光电与微生物结合的生物杂化光合体系生产聚β-羟基丁酸酯的研究进展

人工光合系统具有较高的光吸收率，但难以合成具有高附加值的化合物.微生物则可以利用自身的促进自我修复与复制、具有高特异性的生物酶催化合成各种高分子化合物.生物杂化光合体系结合两者优点，为化学品的合成提供了一条清洁高效、经济、可持续的发展途径.近年来，有科学家利用生物杂化光合体系生产生物可降解材料聚β-羟基丁酸酯，取得了初步成效.以下从光催化剂协同微生物杂化光合体系和微生物电合成体系两个方面，介绍了生物杂化光合体系生产聚β-羟基丁酸酯的研究进展，研究了利用该体系生产聚β-羟基丁酸酯的现存问题，并对其未来发展方向进行了展望.     

微波辐射β分子筛负载SO_4~(2-)/Fe_2O_3固体超强酸催化制备2-(2-1H-苯并咪唑基)-苯酚

以邻苯二胺和水杨酸为原料,β分子筛负载SO2-4/Fe2O3固体超强酸催化剂,微波辐射促进合成了2-(2-1H-苯并咪唑基)-苯酚。实验结果表明:n(水杨酸)∶n(邻苯二胺)=1.0∶1.1(水杨酸6.90 g,邻苯二胺5.70 g),固体超强酸相对用量0.10 g,微波辐射功率500 W,微波辐射时间5 min。产率达87.8%,与常规加热方法相比,具有反应速度快、转化率高等优点。     

集值映射与层型结构空间(英文)

本论文利用半连续集值映射的插入给出具有层型结构空间的一些等价刻画.也引入了K-lower和K-upper集值映射,利用此概念给出了k-半层空间以及k-MCM的刻画.     

IAD法在合成β-甘露糖苷键中的应用

β-甘露糖苷键广泛存在于天然糖复合物中,但选择性地合成β-甘露糖苷键却非常困难;介绍了通过不同的混合缩酮和混合缩醛连接臂介导的分子内糖苷配体转移法（IAD）在选择性地合成β-甘露糖苷键中的应用,同时也讨论了不同连接臂的优势与不足.     

α,β-不饱和酰胺TRPV1抑制剂的Topomer CoMFA模型

利用SYBYL软件中的Topomer CoMFA方法分析了α,β-不饱和酰胺类TRPV1抑制剂的三维定量构效关系(3D-QSAR)模型.分子被分开为羰基和氨基两个基团,在Topomer CoMFA模型考察了立体场和静电场对抑制活性的影响.结果显示:去一交叉验证的相关系数q2为0.702,模型的预测相关系数r2为0.881.说明所建立的模型在统计上有较好的稳定性和预测能力,有助于TRPV1抑制剂的研发.     

Silk Fibroin Microspheres： Preparation and Application for Controlled Drug Delivery

Silk fibroin （SF）, a natural protein polymer, has several unique properties such as aqueous processability, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. Due to these advantageous properties, it is promising for applications in various fields, especially drug delivery. In this paper, the simple preparation of SF microspheres was discussed via self-assembly. Some of SF＇s physicochemical properties and morphology were also investigated. The results show that the morphology, size and size distribution of silk microspheres depend upon various processing parameters, especially including volume ratios among SF, ethanol and polyvinyl alcohol （PVA）. Regular silk microspheres were obtained in PVA solution when adjusting the volume ratios of silk to ethanol from 20：1 to 20： 9. We also found that SF microspheres with various appearances were formed by addition of different PVA solution concentrations under a constant silk solution to ethanol volume ratio. From the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR） of silk microspheres, it was found that introducing ethanol into the SF solution induced conformational change from random coil to β-sheet. Additionally, under the observation of scanning electron microscopy （ SEM）, the shape of self-assembled silk microspheres was determined to be spherical. Finally, SF＇s potential as drug delivery carriers was discussed in the experimental results.     

β-Catenin和Wnt5a蛋白在人牙齿早期发育过程中的表达

以人牙胚为材料,运用免疫组织化学染色技术分别检测经典Wnt信号通路的β-Catenin和非经典Wnt信号通路的Wnt5a的表达模式．结果表明：从12w人牙胚帽状期到15w钟状期。β-Catenin蛋白在牙上皮细胞的表达强于牙问充质细胞,且其在磨牙细胞的表达强于门牙;随着发育的成熟,β-Catenin蛋白在内釉上皮细胞的表达增强,而在外釉上皮层和星网状层的表达降低．WntSa蛋白在人牙胚中的牙间充质细胞的表达强于牙上皮：从帽状期到钟状期．Wnt5a蛋白在内釉上皮层和星网状层的表达降低,β-Catenin蛋白的表达整体明显高于WntSa．因此,经典Wnt信号通路在人牙齿早期发育过程中发挥重要的作用．     

不同运动方式对Ⅱ型糖尿病患者转化生长因子β1释放的影响

目的：检验抗阻结合有氧运动对II型糖尿病患者促抗炎症细胞因子和转化生长因子的影响。方法：10名糖尿病患者,年龄55．5±5岁,参与监督下的系统性运动训练计划,包括有氧运动和抗阻训练,每周4天,共8周。结果：训练增加转化生长因子-β1浓度（＋50．4％）和降低高敏感C-反应蛋白（Hs-CRP）水平（-24．1％）,但没有改变白介素-6、白介素-10、干扰素-1和肿瘤坏死因子-α的水平。另外,还改善人体测量特征、糖化血红蛋白（HbAlc：-11．8％）,稳态模型评估胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR：-15％）和体质参数（上肢力量：＋32．4％;下肢力量：＋48．9％）。结论：抗阻训练结合有氧运动有潜在的抗动脉粥样硬化和抗炎效应,最大可能降低心血管疾病的危险,改善Ⅱ型糖尿病患者健康状态。     

Induction of human β-defensin-2 in airway epithelial cells by Streptococcus pneumoniae： involvement of IP3-dependent intracellular calcium release and NF-κB

Human β-definsin-2 （hBD-2） is mainly induced by bacterial factors and pro-inflammation mediators in epithelial cells. As the major cause of community-acquired pneumonia, whether Streptococcus pneumoniae （S. pneu-moniae） stimulation induces hBD-2 expression in airway epithelial cells is elusive. In this study, we found that S. pneumoniae stimulation induced hBD-2 expression in a time-and concentration-dependent manner in primary human airway epithelial cells. To further reveal the mechanism of S. pneumoniae inducing hBD-2, we found that S. pneumoniae stimulation activated NF-κB signaling pathway. Specific NF-κB inhibitor, PDTC, could reverse the induction of hBD-2 by S. pneumoniae. We also found that cellular inner Ca^2＋ signaling is involved in the S. pneumoniae-induced hBD-2. Taken together, our find-ings indicated that S. pneumoniae can stimulate the expression of hBD-2 in airway epithelial cells and NF-κB and inositol triphosphate-dependent intracellular calcium release is involved in this induction.     

有关亲核取代反应和β—消去反应的教学思考

卤代烃化学性质的教学是该章节的重点和难点.从基本概念入手,通过对两类反应机理和影响因素的讲解,可以让学生较为轻松地突破难点,将α—C设计在一个假想平面上讲解亲核取代和消去反应机理,方便学生对亲核取代和消去反应机理和有关立体化学的理解和掌握.