are theoretical in character. This paper examines particle physics measurements in which a measurement result depends upon a type of assumption for which that very same result may be evidentially relevant, thus raising a worry about potential circularity in argumentation. We demonstrate how the practice of evaluating measurement uncertainty serves to render any such evidential circularity epistemically benign. Our analysis shows how the evaluation and deployment of uncertainty evaluation constitutes an in practice solution to a particular form of Duhemian underdetermination that improves upon Duhem's vague notion of “good sense,” avoids holism, and reconciles theory dependence of measurement with piecemeal hypothesis testing.     

气垫导轨上瞬时速度的测量与修正

通过对气垫导轨上运动滑块瞬时速度测量方法的研究,揭示测速原理的本质,即无限取微逐渐逼近的方法。并对此方法带来的系统误差进行相应的说明和修正。     

A structural interpretation of measurement and some related epistemological issues

Measurement is widely applied because its results are assumed to be more reliable than opinions and guesses, but this reliability is sometimes justified in a stereotyped way. After a critical analysis of such stereotypes, a structural characterization of measurement is proposed, as partly empirical and partly theoretical process, by showing that it is in fact the structure of the process that guarantees the reliability of its results. On this basis the role and the structure of background knowledge in measurement and the justification of the conditions of object-relatedness (“objectivity”) and subject-independence (“intersubjectivity”) of measurement are specifically discussed.     

高动态捷联姿态测量的改进型圆锥误差补偿算法研究

高动态条件下,传统圆锥补偿算法存在不可交换性误差。为抑制圆锥误差,提出了基于角速率输出的等效旋转矢量三子样二次迭代优化算法;并采用修正型罗德里格斯参数进行更新,推导了相应的圆锥补偿算法方程和表达式。在不同圆锥运动频率下和不同更新频率下,仿真验证得出了改进算法在精度和稳定性方面均较四元数法、三子样算法均有提高。实测结果表明,改进算法受圆锥半角、圆锥运动频率的影响较小,在高动态条件下较传统算法性能更优。     

基于四连杆机构的起落架缓冲器行程测量方法

针对小型飞机起落架缓冲支柱行程测试提出了一种测量方法。利用四连杆机构将位移变量转化为角度变量,通过标定试验得到角位移和行程的对应关系;再将实测得到的角位移代入标定方程,即得到实测的缓冲支柱压缩行程。经验证,该方法可以得到满足精度要求的结果;并已成功应用于某型飞机起落架缓冲支柱压缩行程的实测试验。     

变电站运行设备测温技术综述及分析

近几年来,电力作为国民经济的大动脉,供电系统的可靠运行成为了电力设备运维部门的首要任务,而发热故障一直是设备运行管理过程中的重点和难点,因此变电站运行设备温度的实时测量是长期未解决的难题。从变电站运行维护的工作实际出发,论述了国内电力系统高压带电设备温度测量的现状和存在的问题,综述了国内当前主要采用的运行设备的温度测量方法,分析了各自存在的优缺点,结合现场实际进行了初步的探讨,并对变电站运行设备测温技术进行了展望。     

热电材料的电学性能测试装置研制

介绍一种能够测量材料的温差电动势率和电导率的装置．     

状态监控系统在压缩机上的应用

大型压缩机的稳定安全运行,关系到整套装置的安全生产,因此对压缩机运动状态的参数进行测量和监视显得尤为重要,本文主要研究了压缩机状态监控系统原理以及bently3500在氯碱行业中压缩机上的应用.     

薄凹透镜焦距测定的探究实验

首先介绍了一种经典物距像距法测定薄凹透镜焦距的实验方法,并由交换透镜位置出现的偶然现象设计新的测定方法,推导出该方法的测量公式并进行可行性检验,分析了两种方法的优劣,最后对两种实验不同的现象进行分析,由理论验证实验现象。