荷叶碱的分离纯化与HPLC检测

以荷叶为原料,研究了提取方法、提取溶剂的种类、浓度、pH、提取温度等对荷叶碱提取率的影响。采用强酸性苯乙烯系阳离子交换树脂、HPD-100大孔吸附树脂和硅胶柱层析的方法对荷叶碱进行了分离纯化,并用TLC法、紫外光谱法、红外光谱法以及高效液相色谱法对实验结果进行了检测。结果表明,pH为2.0的50%乙醇水浴回流法适于荷叶碱的提取,阳离子交换树脂和硅胶柱层析组合技术可分离纯化得到纯度为94.15%的荷叶碱。     

基于层次分析法的贵州玉舍国家森林公园休养地适宜度评价

【目的】从层次分析角度对贵州玉舍国家森林公园休养地适宜度进行综合评价,分析玉舍森林公园开发康养旅游的资源潜力。【方法】基于森林公园宏观环境,构建森林资源康养利用价值、休养地建设可利用条件为项目层的森林公园休养地适宜度评价指标体系,利用层次分析法确定指标权重和指标评分标准,建立休养地适宜度的综合计算模型,划分适宜度等级标准,对玉舍国家森林公园休养地适宜度进行综合评价。【结果】玉舍国家森林公园休养地适宜度评价体系中,项目层评价得分与权重值得分高低顺序保持一致,休养地适宜度评价总分值为85.228 6,处于康养旅游开发的4级水平,具有较高的休养地适宜度,但也存在资源未开发、配套设施不齐全等劣势指标。【结论】玉舍国家森林公园康养旅游开发价值较高,可通过建设休养地,完善内部设施;兼顾生态、经济、社会效益,综合利用森林资源。     

A new genus and two new species of Pudeoniscidae Lemos de Castro 1973 (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea) from Brazil

To date, the family Pudeoniscidae includes six species and three genera, Pudeoniscus, Brasiloniscus and Iansaoniscus, with distributions restricted to Brazil. Here, we redefine the family Pudeoniscidae based on the discovery of a new genus and two new species, Oxossioniscus pataxo sp. nov. and Oxossioniscus akoko sp. nov., from the Brazilian Atlantic forest in the state of Bahia, and on the examination of Pudeoniscus birabeni and Pudeoniscus obscurus. Moreover, P. obscurus is re-described and new records are provided for P. birabeni.

http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:A0123730-C623-49CE-8665-AE17FDDF994A.     

Historical review and redescription of three poorly known species of the catfish genus Trichomycterus from south-eastern Brazil (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae)

ABSTRACT

This study is primarily directed to the most poorly known species of the genus Trichomycterus, comprising five nominal species (T. florensis, T. immaculatus, T. nigricans, T. paquequerensis and T. santaeritae) endemic to south-eastern Brazil. One of them, T. nigricans, is the type species of the genus, involved in taxonomic problems for over 150 years. A detailed historical review, accompanied by examination of type specimens and recent collections, revealed that the correct type locality of T. nigricans is in the vicinity of Rio de Janeiro, not Santa Catarina as commonly appears in the literature; specimens previously misidentified as T. nigricans from Santa Catarina belong to a possibly undescribed species of the genus Cambeva; T. paquequerensis is a synonym of T. immaculatus, and T. florensis is a synonym of T. santaeritae; and the hypothesis that T. santaeritae is closely related to the Amazon Sarcoglanidinae is refuted. The three valid species are redescribed. These species are members of a clade also including T. caipora that is highly supported by molecular data, diagnosed by a pronounced posterior maxillary process and caudal fin emarginate at least in larger specimens. A subclade comprising T. caipora, T. nigricans and T. santaeritae is diagnosed by a long maxilla and a bifid anterior extremity of hypobranchial 3.     

认知和心智的边界——当代认知系统研究概观

传统认知主义不自觉地以为发生在头脑中的认知过程对整个认知任务的认知实现是充分的。然而,随着认知任务的难度和复杂性的增加,人们开始意识到认知任务的实现须依赖更广泛的系统条件;这使得系统性成为20世纪50年代以来认知研究的一个基本维度,并因此引发了关于心智和认知的本性及其边界的广泛的争论。     

关帝山国有林管理局种苗业发展思路初探

通过分析关帝山国有林管理局种苗发展的现状、存在的问题,并结合当前形势提出了关帝山国有林管理局种苗发展思路。     

射频微机电并联电容式开关的参数性能分析

射频微电子机械系统RF MEMS开关的高隔离度与低插入损耗特性,同开关自身的结构参数密切相关。为了得到更好的开关性能,在设计过程中有必要对射频MEMS开关的相关参数进行优化。本文用ADS和HFSS仿真设计软件,对射频MEMS并联电容式开关的微波特性进行了分析和仿真,研究了MEMS开关的等效电路参数和结构参数的变化对RF MEMS开关微波特性的影响。仿真结果表明:等效电容参数和MEMS开关桥宽度是影响开关性能的关键参数,当开关的等效电容参数增加20 pF,或MEMS桥的宽度增加40μm时,RF MEMS开关的插入损耗则可能增加10 dB以上。     

浙江瑞安红双林场种子植物区系分析

统计分析了瑞安红双林场种子植物区系组成以及属的分布区类型．该区共有种子植物124科，454属，909种（含种下分类群）．种子植物454属可归纳为14个分布区类型，其中以泛热带分布为最多，达24．6％，其次是北温带分布和东亚分布，分别达16．1％和13．3％．红双林场种子植物种类较丰富，区系起源古老，分布类型多样，地理成分复杂，在生物多样性保护中有重要地位．     

The first Leptanilloides species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Leptanilloidinae) from eastern South America

We describe a species of the exclusively Neotropical dorylomorph ant genus Leptanilloides (Leptanilloidinae), Leptanilloides atlantica sp. nov., based on workers collected in the Atlantic Forest, São Paulo, south-eastern Brazil. The 11 species of Leptanilloides described are known from relatively high altitudes in western America (from the Andes foothills in Bolivia to Sierra Morena in Mexico). The discovery of a Leptanilloides species in south-eastern Brazil represents a significant range extension for the genus; this new species shares characters with Leptanilloides biconstricta (Bolivia), Leptanilloides femoralis (Venezuela) and Leptanilloides gracilis (Mexico) and may be distinguished based on a combination of traits. The hypogaeic habits of Leptanilloidinae combined with inefficient collecting techniques may explain the paucity of information and of specimens of this group in most museum collections as well as its present apparent disjunct distribution. We compare Leptanilloides distribution to that of other organisms that show similar disjunct patterns in the Andes and montane sites in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:E7E334AA-58C0-455D-A0A6-724D29226DD0