基于智能影像基因组学技术的阿尔茨海默病预测进展

 阿尔茨海默病（AD）起病隐匿，目前尚无有效控制病情进展以及治疗的药物或方法。在其发病轻度认知功能障碍阶段早期预测进行干预，则能有效控制其病程。从基于脑影像组学特征的AD早期临床诊断、基于人工智能影像组学技术的AD早期预测两个方面综述了AD的早期诊断与预测研究进展，提出结合多模脑核磁共振影像特征和组学特征，在深度学习的框架下，将影像学和基因组学联系在一起，构造高分类与预测性能的深度学习模型，可为AD早期筛查并干预提供支持。     

阿尔茨海默病循证预防国际指南

 对阿尔茨海默病循证预防国际指南作了解读。概述了阿尔茨海默病预防的具体策略、人群差异、现状及前景。根据指南，通过健康的生活方式（包括体重管理、体育锻炼、认知活动、良好睡眠、远离烟草等），良好的共病管理（糖尿病、高血压、高同型半胱氨酸血症、心脑血管疾病、头部外伤、抑郁等），提高教育程度以及维生素C摄入等可以预防阿尔茨海默病的发病。     

Rediscovery of Disepyris semiruber (Kieffer) (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) in Southern Africa,with first description of the male

Holepyris semiruber Kieffer is redescribed and illustrated based on freshly collected specimens. Holepyris semiruber var. striatipleura Kieffer is considered a colour variant of this species and therefore a junior synonym of H. semiruber syn. nov. This species is transferred to Disepyris, D. semiruber (Kieffer) comb. nov., based on the possession of a short 2r-rs&Rs vein in the fore wing and presence of long flat spine-shaped setae on the outer (posterior) surface of the protarsi. The male is described for the first time from new specimens collected in South Africa. This species is recorded for the first time from Namibia and Zimbabwe. All photographs are available on www.waspweb.org.     

基于学业成绩的师范生教师资格获得预警研究

本研究指出,教师资格考试是我国教师准入管理制度的重要环节,师范生教师资格证的获得是师范生职业发展的第一道门槛.本研究通过建立教师资格证考试内容与大学学科课程的对应关系,采用基于密度的离群点检测算法模型,以数学与应用专业学生的课程成绩为实验样本进行数据挖掘分析,识别学业危机学生.研究结果表明,该预警方法可以识别出教师资格获得危机学生,引起学生对教师资格证考试备考的重视,为教师提供预警干预学生的依据,有利于教师精准施教.该预警方法对离群特征显著的学生预测可达到100％,对离群特征不明显的学生识别率较低,算法有待修正.     

“百病生于气”疾病观的针灸临床应用

 “百病生于气”见于《素问·举痛论》，几千年来始终是中医临床认识疾病、防治疾病的重要理论依据之一。对气的含义及气机失调致病的机制进行了梳理，得出了“百病生于气”的基本含义可以概括为气机失调是疾病发生的基本病机的结论，情志因素、精神心理是导致疾病发生的重要内因。分析认为“百病生于气”的理论对于针灸临床有重要指导意义，针灸诊疗过程中应注重“调气”“调神”，这是针灸取得佳效的根本保障。     

考虑车位占用率的机场停车场收费定价模型

由于航空旅客小汽车出行需求的持续增长,机场停车需求不断增加,进而导致机场停车场出现了供需不平衡的状况,本文基于收益管理思想,以期望车位占用率和停车场收益最大化为决策目标,建立了机场停车场收费定价的双层规划模型,基于随机用户均衡原则,建立了航空旅客出行方式选择模型作为双层规划模型的下层模型,并根据所建立的模型设计了相应的求解算法,而后通过算例验证了所提出的模型和算法的可行性。结果表明,在定价时,考虑停车场的容量和车位占用率,能够使停车资源得到更好的利用。     

Klein-Weyl's program and the ontology of gauge and quantum systems

We distinguish two orientations in Weyl's analysis of the fundamental role played by the notion of symmetry in physics, namely an orientation inspired by Klein's Erlangen program and a phenomenological-transcendental orientation. By privileging the former to the detriment of the latter, we sketch a group(oid)-theoretical program—that we call the Klein-Weyl program—for the interpretation of both gauge theories and quantum mechanics in a single conceptual framework. This program is based on Weyl's notion of a “structure-endowed entity” equipped with a “group of automorphisms”. First, we analyze what Weyl calls the “problem of relativity” in the frameworks provided by special relativity, general relativity, and Yang-Mills theories. We argue that both general relativity and Yang-Mills theories can be understood in terms of a localization of Klein's Erlangen program: while the latter describes the group-theoretical automorphisms of a single structure (such as homogenous geometries), local gauge symmetries and the corresponding gauge fields (Ehresmann connections) can be naturally understood in terms of the groupoid-theoretical isomorphisms in a family of identical structures. Second, we argue that quantum mechanics can be understood in terms of a linearization of Klein's Erlangen program. This stance leads us to an interpretation of the fact that quantum numbers are “indices characterizing representations of groups” ((Weyl, 1931a), p.xxi) in terms of a correspondence between the ontological categories of identity and determinateness.     

厚尾噪声条件下星凸形扩展目标student’s t滤波器

针对非线性非高斯厚尾噪声条件下的不规则形状的扩展目标跟踪问题,提出了基于随机超曲面模型(RHM)的星凸形扩展目标student’s t滤波算法.首先,在带有非高斯厚尾过程噪声和厚尾量测噪声的系统中, 基于student’s t分布给出鲁棒student’s t滤波器.其次,利用随机超曲面模型描述任意星凸形扩展目标的量测源分布, 提出带厚尾噪声的星凸形扩展目标student’s t滤波器.最后通过仿真验证了所提方法的正确性和有效性.