多失效模式下基本变量的重要性测度及其解法

基本变量的重要性分析是工程设计及安全评估的一项必要工作．针对工程实际中经常出现的多失效模式可靠性模型,提出了基本变量对多失效模式下多维响应功能函数全局联合概率分布的重要性测度指标——重要性测度1．同时针对可靠性设计的特点,建立了多失效模式下基本变量对多维响应功能函数局部概率分布的两种重要性测度指标,即基本变量对失效域内多维响应概率分布的重要性测度——重要性测度2和对系统失效概率的重要性测度——重要性测度3,推导了其性质,比较了3种重要性测度的异同和适用范围,并给出了一种求解3种重要性测度的标准方法,从该标准方法的求解过程可以看出,在求解基本变量对多维响应功能函数重要性测度1的同时可求得重要性测度2和3,也即在不增加计算量的同时,该标准方法可为设计人员提供更多的参考信息．最后,以数值和工程算例验证了所提指标和方法的正确性和可行性．     

Shape demagnetization effect on layered magnetoelectric composites

Magnetoelectric （ME） voltage coefficient of plate layered magnetostricUve-piezoelectric composites was always considered independent of the in-plane size due to the oversimplification in ME theoretical models. Here we report that the ME voltage coefficient depends on the in-plane size owing to shape demagnetization effect on magnetostriction. Both theoretical analysis and experimental results indicate that ME voltage coefficient of layered ME composites changes with the variation in in-plane sizes （length and width）. ME coefficient increases with a rise in in-plane sizes, and different aspect ratio also results in different ME coefficients. Proper design of in-plane shape will greatly promote the development of ME devices.     

珲春市农田生态系统的物质循环分析

为了促进珲春市农田生态系统的良性循环，本文对对珲春市农田生态系统物质循环的状况进行了分析，指出了农田生产中的限制因素及解决的对策。     

玻璃的缺陷态分布及其低温下的超声特性

本文作者测定了玻璃在低温下不同频率的超声衰减,并讨论了玻璃中超声衰减的特性.用频率为90MHz的a—T曲线拟合了玻璃中缺陷态关于活化能的分布曲线,再用这一分布曲线反算了在30MHz频率下玻璃的a—T曲线与实测的数据对比吻合良好.本文采用声衰减相对于温度变化曲线来拟合玻璃中缺陷态的相对态密度分布的方法有足够的精度,实验简便,是一种测定双势阱缺陷态密度分布行之有效的方法.     

利用Geomagic软件重建玩具模型过程中的曲面拟合实例

随着逆向工程在产品设计制造领城的广泛应用,逆向过程中对曲面重建的方法研完越来越受到重视.该文重点研究了重建过程中的曲面拟合技术,利用Geomagicr软件,对已进行过数据预处理后的圣诞老人玩具模型手动编辑曲面片,井应用曲面拟合技术进行实际操作.经过误差分析,生成的样条曲面拟合精度高,适合于该模型的曲面拟合.     

Incorporating temporal variability to improve geostatistical analysis of satellite-observed CO2 in China

Observations of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2 ) from satellites offer new data sources to understand global carbon cycling. The correlation structure of satellite-observed CO2 can be analyzed and modeled by geostatistical methods, and CO2 values at unsampled locations can be predicted with a correlation model. Conventional geostatistical analysis only investigates the spatial correlation of CO2 , and does not consider temporal variation in the satellite-observed CO2 data. In this paper, a spatiotemporal geostatistical method that incorporates temporal variability is implemented and assessed for analyzing the spatiotemporal correlation structure and prediction of monthly CO2 in China. The spatiotemporal correlation is estimated and modeled by a product-sum variogram model with a global nugget component. The variogram result indicates a significant degree of temporal correlation within satellite-observed CO2 data sets in China. Prediction of monthly CO2 using the spatiotemporal variogram model and spacetime kriging procedure is implemented. The prediction is compared with a spatial-only geostatistical prediction approach using a cross-validation technique. The spatiotemporal approach gives better results, with higher correlation coefficient (r2 ), and less mean absolute prediction error and root mean square error. Moreover, the monthly mapping result generated from the spatiotemporal approach has less prediction uncertainty and more detailed spatial variation of CO2 than those from the spatial-only approach.     

日本气体传感器产业化发展现状

综合日本气体传感器产业发展现状，阐述了该产业发展道路与生产企业状况，并对产业的重点产品及其技术的发展与应用进行分析，探讨了日本气体传感器的市场现状、研究水平、发展趋势与预测等     

黑龙江省产六种蛇心电图的研究

用八导生理记录仪测定六种蛇的心电图，并同时记录心率、计算心电轴，并对不同室温心率的变化进行测定，此外本文依据心电图的差异探讨六种蛇的亲缘关系．     

The mechanism of nucleation of hydrogen blister in metals

The nucleating, growing and cracking of hydrogen blister have been investigated experimentally and theoretically. The results show that atomic hydrogen induces superabundant vacancies in metals. The superabundant vacancies and hydrogen aggregate into a hydrogen-vacancy cluster (microcavity). The hydrogen atoms in the microcavity become hydrogen molecules which can stabilize the cluster. And the hydrogen blister nucleates. With the entry of vacancies and hydrogen atoms, the blister nucleus grows and the pressure in the cavity increases. When the stress induced by hydrogen pressure on the blister is up to the cohesive strength, cracks will initiate from the wall of the blister.     

石化旋转机械基于风险的维修决策研究

为了有效地利用有限的维修资源,在传统的以可靠性为中心的维修(RCM)中,引入了基于风险的故障模式重要度评价,建立了适合石化旋转机械的故障模式风险评价准则和风险矩阵,根据故障模式的风险评价结果,提出了针对常见故障原因的维修方式逻辑决断方法。为了验证该方法的有效性,以中石化某乙烯装置旋转机械为实例,进行了风险评价,提出了维修和监/检测建议。结果表明,该方法可为石化旋转机械的维修决策提供依据。