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排序方式: 共有1585条查询结果,搜索用时 16 毫秒
1.
以荷叶为原料,研究了提取方法、提取溶剂的种类、浓度、pH、提取温度等对荷叶碱提取率的影响。采用强酸性苯乙烯系阳离子交换树脂、HPD-100大孔吸附树脂和硅胶柱层析的方法对荷叶碱进行了分离纯化,并用TLC法、紫外光谱法、红外光谱法以及高效液相色谱法对实验结果进行了检测。结果表明,pH为2.0的50%乙醇水浴回流法适于荷叶碱的提取,阳离子交换树脂和硅胶柱层析组合技术可分离纯化得到纯度为94.15%的荷叶碱。  相似文献   
2.
Extending visible light absorption range and suppressing the recombination of photogenerated charge carriers are always important topics in developing efficient solar-driven photocatalysts. In this study, the thermal treatment process at 400 °C in a high-pressure hydrogen atmosphere was applied to modify graphitic carbon nitride. Compared to the normal atmospheric hydrogen treatment process, this process has the merit of producing nitrogen deficient graphitic carbon nitride in high-yield. The optimal photocatalytic activity of modified graphitic carbon nitride was demonstrated by controlling the treatment duration in the hydrogen atmosphere.The changes in the crystal structure, microstructure and optical properties of carbon nitrides were investigated by several characterizations. The relationship between the photocatalytic activity and structures of graphitic carbon nitride was preliminarily established. The results obtained in this study could provide some new ways of improving the activity of graphitic carbon nitride based photocatalyst.  相似文献   
3.
The microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti-3.5Al-5Mo-6V-3Cr-2Sn-0.5Fe high strength titanium alloy sheets prepared by unidirectional cold rolling and two-step cross cold rolling were investigated. Results showed that the β phase grains were refined significantly by cold rolling followed by solution treatment for a short time.Compared to unidirectional cold rolling, the short time solution treatment after two-step cross rolling could significantly reduce the non-uniformity of the microstructure of the alloy sheets. After aging treatment at 550 ℃,the anisotropy of the mechanical properties still existed in the unidirectional rolled sheets, and the tensile strength was highest along the rolling direction. After solution and aging treatment, the anisotropy of the mechanical properties of the two-step cross rolling process sheet was not obvious than unidirectional cold rolling,and alloy had good strength and plasticity matching.  相似文献   
4.
Microarc oxidation(MAO)electrolysis plasma deposition was used to prepare Al_2O_3coatings on Ti-45Al-8.5 Nb alloys to improve high temperature oxidation resistance.The surface and cross-section morphologies before and after high-temperature oxidation,the chemical composition,and the phase identification of the coatings were investigated by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),electron probe microanalyses(EPMA),and X-ray diffraction(XRD).The results show that Al_2O_3coatings with a thickness of approximately 8μm can be obtained on the Ti-45Al-8.5 Nb alloys by MAO for 600 s.The samples with the Al_2O_3coatings exhibited better high-temperature oxidation resistance.A minimal weight gain of only 0.396 g/m~2after 100 h oxidation at 900°C was observed for the coatings formed with a deposition voltage of 400 V and using a duty cycle of 3%.The deposition mechanism of the Al_2O_3coatings and the effect of the MAO parameters are also described.  相似文献   
5.
This paper criticizes the traditional philosophical account of the quantization of gauge theories and offers an alternative. On the received view, gauge theories resist quantization because they feature distinct mathematical representatives of the same physical state of affairs. This resistance is overcome by a sequence of ad hoc modifications, justified in part by reference to semiclassical electrodynamics. Among other things, these modifications introduce ”ghosts”: particles with unphysical properties which do not appear in asymptotic states and which are said to be purely a notational convenience. I argue that this sequence of modifications is unjustified and inadequate, making it a poor basis for the interpretation of ghosts. I then argue that gauge theories can be quantized by the same method as any other theory. On this account, ghosts are not purely notation: they are coordinates on the classical configuration space of the theory—specifically, on its gauge structure. This interpretation does not fall prey to the standard philosophical arguments against the significance of ghosts, due to Weingard. Weingard’s argumentative strategy, properly applied, in fact tells in favor of ghosts’ physical significance.  相似文献   
6.
