江西会昌盆地埃达克质粗面岩年代学、地球化学与成因研究

江西是华南白垩纪红色碎屑沉积岩系最发育的地区之一,且常夹有火山岩层。会昌岽背村一带红色沉积岩系底部的火山岩具有较高Si O2和Al2O3,较低的Mg O,Si O2=59.0%~64.6%(平均61.9%),Al2O3=15.5%~18.9(平均17.7%),Mg O=0.28%~0.92%(平均0.55%);富碱和钠,(Na2O+K2O)=7.19%~10.1%(平均9.70%),Na2O=6.50%~7.70%(平均7.03%),在Si O2-(Na2O+K2O)图解上落入碱性系列粗面岩或粗面英安岩范围;CIPW计算结果显示,标准矿物Ab=57.2%~65.7(平均60.5%),Q=6.07%~14.7%(平均9.95%),小于20%,属粗面岩。稀土总量较低,轻稀土明显富集,重稀土强烈亏损,Eu负异常不明显,∑REE=114×10-6~168×10-6,∑LREE=101×10-6~148×10-6,∑HREE=14.9×10-6~19.6×10-6,∑LREE/∑HREE=6.54~7.52,(La/Yb)N=24.9~34.2(平均27.4),δEu=0.81~1.10(平均0.98%),在稀土曲线图上呈明显的右倾,具高压型粗面岩的特征。较低的Y和Yb含量,较高的Sr含量和Sr/Y比值,Y=8.99×10-6~11.7×10-6(平均10.8×10-6),Yb=0.55×10-6~0.82×10-6(平均0.7×10-6),Sr=329×10-6~836×10-6(平均498×10-6),Sr/Y=36.5~71.8(平均48.2),具有埃达克岩的特征;在不相容元素蛛网图上显示富集大离子亲石元素(Cs,Rb,Ba,K等元素),强烈亏损高场强元素(Ta、Nd),具壳源的特征。较低的(87Sr/86Sr)i值、较高的εNd(t)和较小的TDM2值,(87Sr/86Sr)i=0.7074~0.7082(平均0.7077),εNd(t)=-1.99~-2.60(平均-2.29),TDM2=1 071 Ma~1 120 Ma(平均1094 Ma),具年轻下地壳部分熔融产物的特征。SHRIMP锆石U-Pb测年结果显示,14个分析点的206Pb/238U年龄变化范围为(114~108)Ma,加权平均年龄为(110.7±1.0)Ma,MSWD=0.47,指示地质时代属早白垩世晚期。上述特征显示,会昌岽背村一带红色沉积岩系底部的火山岩为早白垩世晚期加厚地壳背景下年轻下地壳部分熔融形成的埃达克质粗面岩。     

滨里海盆地北特鲁瓦油田上石炭统碳酸盐岩沉积相研究与有利储层预测

北特鲁瓦油田是近年来在滨里海盆地东缘发现的大型油气田,石炭系碳酸盐岩是最重要的含油层系。通过岩心、测录井资料分析,以及大量薄片及扫描电镜微观观察,认为北特鲁瓦油田上石炭统碳酸盐岩地层属于碳酸盐岩台地相沉积,可进一步分为蒸发台地、局限台地、开阔台地3个亚相;以及膏岩坪、白云坪、潟湖等7个微相,各沉积微相的特征显著。剖面及平面上沉积演化分析表明,上石炭统沉积时期处于一个海平面逐渐下降的过程,在Б2时期,研究区全部为开阔台地亚相;到A2时期,研究区大部分为蒸发台地、局限台地亚相。通过总结平面上各微相分布规律,建立了适宜北特鲁瓦油田的碳酸盐岩沉积模式。通过微观孔隙类型及特征分析,结合沉积微相研究,发现局限台地内的白云坪微相及开阔台地内的台地滩微相储集物性最好,其内发育的粉晶生屑云岩、晶粒云岩及亮晶颗粒灰岩、生物格架灰岩是油田最有利的储集层。上述研究成果将为油田后续的评价开发提供新的地质依据。     

鄂尔多斯盆地晚三叠世最大湖泛泥岩分布特征

目的探究鄂尔多斯盆地晚三叠世层序中最大湖泛泥岩的分布特征及其石油地质意义,以便更好地进行油气田勘探。方法根据区域地质调查、测井、岩心和野外典型剖面的观察及地球化学资料,并运用层序地层学原理进行分析。结果最大湖泛泥岩的分布受湖盆底部形态的控制呈现区域性变化,该套湖泛泥岩是鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组层序中最好的一套优质烃源岩。结论最大湖泛泥岩的展布对油气运移和富集具有一定的控制作用。     

内蒙古苏尼特右旗查干诺尔石炭系本巴图组火山岩地球化学特征及其地质意义

内蒙古查干诺尔地区石炭系本巴图组地层的火山岩,SiO2含量集中分布在48.20%～51.11%和64.66%～65.42%两个区间,分别属于玄武岩和英安岩,构成一套双峰式火山岩组合.其中基性火山岩具有枕状和块状构造,属于碱性玄武岩系列;英安岩的碱含量较高,属于钙碱性系列.基性火山岩中,枕状玄武岩轻稀土略亏损而重稀土略富...     

