辛夷芳香性双四氢呋喃成分研究

为阐明辛夷药材中芳香性双四氢呋喃化学成分,采用溶剂萃取、高速逆流分段、大孔树脂和半制备高效液相色谱分离和纯化,得到了4个高纯度芳香性双四氢呋喃木脂素单体化合物.通过1H NMR、13C NMR、MS等现代波谱学方法分别鉴定为:松脂醇二甲醚(1),木兰脂素(2),里立脂素B二甲醚(3),epimagnolin B(4).辛夷芳香性成分的鉴定为其在医药、食品工业中的应用提供了更好的理论依据.     

Morphology of Eogystia sibirica (Alphéraky) (Lepidoptera: Cossidae) attacking Asparagus officinalis in northern China with descriptions of its immature stages

The carpenter moth Eogystia sibirica (Alphéraky) (Lepidoptera: Cossidae) is a serious pest of the garden asparagus Asparagus officinalis (family Liliaceae) in northern China, with its larvae boring in the stem and roots, frequently causing significant damage to the plant. All the life stages of the pest, including egg, larva, pupa and adult, are described and illustrated in detail. The ovoid egg is covered with a reticulate meshwork of ridges on the chorion. The eruciform larva possesses only three stemmata on each side of the head; the reduced abdominal prolegs on segments III–VI each bear 35–55 uniordinal crochets arranged in two transverse bands; the short anal prolegs each bear five to seven uniordinal crochets in a transverse band. The pupa is adecticous and obtect, without cremaster. The reduction of larval stemmata and the invagination of the adult pterosterna are briefly discussed.     

基于网络药理学研究厚朴-杏仁治疗哮喘的潜在作用机制

本研究采用网络药理学方法分析厚朴-杏仁配伍治疗哮喘的潜在作用机制。通过BATMAN-TCM数据库检索厚朴、杏仁的中药化学成分及靶标信息，PALM-IST数据库搜索疾病靶标信息，string数据库构建靶标的蛋白质相互作用网络，利用Cytoscape v3.5.1对药物靶标相互作用进行可视化分析，DAVID数据库和Cytoscape v3.5.1的ClueGO+CluePedia插件对药物关键靶标进行GO生物功能富集分析和KEGG信号通路富集分析。共检索到厚朴-杏仁化合物51个，靶标435个，哮喘疾病相关靶标415个，进而分析得到药物治疗疾病关键靶标14个，包括肿瘤坏死因子、过氧化氢酶、白介素13、β2肾上腺素能受体等；GO基因功能分析主要涉及应激反应调控、先天性免疫反应调控、防御反应、急性炎症反应、刺激反应、凝血止血调节、自我内稳定、活性氧代谢过程等生物过程；KEGG分析主要参与NF-κB、IL-17、FcεRI、Toll受体及FoxO等信号通路。厚朴-杏仁能通过多个靶点、多种途径、多条通路对哮喘的气道慢性炎症、气道重塑和气道高反应起潜在治疗作用。     

厚朴果实中厚朴酚、和厚朴酚的提取工艺比较

目的：测定厚朴果实中厚朴酚、和厚朴酚的含量,并对厚朴果实中酚类成分的提取方法进行探索和优化,为厚朴果实入药提供依据和参考。方法用醇提法、碱提法和超声辅助提取法提取厚朴果实中的酚类成分,采用薄层扫描法测定其中的厚朴酚、和厚朴酚的含量;并采用控制单一变量法优化乙醇提取工艺。结果厚朴果实中两种酚的含量是厚朴皮的1/4左右,提示厚朴果实具有入药的潜性;乙醇提取法的工艺优化结果显示最佳提取参数是60℃下、80%体积的乙醇提取三次（2、1.5、1 h）。结论醇提法、碱提法和超声提取法对酚类物质提取率没有显著影响,提示在选择提取方法时我们可以根据实际情况和成本来选择恰当的提取方法。     

天女木兰硬枝扦插繁殖初步研究

运用正交试验方法,对天女木兰进行硬枝扦插繁殖试验,结果表明,插穗类型是影响扦插生根的主要因素,扦插基质次之.最佳的组合结果:2 a生枝条作插穗、V(珍珠岩)∶V(草炭土)=1∶1为基质、200 mg/L ABT1生根粉浸根4 h.这种组合生根率达46.7%,生根效果最好.     

Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of essential oil from Magnolia grandiflora L. seed

The chemical composition and antioxidant activity of Magnolia grandiflora L.seed essential oil were examined.By combining gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS),16 types of compounds were identified,including 40.91% oxygen-containing terpene derivatives,19.51% terpenes,13.97% esters,13.05% nitrogenous compounds,and 3.64% acids.Its capability of removing hydroxyl free radical was lower than that of V c,but it was closer to V c with increasing concentration.In cell experiment,all essential oil concentration (6.9,13.8,27.7,55.5,111.0,and 222.0 g/mL) groups increased cell proliferation by 26% or more (26.0%,38.8%,44.8%,40.2%,35.8%,and 30.4%,respectively).In rat experiment,the SD rats group showed an at least 38% rise (38.62%,61.68%,and 62.86%,respectively) in glutathione-peroxisome (GSH-Px)activity,which is more than 24% reduction (29.56%,24.30%,and 36.93%) in malondialdehyde (MDA) content,and no significant difference in SOD activity was found.The results show that the essential oil had strong antioxidant activity,without dose effect within the concentration range.     

石刁柏愈伤组织类型与形态发生的关系

石刁柏愈伤组织形成和发育可分为5个时期：细胞启动期，细胞分裂期，细胞分化期，形态发生期和衰退老化期，根据愈伤组织中分生细胞的分布状况可将愈伤组织分为6种类型，每类愈伤组织均有不同的形态发生能力，第2类愈伤组织芽分化频率较高，第4类愈伤组织根分化频率较高，第6类愈伤组织胚状体分化频率较高。