基于潜在类别条件Logit模型的机舱座位选择行为

为向旅客推送精细化座位推荐服务,通过潜在类别条件logit模型探究了旅客座位偏好及座位效用差异。首先运用解释结构模型筛选出影响旅客选座的关键因素；其次对旅客及其选择偏好进行RP-SP调查,运用潜在类别条件Logit模型划分旅客类别,进一步探究不同因素对旅客类别的影响程度；最后构建不同类别旅客机舱座位效用函数,根据效用最大化原则判断旅客选择行为。结果表明,旅客在机舱座位选择行为上存在异质性,旅客被划分为三个类别：class1占比38.8%,倾向于选择第一排或紧急通道排的过道位置；class2占比39.8%,倾向于选择靠窗座位；class3占比21.4%,倾向于过道位置。研究将为航空公司进行座位管理及制定座位附加服务费提供理论及决策支持。     

荷叶碱的分离纯化与HPLC检测

以荷叶为原料,研究了提取方法、提取溶剂的种类、浓度、pH、提取温度等对荷叶碱提取率的影响。采用强酸性苯乙烯系阳离子交换树脂、HPD-100大孔吸附树脂和硅胶柱层析的方法对荷叶碱进行了分离纯化,并用TLC法、紫外光谱法、红外光谱法以及高效液相色谱法对实验结果进行了检测。结果表明,pH为2.0的50%乙醇水浴回流法适于荷叶碱的提取,阳离子交换树脂和硅胶柱层析组合技术可分离纯化得到纯度为94.15%的荷叶碱。     

Improving the photocatalytic activity of graphitic carbon nitride by thermal treatment in a high-pressure hydrogen atmosphere

Extending visible light absorption range and suppressing the recombination of photogenerated charge carriers are always important topics in developing efficient solar-driven photocatalysts. In this study, the thermal treatment process at 400 °C in a high-pressure hydrogen atmosphere was applied to modify graphitic carbon nitride. Compared to the normal atmospheric hydrogen treatment process, this process has the merit of producing nitrogen deficient graphitic carbon nitride in high-yield. The optimal photocatalytic activity of modified graphitic carbon nitride was demonstrated by controlling the treatment duration in the hydrogen atmosphere.The changes in the crystal structure, microstructure and optical properties of carbon nitrides were investigated by several characterizations. The relationship between the photocatalytic activity and structures of graphitic carbon nitride was preliminarily established. The results obtained in this study could provide some new ways of improving the activity of graphitic carbon nitride based photocatalyst.     

I ain’t afraid of no ghost

This paper criticizes the traditional philosophical account of the quantization of gauge theories and offers an alternative. On the received view, gauge theories resist quantization because they feature distinct mathematical representatives of the same physical state of affairs. This resistance is overcome by a sequence of ad hoc modifications, justified in part by reference to semiclassical electrodynamics. Among other things, these modifications introduce ”ghosts”: particles with unphysical properties which do not appear in asymptotic states and which are said to be purely a notational convenience. I argue that this sequence of modifications is unjustified and inadequate, making it a poor basis for the interpretation of ghosts. I then argue that gauge theories can be quantized by the same method as any other theory. On this account, ghosts are not purely notation: they are coordinates on the classical configuration space of the theory—specifically, on its gauge structure. This interpretation does not fall prey to the standard philosophical arguments against the significance of ghosts, due to Weingard. Weingard’s argumentative strategy, properly applied, in fact tells in favor of ghosts’ physical significance.     

Effect of thermo-mechanical treatment on Ti–Ta-Hf high temperature shape memory alloy

The microstructure, martensitic transformation and mechanical/functional properties of Ti–Ta-Hf alloys with various thermo-mechanical treatments were investigated. The results reveal that the hot-rolling could refine the grain size and introduce a certain number of defects, resulting in the disappearance of martensitic transformation. The as-casted and solution treated Ti–Ta-Hf alloys were composed of α'' martensite phase and smaller volume of β phase. In contrast, the grain size of solution treated Ti–Ta-Hf alloy was slightly less than that of as-casted Ti–Ta-Hf alloy. This should be responsible to the higher yield stress and superior strain recovery characteristics for solution treated Ti–Ta-Hf alloy. The yield stress for the dislocation slip and the maximum recoverable strain of solution treated Ti–Ta-Hf alloy were 723 ​MPa and 5.06%, respectively.     

解体运输式特高压变压器潜油泵故障分析

1 000 kV晋中站1#主变是世界首台解体运输式特高压变压器,在系统调试期间变压器本体产生乙炔且不断增大,初期认为油箱上下节打火引起放电,但结合潜油泵启停情况以及备用相试运行分析,判断为潜油泵故障。为此,通过搭设试验平台,进一步验证了14 m扬程潜油泵是引起乙炔增加的主要原因,而同样条件下,11 m扬程潜油泵未产生乙炔。最后,对11 m和14 m扬程的潜油泵进行变压器温升计算,发现二者均能满足要求,建议采用11 m扬程潜油泵进行技术改造。     

竞争情况下零售商的产品组合决策研究

本文研究了市场竞争情况下两个零售商横向差异产品组合决策,基于multinominal logit(MNL)模型刻画消费者选择行为并建立基本模型,得到市场相互独立时的最优产品组合.将市场竞争情况下的产品组合决策细分为四种情形并研究了零售商进入市场顺序的影响,对比了市场相互独立与竞争情况下的结果.结果表明:市场竞争时的产品多样化程度不低于市场相互独立的情况;部分产品存在两个零售商的利润空间是零售商选择重复产品必要条件;市场相互独立时的最优解外的产品有利可图是产品多样化程度高于市场相互独立情况的必要条件;零售商进入市场存在先后顺序时,信息不对称不影响均衡结果.     

在高压下CrB4 的结构和电子性质的第一性原理计算

该论文对新合成超硬材料CrB4 的结构和电子性质从0 GPa到100 GPa的压力范围内，采用密度泛函理论下的第一性原理计算进行了详细的理论研究. 在零压力下的结果与现有的理论和实验值吻合得很好. 计算了CrB4 的结构，键长，B–B、Cr–B键的Mulliken重叠布居，态密度（DOS）和PDOS等随压力的依赖，并进行了讨论. 计算出的结构性质随压力的依赖表明，结构参数和CrB4 共价键对压力不敏感，有力地支持了CrB4化合物的高硬度是来自于B–B笼这一特点.     

不同农药残留标准下家庭农场种植行为选择

文章建立了政府与家庭农场农户之间的博弈模型,探讨在不同农药残留标准下政府如何对生态种植行为进行激励.研究表明,在宽松的农药残留标准下,政府可通过征收农药税等方式提高农药成本来激励农户选择生态种植,生态补贴及超标罚款的效果不明显;在严格的农药残留标准下,当农产品抽查难度较大时,政府可选择降低检查概率,同时大幅度提高农药价格来增加农户使用生态种植的动机;当政府对农药成本控制力较低或农药价格增量的边际效益较小时,政府应提高其检查概率,同时提高对于农药残留超标的罚款及生态种植的补贴来激励农户使用生态种植.     

有界导出范畴的描述

利用预覆盖类描述Abel范畴A的有界导出范畴Db(A),并给出相应的应用.结果表明,模范畴的有界导出范畴可用Gorenstein平坦模和余挠对描述.