几种重金属离子及类金属砷对烟草组织培养的影响

本文以烟草为材料，在培养基中添加不同浓度的三种重金属离子(Hg^2-、Pb^2 、Ag^ )及类金属离子砷(As^5 )，经组织培养，发现经处理的烟草生长发育均受到不同程度的抑制．而且叶绿素和可溶性糖含量均比对照降低，仅蛋白质含量在金属及类金属离子浓度低(5ppm、10ppm)时部分升高．其余均降低，当这些重金属及类金属离子在培养基中的难度达到500ppm以上时，烟草的生长发育全被抑制。     

Improved elastase production by Bacillus sp. EL31410—further optimization and kinetics studies of culture medium for batch fermentation

An efficient culture medium producing a bacterial elastase with high yields was developed further following preliminary studies by means of response surface method. Central composite design (CCD) and response surface methodology were applied to optimize the medium constituents. A central composite design was used to explain the combined effect of three medium constituents, viz, glucose, K(2)HPO(4), MgSO(4).7H(2)O. The strain produced more elastase in the completely optimized medium, as compared with the partially optimized medium. The fitted model of the second model, as per RSM, showed that glucose was 7.4 g/100 ml, casein 1.13 g/100 ml, corn steep flour 0.616 g/100 ml, K(2)HPO(4) 0.206 g/100 ml and MgSO(4).7H(2)O 0.034 g/100 ml. The fermentation kinetics of these two culture media in the flask experiments were analyzed. It was found that the highest elastase productivity occurred at 54 hours. Higher glucose concentration had inhibitory effect on elastase production. At the same time, we observed that the glucose consumption rate was slow in the completely optimized medium, which can explain the lag period of the highest elastase production. Some metal ions and surfactant additives also affected elastase production and cell growth.     

Improved production of spiramycin by mutant Streptomyces ambofaciens

Strain improvement and medium optimization to increase the productivity of spiramycin were carried out. Of oil tolerant mutant strains screened, one mutant, Streptomyces ambofaciens XC 2-37, produced 9% more spiramycin than the parent strain S. ambofaciens XC 1-29. The effects of soybean oil and propyl alcohol on spiramycin production with S.ambofaciens XC 2-37 were studied. The potency orS. ambofaciens XC 2-37 was improved by 61.8% with addition of 2% soybean oil in the fermentation medium and 0.4% propyl alcohol at 24 hours after incubation. The suitable time for feeding propyl alcohol is at 24 hours after incubation in flask fermentation and at 20 hours after incubation in fermentor fermentation The new process with S. ambofaciens XC 2-37 was scaled up for industrial scale production of spiramycin in a 60 m^3 fermentor in Xinchang Pharmaceutical Factory, Zhejiang Medicine Company, Ltd., China, and the potency and productivity of fermentation were improved by 42.9%.     

在发酵过程中铁离子抑止金霉素生产的原因和去除抑止作用的研究

<正> 在金霉素的发酵过程中,铁离子浓度的增加对金霉素的生产起显著的抑止作用。铁是怎样抑止金霉素的生产的?怎样去消除这种抑止作用?这些都是值得加以研究的问题。     

电阻抗法在细菌耐药性试验中的应用

将电阻抗法应用于医学临床细菌耐药性试验。笔者用自制的微生物电阻抗传感器和电阻抗测量装量,通过测量接种细菌的培养基电阻抗值(V值),并将细菌在培养期间内取得的所有V值描记成“阻抗曲线图谱”,因细菌培养基所产生的阻抗曲线图谱与在细菌培养基中滴加了抗菌药物所形成的阻抗曲线图谱形态有明显差别,利用这种曲线形态的差别尝试用来判断细菌的耐药性、该研究对实现医学临床快速耐药性试验,药敏检测自动化、智能化有一定的实际意义．     

Effects of aqueous media on microbial removal of sulfur from dibenzothiophene in the presence of hydrocarbons

The existence of sulfur in the petroleum would erode the transport lines and poison the chemical catalysts. In addition, it is the main cause of air pollution and the for-mation of acid rain. At present, hydrodesulfurization (HDS) is the commonly used technology for fuel desulfu-rization. HDS has the disadvantages of high cost of ma-nipulation and equipment investment. Furthermore, HDS is difficult to remove the sulfur from condensed thio-phenes such as dibenzothiophene (DBT). These forms…     

Biological aspects on the cultures of the entomophthoralean fungus<Emphasis Type="Italic">Pandora delphacis</Emphasis> grown on broomcorn millets

Among entomopathogenic fungi the Entomophthor- ales plays an important role in natural control of insect pests through induction of epizootics in insect popula-tions[1—3]. Since most species of the fungal group are 4 - characteristic with their special capability of actively dis-charging conidia to favor infection and dissemination in host populations, they are ideal targets for epizootiologi-cal study, being considered as important microbial control agents. Currently, 66 species …     

水稻花培育种技术操作和无性系变异体选择

概述了水稻花培育种的技术操作程序和细胞无性系变异的选择方法。选择合适的水稻花培起始材料,选用适宜的培养基配方,对于水稻花培中愈伤组织诱导和分化至关重要。某些增效因子（例如水解乳蛋白、单核苷酸、ＡｇＮＯ３等）可提高灿稻花培的绿苗分化率。无性系变异为农作物细胞工程育种提供丰富的选择材料。通过对细胞变异的研究,建立了裸米选择－测米培胚的技术方法,并选育出多个高蛋白量的水稻优质品种（品系）。     

显色培养基研究进展及其在微生物检测与诊断中的应用

显色培养基是一种新型微生物检测诊断试剂,它利用微生物产生特异性酶与相应显色底物反应而显现出某种特定颜色的原理,对微生物进行筛选分离.该方法具有特异性强和灵敏度高的特点,在微生物筛选鉴别方面快速准确,较传统培养基而言,可有效减轻因假阳性与假阴性造成微生物检测实验室繁重的工作量.本文旨在阐述国内外显色培养基目前研究进展及应用情况.     

重组枯草芽孢杆菌谷氨酰胺合成酶蛋白在改良M9培养基中的诱导表达

以重组枯草芽孢杆菌谷氨酰胺合成酶(L-谷氨酸:氨连接酶,Glutamine Synthetase, GS EC 6.3.1.2)蛋白表达宿主菌株BL21(DE3) (pET3C/谷氨酰胺合成酶)作为研究对象,借助SDS PAGE分析方法,对于用乳糖诱导由T7lac启动子控制的重组目的产物蛋白的各种基本参数进行了初步的研究.研究了最佳本底培养基、最佳碳源及其最佳添加比例、碳源与诱导物的最适组合,并探索了适用于改良型培养基的诱导参数.实验结果表明,对于重组目的产物蛋白,改良型M9培养基完全可以替代LB培养基;以甘油为碳源,可以避免葡萄糖对T7lac启动子的屏蔽作用.以乳糖为诱导物,目的蛋白的表达量、可溶性及酶活与以IPTG为诱导物基本接近.研究结果为酶法合成谷氨酰胺的工业化生产提供了一定的参考.