Re-situating fieldwork and re-narrating disciplinary history in global mega-geomorphology

In 1985, more than thirty geomorphologists, planetary scientists, and remote sensing specialists gathered at a conference center in Oracle, Arizona, to discuss an emerging area of research that they called “mega-geomorphology.” Building on a conference of the same name held in London in 1981, they argued that new techniques of remote sensing and insights emerging from the study of extraterrestrial planets had created opportunities for geomorphology to broaden its spatial and temporal scope. This new approach was, however, neither unproblematic nor uncontested. In the discussions around mega-geomorphology that took place in the mid-1980s, the perceived conflict between the use of remote-sensing techniques to observe phenomena on vast spatial scales, on one hand, and the disciplinary centrality of fieldwork and field experience to geomorphology, on the other, was a recurrent theme. In response, mega-geomorphologists attempted to re-situate fieldwork and re-narrate disciplinary histories in such a way as to make remote sensing and planetary science not only compatible with geomorphological traditions but also means of revitalizing them. Only partially successful, these attempts reveal that the process of adopting a planetary perspective in geomorphology, as in other earth sciences, was neither straightforward nor inevitable. They also show how the field and fieldwork could remain central to geomorphology while also being extensively revised in light of new technical possibilities and theoretical frameworks.     

滤网对颗粒捕集过程的微观实验

由于滤网具有良好的颗粒捕集性能而被广泛应用于工业或民用领域,但对其微观捕集机理研究尚且有限.本文通过建立一套显微观测系统真实记录滤网捕集颗粒的全过程,研究其在捕集颗粒过程中的微观表现,分析影响单纤维过滤及滤网网孔架桥堵塞的影响因素.结果表明随着过滤风速的减小,滤网的未堵塞孔面积与孔总面积之比逐渐降低,且最终会出现一个稳定状态;而随着滤网孔径的减小,该比值逐渐降低.在实际使用过程中应根据具体使用条件合理选择过滤风速和滤网孔径,对于长时间使用的滤网应及时清灰避免二次污染.     

芽殖酵母细胞周期过程不同时期的定量观测

在芽殖酵母中构建CDC10-mCherry和SPC42-mCherry荧光蛋白, 作为酵母细胞周期不同时期的报告系统。根据酵母细胞中芽环(CDC10-mCherry)的产生和消失以及纺锤体极体(SPC42-mCherry)的复制和分离,可以测量细胞周期中 G1期、S期、Early M期和Late M期的时间长度。在此报告系统的基础上, 分别构建S期细胞周期蛋白CLB5-GFP和M 期细胞周期蛋白CLB2-GFP菌株, 实现单细胞观测, 检验报告系统工作的稳定性和准确性。该报告系统可作为研究酵母细胞周期不同时期时间长度等定量生物学问题的背景菌株。     

海洋气象观测技术研发进展

 海洋覆盖地球70%以上的面积,由于没有陆地上布设气象观测站网的便利性,使得海上气象观测资料严重不足,难以支撑对海上和来自海上高影响天气过程的深入研究以及预报准确性的提高。为了加强海上气象观测能力的建设,本文对气象海洋卫星、大气探测飞机、岛屿气象站、海上浮漂和岸基雷达等观测平台及技术进行了综述,并对未来基于无人驾驶平台的智能海洋气象探测技术进行展望。     

BP神经网络在教学质量评价中的应用观察

人工神经网络是一种新技术,具有非线性处理、适应学习能力强等优势,BP神经网络是人工神经网络中的一种,具有极强的非线性处理能力.本文就人工神经网络和BP神经网络的相关概念进行分析,研究基于BP神经网络的教学质量评价体系,并对BP神经网络在教学质量评价中的应用进行探讨,以便建立完善的质量评价体系,促进教学质量的提高,推动高职院校的发展.     

厚松散层条件下地表移动观测站的设计和观测

本文针对一个具体工作面提出了观测站设计的一般原则和方法,介绍了观测站布设中应注意的问题,分析了地表移动观测站的观测内容及观测方法,为相关工程提供借鉴。     

The analysis of the Earth co-orbital motion of Chang’e-2 after asteroid flyby

After the Chang’e-2 spacecraft conducted a successful asteroid flyby,where is it flying to in interplanetary space?This question is answered via an introduction to the Chang’e-2’s flight trajectory after asteroid flyby that is termed Earth co-orbital motion.Based on preliminary analysis using the dynamical systems theory,Poincare′sections concept,and routine optimization techniques,it is now predicted that,from the point of view of orbital mechanics,Chang’e-2 is capable of returning to the vicinity of the Earth in no more than 20 a and might be recaptured by the Earth if appropriate orbital maneuvers are going to be exerted,either by itself or by another spacecraft that captures Chang’e-2.     

非正交部分追加试验设计数据处理的严格方法及应用

在正交数据基础上,讨论非正交数据处理问题,建立相应的数学模型,理论上运用缺落数据的方法给出部分追加试验设计的数据处理及分析的严格方法,并用实例加以验证.     

普林格尔治疗仪促进产后乳汁分泌的疗效观察

目的：观察普林格式治疗仪促进产后乳汁分泌的疗效。方法各选取100例产后30 d乳汁量少的产妇，一组接受普林格尔治疗仪治疗，称为观察组，一组只接受传统方法治疗，称为对照组，观察两组产妇乳汁量的变化。结果经过普林格尔治疗仪治疗和指导的观察组效果明显优于只接受传统方法治疗的对照组，差异具有显著性（p〈0.05）。结论普林格尔治疗仪有利于促进产妇产后的乳汁分泌，且操作简单、风险小、无副作用，值得推广。     

基于近似观测和最小熵约束的SAR稀疏自聚焦方法

当采样率较低以及重建散射点数量较多时, 基于两步优化的稀疏自聚焦方法收敛速度较慢且容易陷入误差较大的局部最优解, 导致自聚焦失败。针对此问题，提出了一种基于近似观测和最小熵约束的稀疏自聚焦方法。首先, 为解决测量矩阵规模大、内存占用高的问题, 构建了一种基于近似观测的稀疏自聚焦模型, 在聚焦图像的傅里叶变换域引入误差相位。然后, 在采用最大似然估计器估计误差相位时增加了最小熵约束, 同时采用相位梯度自聚焦法提供误差相位的初始解, 有效降低了迭代次数并使迭代结果更接近全局最优解。机载合成孔径雷达的实测数据成像结果表明, 与常规自聚焦方法相比, 所提方法具有更快的收敛速度和更稳定的自聚焦性能。