川东沙坪场气田石炭系储集层特征及预测

沙坪场气田石炭系黄龙组主要储集空间为孔隙和裂缝,属于低孔低渗型储层,裂缝发育程度决定着低渗储层的渗流和产出能力,裂缝在改善储层渗透率方面发挥着重要的作用。以测井信息为基础,利用神经网络算法对该区未取芯井储层的孔隙度、渗透率、含水饱和度参数及裂缝发育程度进行了预测。使用误差统计法对储层参数预测模型效果进行评价,其预测效果满足本区所需储层参数计算的精度要求。证明了神经网络算法是在测井信息较少的情况下预测储层物性的有效手段,也为其他地区储层预测研究提供了参考。     

晚清中韩关系走向近代外交的历程

中朝传统的宗藩关系随着甲午战争清政府的失败而告终,尽管朝鲜的独立自主是短暂的,但中韩关系还是开始了向近代外交的迈进。这一变化,从清政府驻韩使节的变化就可以得到印证。     

Evidence of fire use of late Pleistocene humans from the Huanglong Cave, Hubei Province, China

Since 2004, three excavations have been carried out at a late Pleistocene human fossil site of Huanglong Cave in Yunxi County, Hubei Province of China, which unearthed seven human teeth, dozens of stone tools, mammal fossils and other evidence indicating human activities. During the third excavation in 2006, in the same layer as the human teeth, we found some patches of black materials embedded in the deposit. We doubted that this black deposit layer is the remains of burning or even human use of fire at the cave. To further explore the possibility of human fire use at the Huanglong Cave, we examined samples directly taken from the black deposit layer and compared them with samples taken from several places in the cave using three methods: micromorphology, element content determination and deposit temperature analysis. Our results indicate that the contents of carbon element in the black deposit reach 64.59%―73.29%. In contrast, contents of carbon element of the comparative samples from other parts in the cave are only 5.82%―9.49%. The micromorphology analysis of the black deposit samples reveals a plant structure like axial parenchyma, fibrocyte, uniseriate ray and vessel. High-temperature magnetic susceptibility measurements suggest that the stratum possibly underwent a high temperature in the nature. Based on these lab analyses, we are sure that the black layer in the Huanglong Cave is the remains of fire and combustion did occur in the cave 100000 years ago. Taking other evidence of human activities found in the Huanglong Cave into consideration, we believe that the evidence of fire from the Huanglong Cave was caused by the human activities of controlled use of fire.     

冀北凤山晚古生代闪长岩-花岗质岩石的成因:岩石地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学及Hf同位素制约

冀北凤山地区侵位于前寒武纪岩石组合中的晚古生代的闪长岩-花岗质岩石,具有富Na,高Sr,低Y和重稀土元素等地球化学特征,Sr/Y在37.15～151.22之间变化,绝大多数样品均显示正Eu异常(一个样品例外),Eu·在0.92～1.53之间变化.LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素测年和锆石Hf同位素分析表明闪长岩(JB6024)和二长花岗岩(样品JB6037-1)分别形成于315±2.8Ma和306.6±6Ma,即该区晚古生代存在两个岩浆作用幕.地球化学、全岩Sr-Nd同位素和锆石Hf同位素研究揭示凤山晚古生代闪长岩是EMI型富集岩石圈地幔部分熔融形成的岩浆与古老下地壳部分熔融形成的长英质岩浆混合作用结果,而花岗质岩石则是闪长质岩浆发生分离结晶作用的残余岩浆同化上部地壳岩石形成的.     

Fossil Orangutan-like hominoid teeth from Late Pleistocene human site of Mulanshan cave in Chongzuo of Guangxi and implications on taxonomy and evolution of orangutan

Fossil records indicate orangutan-like hominoids have been widely distributed in south China during Pleistocene, although currently only surviving in the tropical forests of Kalimantan and Sumatra in Indonesia. This paper describes the recently discovered hominoid fossil teeth from human site of Mulanshan cave in Chongzuo of Guangxi, whose geological age is the Late Pleistocene, about 11000 yeas age based on associated mammal fauna and U-series dating. Compared with those of modern and subfossil orangutans from Indonesia, other fossil great apes from China, the hominoid teeth from Mulanshan cave are orangutan-like, but show somehow different from Indonesia＇s orangutans, the average sizes of cheek teeth larger and occlusal enamel wrinkles less and simpler. They are classified temporarily as the subspecies of Pongo pygmaeus weidenreichi. Concerning the variations of morphological features and dental sizes of orangutan-like teeth from southern China and neighboring northern Vietnam, different subspecies or species or genus possibly, but the key evidence is necessary to be identified.     

论载泽对宪政知识的储备和应用

载泽是满族亲贵集团中的重要成员。在清末立宪运动中，载泽曾奉命出国考察宪政，建议慈禧太后早日实行君主立宪，以中兴国运。宣统时期，载泽又转而反对立宪，明显保留意见。载泽在宪政问题上的前后变化实际上反映统治危机向皇室集团内部延伸的现象。年龄结构以青壮为主的满族亲贵集团最终在重重危机中退出历史舞台。