多弧离子镀制备的耐事故燃料包壳铬涂层晶粒结构研究

本文通过从几十微米到几埃的多尺度表征展示了多弧离子镀制备铬涂层的详细结构.经XRD, SEM, FIB, TEM和HRTEM表征，结果显示该涂层是一种多重结构，包括表面上的微米级颗粒、缺陷带钉扎的微米或次微米级液滴、以堆垛层错为晶界的柱状晶、以刃位错和螺型位错为区分的微晶、位错末端的原子畸变以及原子排列无序化的区域.这些结构通过改变涂层的结晶度，影响了晶格常数、表面粗化和FIB溅射裂纹.此外，通过分析HTEM照片，确定了这些堆垛层错和位错的类型.最后，讨论了沉积参数对这些晶粒结构的影响.     

轧制道次间插入冷却对特厚钢板组织与性能的影响

使用实验轧机旁冷却装置配合轧机进行轧制实验，研究轧制道次间不同冷却工艺对特厚钢板组织和性能的影响规律.研究结果表明:采用道次间冷却工艺可以在全厚度方向获得组织细化及强韧性提高效果，采用强冷道次间冷却实验钢1/4处晶粒尺寸可细化至10μm，强度为376MPa，-40℃冲击功为169J;心部晶粒尺寸可细化至15μm，强度为360MPa，-40℃冲击功为123J.本工艺可形成470μm厚表层细晶层，晶粒尺寸可细化至5μm;粗轧道次间插入冷却工艺轧制钢板强度和冲击韧性优于中间坯冷却工艺;随冷却强度增加，钢板内部组织明显细化且强度大幅提高.     

双辊薄带连铸低碳微合金钢的铸态组织

采用双辊薄带连铸技术制备了低碳微合金钢薄带，利用OM，SEM和TEM对铸态凝固组织、室温组织、析出及位错进行观察和分析.结果表明:低碳微合金钢铸带的凝固组织中二次枝晶间距约为12~15μm，相对于传统厚板坯和薄板坯连铸，铸带组织得到了明显细化.铸带的原奥氏体晶粒尺寸比较粗大，约为250~410μm，其组织由魏氏铁素体、珠光体和不规则铁素体组成.铸带组织中存在纳米级TiC析出和短棒状的渗碳体.TiC析出没有被薄带连铸的凝固过程及二次冷却过程明显抑制.铸带组织由于铸轧力及二次冷却速率不均匀导致大量位错的产生.     

Influence of high deformation on the microstructure of low-carbon steel

Low-carbon steel sheets DC04 used in the automotive industry were subjected to cold rolling for thickness reduction from 20% to 89%. The desired thickness was achieved by successive reductions using a rolling mill. The influence of thickness reduction on the microstructure was studied by scanning electron microscopy. Microstructure evolution was characterized by the distortion of grains and the occurrence of the oriented grain structure for high cold work. A mechanism of grain restructuring for high cold work was described. The occurrence of voids was discussed in relation with cold work. The evolution of voids at the grain boundaries and inside the grains was also considered. To characterize the grain size, the Feret diameter was measured and the grain size distribution versus cold work was discussed. The chemical homogeneity of the sample was also analyzed.     

晶粒尺寸对含铜锡中铬铁素体不锈钢耐蚀性的影响

以含低熔点元素Cu和Sn的超纯165%(质量分数)Cr铁素体不锈钢为实验材料,通过在35℃恒温6%(质量分数)FeCl3溶液中对实验钢进行浸泡腐蚀实验,并采用三电极体系测定实验钢的极化曲线,初步研究了晶粒尺寸对这种铁素体不锈钢耐蚀性能的影响.实验中,采用经典的失重法计算腐蚀速率,利用动电位扫描法测绘极化曲线,以进一步探究实验钢的腐蚀过程.研究表明,这种铁素体不锈钢的点蚀电位值随晶粒尺寸增大而大幅提高.浸泡腐蚀实验结果证实,存在一个相对合理的晶粒尺寸范围,晶粒尺寸过小或过大都不利于提高耐蚀性能.     

国内期刊亮点

正预烧结影响低压烧结WC-Co硬质合金组织和性能WC-Co硬质合金具有良好力学性能,其中WC的晶粒尺寸决定了其本征性能的发挥。北京工业大学材料科学与工程学院新型功能材料教育部重点实验室宋晓艳等采用原位还原碳化反应制备超细WC-10%Co,对WC-10%Co复合粉末在低于共晶点的温度下进行预烧结处理,采用XRD、SEM和力学性能测试手段考察预烧结对随后的低压二次烧结合金组织和性能的影响。     

Modeling decarburization kinetics of grain-oriented silicon steel

A mathematic model has been presented to predict the decarburization kinetics of grain-oriented silicon steel sheet in the gas mixture of N2–H2–H2O during annealing.This model is based on the carbon flux balance between the oxidation reaction at the surface and the carbon diffusion inside the steel sheet.It can be numerically solved to quantify the influences of annealing temperature and atmosphere on decarburization kinetics when the boundary conditions are properly determined.In case that a humid gas mixture is employed during annealing,the most influential process parameter is temperature rather than compositions of the gas mixture,because the diffusion of carbon in ferrite is the rate-limiting step.Therefore,a higher temperature is required for the efficient decarburization of the thicker silicon steel sheet using the industrial continuous annealing production line.     

强迫层流环境下多晶粒生长的相场法模拟

将模拟流场所用的Lattice Boltzmann方法(简称LBM)和模拟枝晶生长的相场模型进行耦合,模拟Al-Cu合金等温凝固过程中多晶粒在纯扩散和存在对流情况下枝晶的生长状况.模拟结果显示:在枝晶的生长初期,无论是纯扩散还是存在对流,各晶粒间间距较大,无相互影响,独立生长;纯扩散条件下枝晶呈现明显的对称性,强迫层流作用下,由于对流的存在,上游侧枝晶比下游侧枝晶发达;随着枝晶慢慢长大,各晶粒相互影响,产生竞争生长,导致枝晶生长产生不对称性;流速的大小会影响枝晶的生长形貌,流速越大,枝晶生长越快,非对称性越严重,下游越易产生涡流.     

输入轴断裂失效分析

某齿轮传动分公司生产的输入轴产品,在使用一段时间后发生断裂,对其进行全面解剖,并做了试验分析。由低倍酸浸试验表明,锻件致密性较差;高倍组输入轴基体晶粒度粗大,马氏体及残留奥氏体超级。综合试验分析,输入轴断裂的原因主要是由于锻件纯净度差、组织不良,导致材料力学指标不足,服役过程中在较大弯曲及扭转应力下疲劳开裂。