多巴胺修饰聚乙二醇的合成及与Fe~(3+)配位研究

利用对硝基苯基氯甲酸酯活化方法合成多巴胺(DOPA)末端修饰的线型聚乙二醇PEG-(DOPA)_2,通过核磁共振技术、紫外-可见分光光度法和动态流变学技术对产物结构和性质进行表征。实验结果表明,多巴胺与PEG-10000的偶联率高达98.0%;随着pH值增大(3.5~12),多巴胺基团与金属Fe~(3+)发生从一配位到稳定三配位结构的转变;在一定聚合物浓度下(≥9%(w/v,重量/体积比),多巴胺基团与Fe~(3+)的物质的量比为3:1)和pH=12时,PEG-(DOPA)_2与Fe~(3+)发生配位,引起PEG聚合物之间的交联,形成PEG-DOPA-Fe~(3+)水凝胶。该凝胶具有pH敏感性和自愈性等多功能性,在生物医学工程和水下机械涂层材料等领域具有潜在应用。     

聚吡啰红Y修饰电极上多巴胺的电化学行为及其伏安法检测

在玻碳电极上用电化学方法制备了聚吡 口罗 红Y修饰膜电极 ,并研究了此电极上多巴胺的电化学行为及其检测 聚吡 口罗 红Y修饰电极对多巴胺有良好的电催化能力 ,循环伏安图上出现一对灵敏、可逆的氧化还原峰 在最佳条件下 ,氧化峰电流与多巴胺浓度在 5 6× 10 -7～ 3 2× 10 -3 mol/L范围内呈良好线性关系 ,开路富集 2min ,检测限为 1 2× 10 -8mol/L 用于多巴胺针剂含量的测定 ,结果满意     

银掺杂聚L-酪氨酸修饰电极对多巴胺与Cr(VI)相互作用的电化学研究

文章利用银掺杂聚L-酪氨酸修饰电极研究多巴胺与Cr(VI)相互作用的电化学行为.结果表明,在多巴胺溶液中加入Cr(VI)后,多巴胺的氧化还原峰电位几乎没有发生变化,且没出现新峰,但峰电流值降低,说明Cr(VI)能与多巴胺发生氧化作用,导致多巴胺浓度降低,且在血液酸度中的电流差值大于胃液酸度中的电流差值.     

乙二醛衍生多巴胺的荧光光度法测定

建立了乙二醛作为荧光衍生剂测定多巴胺（DA）的新方法.DA与乙二醛反应生成一种强荧光物质,其最大激发波长是410 nm,最大发射波长是500 nm.DA的浓度在1.0×10-7～1.0×10-5 mol·L-1范围内与荧光强度呈线性关系,线性方程△F=1.24 CDA/10-7 mol·L-1 ＋0.47,线性相关系数为γ=0.999 2,检出限为4.27×10-8 mol·L-1.优化了实验条件（缓冲溶液种类、pH、反应时间和乙二醛的用量）,考察了干扰离子等对测定的影响,此法可用于注射液中DA含量的测定.     

聚组氨酸修饰电极测定多巴胺的研究

本文研究了多巴胺在聚组氨酸修饰电极上的循环伏安行为.在pH7.0的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,用线形扫描伏安法测定多巴胺的线性范围为:6.0×10-8～1.0×10-5mol/L,1.5×10-5～1.0×10-3mol/L,检出限为4×10-8mol/L.用于药剂中多巴胺的测定,结果满意.     

Nanostructured multilayer thin films of multiwalled carbon nanotubes/gold nanoparticles/glutathione for the electrochemical detection of dopamine

In the present study, multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), and glutathione (GSH) were used to fabricate multilayer nanoscale thin films. The composite thin films were fabricated by layer-by-layer technique as the films were constructed by the alternate deposition of cationic and anionic polyelectrolytes. The MWCNTs were modified via a noncovalent surface modification method using poly(diallydimethylammonium chloride) to form a cationic polyelectrolyte. An anionic polyelectrolyte was prepared by the chemical reduction of HAuCl4 using sodium citrate as both the stabilizing and reducing agent to form anionic AuNPs. GSH was used as an electrocatalyst toward the electro-oxidation of dopamine. The constructed composite electrode exhibits excellent electrocatalytic activity toward dopamine with a short response time and a wide linear range from 1 to 100 μmol/L. The limits of detection and quantitation of dopamine are (0.316±0.081) μmol/L and (1.054±0.081) μmol/L, respectively. The method is satisfactorily applied for the determination of dopamine in plasma and urine samples to obtain the recovery in the range from 97.90% to 105.00%.     

Type-2 copper-containing enzymes

Type-2 Cu sites are found in all the major branches of life and are often involved in the catalysis of oxygen species. Four type-2 Cu protein families are selected as model systems for review: amine oxidases, Cu monooxygenases, nitrite reductase/multicopper oxidase, and CuZn superoxide dismutase. For each model protein, the availability of multiple crystal structures and detailed enzymological studies provides a detailed molecular view of the type-2 Cu site and delineation of the mechanistic role of the Cu in biological function. Comparison of these model proteins leads to the identification of common properties of the Cu sites and insight into the evolution of the trinuclear active site found in multicopper oxidases. Received 6 July 2007; accepted 18 July 2007     

多巴胺的阳极微分脉冲伏安行为和在玻碳电极上反应速度常数的测定

本文采用玻碳电极为工作电极,以阳极微分脉冲伏安法测定多巴胺,研究多巴胺在不同pH和各种介质中的脉冲伏安行为.选择接近人体体液的pH和介质条件,其检出下限可达2.6×10~(-3)M.此法可用于药物类多巴胺含量的直接测定.此外,还以循环伏安法研究了多巴胺的电极反应动力学性质,测定了多巴胺在玻碳电极上的反应速度常数.     

Development of dopaminergic neurons in the mammalian brain

Dopaminergic neurons in the mammalian brain have received substantial attention in the past given their fundamental role in several body functions and behaviours. The largest dopaminergic population is found in two nuclei of the ventral midbrain. Cells of the substantia nigra pars compacta are involved in the control of voluntary movements and postural reflexes, and their degeneration in the adult brain leads to Parkinson’s disease. Cells of the ventral tegmental area modulate rewarding and cognitive behaviours, and their dysfunction is involved in the pathogenesis of addictive disorders and schizophrenia. Because of their clinical relevance, the embryonic development and maintenance of the midbrain dopaminergic cell groups in the adult have been intensively studied in recent years. In the present review, we provide an overview of the mechanisms and factors involved in the development of dopaminergic neurons in the mammalian brain, with a special emphasis on the midbrain dopaminergic population. Received 17 August 2005; received after revision 28 September 2005; accepted 21 October 2005     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">In vitro</Emphasis> induced dopaminergic differentiation of expanded rat mesencephalic neural stem cell

Recent progress in stem cell biology and recognition of the unique biological properties of stem cell have made it possible to treat the neurodegenerative diseases includ- ing Parkinson抯 disease (PD) by the approach of cell-re- placement and nutritional support with NSCs. Tissue re-construction based on the stem cells endowed us some unpredicted application and market opportunities. Studies in a variety of systems have highlighted perfect prospects for the application of stem cells in the t…