四川盆地碳酸盐岩源岩气地质特征与勘探前景

充分利用露头、岩芯、岩屑等原始样品，通过薄片观察、物性分析、扫描电镜、X射线衍射及同位素分析等实验方法，结合测井资料、地震剖面解释等进行研究，从碳酸盐岩源岩气地球化学评价参数和指标厘定入手，以南川区带高产稳产气藏为实例，深入解剖四川盆地茅口组一段碳酸盐岩源岩的岩矿、物性、电性、含气性及生烃潜力，探讨了表生沉积环境、早期成岩作用等因素对碳酸盐岩源岩气储层的影响，尤其是富镁黏土矿物黑滑石在碳酸盐岩中有机质富集、碳酸盐岩气成生和聚集的积极作用，进一步明确气藏高产稳产的主控因素，落实“甜点段”的特征和分布，指明了该领域勘探开发的前景。     

碘化钾催化CO_2与氧化苯乙烯合成苯乙烯环状碳酸酯条件的优化

用碘化钾催化CO2与氧化苯乙烯(SO)合成苯乙烯环状碳酸酯,分别从溶剂、催化剂用量、温度、CO2压力和反应时间进行探讨,得出了最佳条件.结果表明:以无水乙醇为溶剂,催化剂用量r(KI∶SO)=1∶250,在170℃,CO2压力5 MPa,反应时间5 h,苯乙烯环状碳酸酯的产率和选择性均达到100%.     

碳酸钙矿石晶粒尺寸对其受热后状态的影响

为研究不同晶粒的碳酸钙矿石用于造渣的优劣性,对6种晶粒不同的碳酸钙矿石进行了X射线衍射、压汞、扫描电镜分析等试验,研究了它们的晶粒尺寸、碎裂程度、碎裂过程和煅烧后的比孔容、体积密度、孔隙率、平均孔径、活性度等因素,分析了矿石晶粒尺寸对其热裂性和煅烧所得石灰的微观结构参数、活性的影响。结果表明,矿石晶粒度越大,煅烧所得石灰越疏松多孔,活性越高,在急速受热时会发生爆裂,化渣速度更快。     

Improvement in the protective performance and adhesion of polypyrrole coating on AZ31 Mg alloys

The electrochemical synthesis of polypyrrole (Ppy) coating on AZ31 magnesium alloy was successfully achieved in a solution containing sodium salicylate and monomer of pyrrole through cyclic voltammetry technique. The effect of potential range, passivation pretreatment and number of cycles of polymerization on the quality and protective performance of the coatings was evaluated using surface analysis and electrochemical techniques. Through taking the advantage of charge transfer resistance, current density, corrosion potential, optical microscopy images and SEM micrographs, the optimum condition of synthesis of a Ppy coating with the best adhesion and corrosion protection was determined. The optimal PPy coating synthesized over AZ31 increases the polarization resistance and decreases the corrosion current more than one order of magnitude and shift the corrosion potential about 200 mV toward nobler potentials. The SEM studies showed that Ppy coating have cauliflower morphology of Ppy grains with a diameter ranging from 20 nm to 60 nm.     

利用示踪剂资料讨论塔河缝洞性油藏井间连通方式

探讨塔河油田缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏多缝洞系统的井间连通方式。针对缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏井间储集层复杂的特点,通过示踪剂曲线特征分析油藏井间连通方式,从峰型、主峰高宽比、主峰拟面积和注水推进速度4个方面评价曲线特征与连通方式之间的关系,结果表明塔河油田主要有单一连通型和复合连通型2种连通方式,其中以单一连通型为主,占73.5%。典型井分析说明连通方式与单井所处的地质条件有关。     

Linear and non-linear pseudocapacitances with or without diffusion control

Pseudocapacitance is an important reversible charge storage mechanism in many electrode materials. Although the concept was first proposed in early 1960s, it has been more widely studied following the observation of rectangular cyclic voltammograms (CVs) when testing some transition metal oxides and electronically conducting polymers, and the association with supercapacitor. However, interpretation of pseudocapacitance is inconsistent in the literature. Although all agree that materials are pseudocapacitive if they undergo Faradaic reactions and exhibit rectangular CVs, some have regarded any surface confined Faradaic reactions which may present non-rectangular or even peak-shaped CVs to be pseudocapacitive. In the case of rectangular CVs, the amount of charge stored in the electrode is a linear function of the electrode potential, whilst for non-rectangular or peak-shaped CVs, the relationship is non-linear. It is shown in this article that only linear pseudocapacitance is of relevance to supercapacitor, but non-linear pseudocapacitance may find applications in rechargeable battery and supercapattery. Further, it is clarified that the equation i ​= ​k₁v ​+ ​k₂v^1/2 is useful in analysis of electrode kinetics in terms of surface confinement and diffusion control. However, this kinetic equation is blind to the thermodynamically determined charge storage mechanisms as shown by experimental evidence, and should not be used to differentiate non-capacitive Faradaic processes from pseudocapacitance, either linear or non-linear.     

PVP与表面活性剂混合模板对CaCO3结晶的调控作用

聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)分别与十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)、十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)组成混合模板,在CaCl2、Na2CO3体系中调控合成CaCO3晶体,考察结晶温度对CaCO3晶体的影响。采用电导率法确定混合模板中表面活性剂的使用浓度。通过扫描电镜(SEM)、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)及X线衍射仪(XRD)对晶体的形貌和结构进行表征。结果表明:SDS与CTAB结合到PVP长链上的浓度分别为2.4和1.1 mmol/L。在PVP-CTAB模板中,5℃时为方解石的层状CaCO3聚集体,25℃时有部分球形球霰石出现,90℃时得到了棒状文石晶体。在PVP-SDS模板中,5和25℃时均为方解石型球状CaCO3聚集体,90℃时得到棒状文石晶体。     

盐法脱除柴油中酸的研究

用碳酸钠作为脱酸剂脱除柴油中的酸。考察了脱酸工艺中各因素对脱酸效果的影响,获得了柴油脱酸的工艺条件:剂油比为0.35∶1,反应温度为330K,搅拌时间为7min,静置时间为30min。在最佳工艺条件下柴油酸度由135.52mgKOH/100mL降至5.69mgKOH/100mL,脱酸率达到95.8%,精制后柴油中的水分含量为1.4%,柴油的回收率为94.6%,达到了柴油合格指标。     

基于时空双变网格算法的碳酸盐岩裂缝型储层正演模拟

引入局部精细时间采样算法,对空间变网格算法进行改进。将裂缝视为局部非均质体,利用空间不同尺度的网格对裂缝介质进行表征。采用有限差分算法直接求解波动方程,实现对实际碳酸盐岩介质的微裂缝储层的地震波正演模拟技术,得到地震波在裂缝型储层传播中的一些直观的波动现象。结果表明:利用局部精细时间采样算法,对精细的空间网格在时间层内可以进行局部加密求解,从而解决全局采用精细时间采样带来的庞大计算量和计算耗时问题;裂缝缝间距、裂缝切伸参数对地震记录的反射振幅能量和极性影响较大,并在反射波后常会紧跟一个弱反射能量;裂缝受构造影响较大,平缓构造和起伏构造裂缝反射模式相差较大;在了解地下构造走向的情况下,可根据不同的裂缝反射特征寻找裂缝发育带。     

古交矿区下组煤的充水含水层探析

对中奥陶统峰峰组、上马家沟组岩溶裂隙含水层的岩性组合、富水性强弱以及中奥陶统碳酸盐岩与下组煤（以太原组8号煤层为例）的间距等因素进行了研究分析,说明两个含水层对下组煤开采起着不同的充水作用。