用于中间弹道测量的闪光X射线发生器研究

研究了用于中间弹道测量的闪光Ｘ射线的产生原理和测量方法，以研制的多次脉冲Ｘ射线产生器来作为对中间弹道区段弹丸姿态进行闪光Ｘ射线变管分幅摄影的脉冲Ｘ线射源，其主要技术性能满足了中间弹道测量的要求。     

逐步熔融凝固加工

介绍逐步熔融加工的原理，即向非诱导性的成形模内连续提供诱导性的颗粒或粉末状的原材料，利用高频加热使模内的材料熔化并保持一个较窄的区域，通过成形模与加热源的相对移动，使材料自下而上逐步地熔融和凝固，达到一次成形的目的，此外还介绍了它适应范围宽及制品的优良的物理和力学性能等优点。     

综合碱度对连铸保护渣黏性特征的影响

利用旋转黏度计,全面研究连铸保护渣的黏度、凝固温度和黏性活化能与碱度、综合碱度之间的关系.在本实验渣系条件下,随着综合碱度的增大,连铸保护渣的黏度、凝固温度和黏性活化能均逐渐减小,并且随着综合碱度的增大,其对黏性特征的影响作用逐渐减弱.利用连铸保护渣的黏度、凝固温度和黏性活化能与综合碱度的回归方程,可以全面考察渣中各组元对连铸保护渣黏性特征的影响作用,精确预测连铸保护渣的黏性特征.当综合碱度为2.0时,连铸保护渣的黏度为0.17 Pa.s,凝固温度为1 030℃,黏性活化能为120 kJ.mol-1.综合国内外连铸保护渣应用实践,连铸保护渣的综合碱度应大于2.0,此时连铸保护渣的黏性特征保持相...     

金属粉末激光烧结的动态凝固特征

在实验的基础上,分析了激光烧结成形过程中的凝固组织特征及其形核机制,讨论了烧结工艺参数和运动熔池形状特征对动态凝固特征的影响.对烧结体进行分析的结果表明:烧结体的组织是以枝晶和等轴晶二种组织形态交替叠加而成,形成整个制件的组织呈周期性重复出现.     

Phase-selection and metastable phase formation in highly undercooled eutectic Ni78.6Si21.4 alloys

A large undercooling (250 K) was achieved in eutectic Ni_78.6Si_21.4 melt by the combination of molten-glass denucleation and cyclic superheating. The metastable phase formation process in the bulk undercooled eutectic Ni_78.6Si_21.4 melts was investigated. With the increase of undercooling, different metastable phases form in eutectic Ni_78.6Si_21.4 melts and part of these metastable phases can be kept at room temperature through slow post-solidification. Under large undercooling, the metastable phases β₂-Ni₃Si, Ni₃₁Si₁₂ and Ni₃Si₂ were identified. Especially, the Ni₃Si₂ phase was obtained in eutectic Ni_78.6Si_21.4 alloy for the first time. Based on the principle of free energy minimum and transient nucleation theory, the solidification behavior of melts was analyzed with regard to the metastable phase formation when the melts were in highly undercooled state.     

Rapid dendrite growth in quaternary Ni-based alloys

Dendritic growth is one of the most common micro-structural formation mechanisms during crystal growth. Its morphology provides the kinetics information of crystal growth. Therefore, it is valuable to perform the research on rapid dendrite growth in order…     

镍钛形状记忆合金线坯连续定向凝固温度场的数值模拟

连续定向凝固过程中结晶器的温度分布对固-液界面位置和形状具有重要影响.在建立三维物理模型以及确定材料热物性参数、边界条件与冷却水对流换热系数计算方法的基础上,采用ANSYS有限元软件对不同参数组合条件下镍钛形状记忆合金线坯连续定向凝固的稳态温度场进行了数值模拟.研究结果表明,在所给定的模型及各种参数条件下,镍钛形状记忆合金在结晶器内可以完成凝固过程,且固-液界面呈平直状,具备了进行连续定向凝固制备的基本条件.     

FGH95合金雾化熔滴凝固热学参数数值计算

运用等效热容法对等离子旋转电极雾化（PREP）FGH95高温合金熔滴在冷却凝固过程中的凝固热学参数进行了数值计算，给出了雾化熔滴在凝固过程中固液界面前沿的温度梯度及固液界面移动速率随固相分数的变化关系以及熔滴冷却速率和凝固时间随熔滴尺寸的变化关系。     

Formation of ζ phase in Cu-Ge peritectic alloys

Rapid growth behavior of ζ phase has been investigated in the undercooling experiments of Cu-14%Ge, Cu-15%Ge, Cu-18.5%Ge and Cu-22%Ge alloys. Alloys of the four compositions obtain the maximum undercoolings of 202 K（0.17TL）, 245 K（0.20TL）, 223 K（0.20TL） and 176 K（0.17TL）, respectively. As the content of Ge increases, the microstructural transition of ＂a（Cu） dendrite ＋ ζ＂ peritectic phase → ζ＂ peritectic phase →, ζ dendrite ＋ （ε＋ζ） eutectic＂ takes place in the alloy at small undercooling, while the microstructural transition of ＂fragmented α （Cu）dendrite ＋ ζ peritectic phase →, ζ peritectic phase →ζ dendrite ＋ ε phase＂ happens in the alloy at large undercooling. EDS analysis of the Ge content in peritectic phase indicates that undercooling enlarges the solid solubility of ζ rdendrite, which leads to a decrease in the Ge content in ζ phase as undercooling increases. In the Cu-18.5%Ge alloy composed of ζ peritectic phase, the Ge content in ζ phase increases when undercooling increases, which is due to the restraint of the Ge enrichment on the grain boundaries by high undercooling effect.     

Mg-Zn-Al合金的组织稳定性与力学性能

采用金相分析、DSC分析和拉伸测试等手段研究了铝含量对Mg-6Zn合金显微组织、凝固特性和力学性能的影响.结果表明,Mg-6Zn-2Al合金晶粒相对细小,具有最佳的强度与塑性组合;Mg-6Zn-6Al合金中晶界处存在接近连续分布的粗大鱼骨状金属间化合物Mg17Al12相,导致合金抗拉强度和塑性下降.长时间退火试验表明,Mg-6Zn-2Al具有较高的组织稳定性.因此,Mg-6Zn-2Al合金是Mg-Zn-Al系合金的一个较佳成分组合.