企业现金持有水平对创新投入的影响研究基于现金保障天数的实证检验

目前我国新发展格局正在加速形成，企业需要抓住自主创新的机遇，因此一定水平的创新投入必不可少。然而，企业持有足够的现金是否能有效促进创新？本研究以2014~2019年我国A股上市公司为研究样本，首次使用企业的现金保障天数衡量现金持有水平，实证检验了现金持有水平与企业创新投入的关系。结论表明，现金持有水平能正向影响企业创新投入，且业绩波动性正向调节企业现金持有水平与创新投入之间的关系。异质性检验表明，非国有企业比国有企业现金持有水平对创新投入的促进作用更大，业绩波动性在非国有企业中调节效应更显著。企业可通过提高其现金保障天数来保证创新项目的资金投入，提高创新投入水平。     

Larval instars of the ant Strumigenys solifontis Brown (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): the fallacy of size distribution

Larval instars of the myrmicine ant Strumigenys solifontis Brown were determined by measuring the head width under a stereomicroscope and examining the morphology, especially chaetotaxy, by light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. This study found that the larval stage consisted of four instars, but the first and second instars were not distinguishable by their head widths. However, the four instars could be discriminated clearly by a combination of size measurement and observations on the chaetotaxy. Within a population, there are few larvae in the first instar because of its short period (only 1–2 days before moulting into the second instar) and the low oviposition rate of the queen. Therefore, the first-instar larva needs to be collected separately from other instars so that it is not missed.     

一种不均衡数据的改进蚁群分类算法

针对蚁群挖掘算法(ant colony mining algorithm,ACMA)中的规则评价函数和规则修剪方法,提出一种改进的蚁群挖掘算法(improved ant colony mining algorithm,IACMA),并将其应用于不均衡数据分类.数值实验采用基准数据库中3种典型的不均衡数据,结果表明,改进...     

蚁群算法求解消防站的选址问题

将消防设施选址问题抽象成集合覆盖问题。应用蚁群算法对集合覆盖问题进行了求解。并针对点的重复覆盖问题对每次迭代的结果进行了启发式改进,消除了冗余的子集。同时采用精英策略,加速了蚁群算法的收敛速度。并将用蚁群算法得到的结果与基于贪心策略得到的结果进行了比较,效果较好。     

Biological characterization of the obligate symbiosis between Acropyga sauteri Forel (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and Eumyrmococcus smithii Silvestri (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae: Rhizoecinae) on Okinawa Island,southern Japan

The ant Acropyga sauteri Forel has an obligate, mutualistic symbiosis with a mealybug, Eumyrmococcus smithii Silvestri, on Okinawa Island, southern Japan. The mealybugs live inside ant nests nearly all their lives, and the ants depend on them for food. Alate foundress queens carry mealybugs during their nuptial flights, using them to establish new colonies at new sites. However, important aspects of the symbiosis have not yet been elucidated. The present study characterizes the basic biology of the symbiosis and describes for the first time the morphologies of all growth stages of E. smithii. Our study suggests that E. smithii has only one nymphal stage, followed by a female pupal stage or male prepupal stage. Intensive sampling of ant nests across seasons showed that A. sauteri prefers nest sites 5–20 cm underground. Acropyga sauteri produced reproductive stages mainly in mid‐March or early April, and numbers of both ant workers and mealybugs increased from spring to summer. Experimental determination of colony identity with a method using nestmate recognition by ants suggested that each ant colony rarely has a perimeter greater than 30 cm, that the ants are monogynous, and that different ant colonies are densely aggregated along the root system of a plant, adjacent to each other but not interflowing. Both symbiotic partners were vulnerable to attacks by several common subaerial ant species following physical disturbance to their nests.     

遗传算法与蚁群算法的融合研究

遗传算法具有快速全局搜索能力,但对于系统中的反馈信息却没有利用,往往导致无为的冗余迭代,求解效率不高.而蚁群算法是通过信息素的累积和更新来收敛于最优路径,具有分布、并行、全局收敛能力,但是搜索初期信息素匮乏,导致算法速度慢.通过将两种算法进行融合,克服两种算法各自的缺陷,优势互补,形成一种时间效率和求解效率都比较好的启发式算法.并通过仿真计算,表明融合算法的性能优于遗传算法和蚁群算法.     

立体仓库固定货架拣选路径优化的蚁群算法研究

本文详细分析了各类蚁群算法及其参数,将这些算法结合立体仓库固定货架拣选路径问题,选取出适合实际情况的算法模块;根据算法特性提出了根据迭代次数自适应调整q0参数和使用精英策略更新信息素两项优化等策略并通过仿真试验证实其优化性。在分析基础之上提出新蚁群算法的数学模型,通过大量仿真试验,得证新算法可以在较短的时间内找到较优的拣选路径,应用到实际操作中极大提高了立体仓库的使用效率。     

随机现金流下的违约回收率模型

违约回收率是信用风险管理的基础变量,债务人的财务状况是影响违约回收率的重要因素之一。当公司遇到财务困难时现金流的不确定性非常高,本文利用连续时间资产定价理论,研究了债务人随机现金流情况下的违约回收率,违约回收率是公司现金流状况的内生变量。违约回收率与公司现金流压力,现金流漂移率,公司违约区间相对长度正相关,与现金流波动率负相关。用四川大额不良贷款数据验证了模型结果。     

求解TSP问题的改进蚁群算法

通过引入免疫克隆算子提出1种新的蚁群算法，并应用于TSP问题求解。结果表明：算法具有较好性能。     

蚁群算法在图像边缘提取中的研究

文章对蚁群算法在图像边缘的提取中进行研究,对蚁群算法在图像边缘提取中采用蚂蚁访问不同邻域策略与不同的启发信息公式进行MATLAB仿真,得到最佳的邻域策略与启发信息公式,并利用得到的最佳方式对不同图像进行边缘的提取,达到一定的效果。