The microstructure, martensitic transformation and mechanical/functional properties of Ti–Ta-Hf alloys with various thermo-mechanical treatments were investigated. The results reveal that the hot-rolling could refine the grain size and introduce a certain number of defects, resulting in the disappearance of martensitic transformation. The as-casted and solution treated Ti–Ta-Hf alloys were composed of α'' martensite phase and smaller volume of β phase. In contrast, the grain size of solution treated Ti–Ta-Hf alloy was slightly less than that of as-casted Ti–Ta-Hf alloy. This should be responsible to the higher yield stress and superior strain recovery characteristics for solution treated Ti–Ta-Hf alloy. The yield stress for the dislocation slip and the maximum recoverable strain of solution treated Ti–Ta-Hf alloy were 723 ​MPa and 5.06%, respectively.  相似文献   
7.
全无机金属卤化物钙钛矿材料CsPbX_3(X=Cl,Br,I)不仅有优异光电特性,还有比有机-无机杂化钙钛矿更好的热稳定性,在光电探测器领域有很大应用前景.但由于全无机钙钛矿材料自身迁移率较低,直接用于光电探测器其光响应率也很低,难以满足实际应用.以热注入法合成高质量的CsPbBr_3钙钛矿量子点材料,再将其与高迁移率的单层石墨烯薄膜相结合,构建出石墨烯-CsPbBr_3量子点复合光电探测器,光响应率高达3.5×10~4 A·W~(-1).研究表明引入石墨烯材料作为传输层后,CsPbBr_3量子点的光生电子空穴对得到有效分离并快速传输.两种材料界面处存在陷阱态,产生了光栅压效应,延长了载流子寿命.两种机制结合使复合光电探测器的光响应率大大提升.  相似文献   
8.
300M钢是重要的飞机主承力结构用材. 然而, 该材料在模锻热处理过程中会出现不同程度的表面氧化和脱碳, 严重影响锻件成品率. 本文对300M钢在不同热处理条件下的脱碳行为进行了系统研究, 利用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线能谱分析(EDS)等手段表征分析了热处理后试样表层组织形貌, 并采用硬度法统计了脱碳层深度的变化情况, 阐明了300M钢在不同热处理条件下的脱碳行为演化规律, 厘清了防氧化涂层对脱碳层深度的影响. 结果表明, 300M钢在热处理过程中近表面处生成的致密氧化层对碳和氧元素的扩散具有明显的抑制作用; 碳的扩散速度与表层氧化速度在不同温度下都会有一个平衡点, 而表面防氧化剂涂层的施加则会破坏原有平衡. 微观组织分析结果显示, 300M钢表层全脱碳区为珠光体或铁素体, 半脱碳区为马氏体及析出碳化物. 本文还阐明了300M钢表层微观组织随保温时间的演化规律. 最后本文从热力学角度揭示了300M钢表层脱碳-氧化耦合机制. 本文的研究成果有望为300M钢的模锻优化工艺和热处理防护技术提供重要的数据和理论支撑.  相似文献   
9.
为研究玄武岩纤维的掺入对高强自密实混凝土柱轴心受力性能的影响,以玄武岩纤维体积掺量0. 1%、0. 2%和纤维长度15 mm、30 mm为参数,设计并制作了3根高强自密实混凝土(HSCC)对比柱和12根玄武岩纤维改性HSCC柱,进行轴心受压试验和ABAQUS有限元分析。结果表明:相较对照组,掺入玄武岩纤维后,HSCC柱的极限承载力有一定程度提高。纤维长度为15 mm、体积掺量为0. 1%的HSCC柱提高幅度最大,达到19. 6%;同等荷载作用下HSCC柱裂缝的出现、开展得到延缓,应变和变形减小;达到极限承载力时,对应的压应变和位移分别增大24. 3%、20. 6%,HSCC柱的延性得到显著提高;有限元模拟的结果与试验结果吻合较好,验证了模型的可靠度。  相似文献   
10.
1 000 kV晋中站1#主变是世界首台解体运输式特高压变压器,在系统调试期间变压器本体产生乙炔且不断增大,初期认为油箱上下节打火引起放电,但结合潜油泵启停情况以及备用相试运行分析,判断为潜油泵故障。为此,通过搭设试验平台,进一步验证了14 m扬程潜油泵是引起乙炔增加的主要原因,而同样条件下,11 m扬程潜油泵未产生乙炔。最后,对11 m和14 m扬程的潜油泵进行变压器温升计算,发现二者均能满足要求,建议采用11 m扬程潜油泵进行技术改造。  相似文献   
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