瓜岛血战记（中）

9月12日夜,日军川口旅团约5000人向亨德森机场发动了一场精心谋划的进攻.海上的"东京特快"和飞机昼夜轰击配合作战.日军轮番进攻,美军浴血厮杀,双方伤亡非常惨重,最后,日军的攻势还是被挫败了.在拉包尔坐镇的百武晴吉、在特鲁克的山本以及东京大本营对这样一个小小机场竟如此顽固深为震怒,决定派精锐的仙台师团和名古屋师团增援瓜岛的川口,大批飞机抽调到拉包尔和布干维尔岛,山本的联合舰队主力也将再次配合作战,皇军为一个无名瓜岛下了巨大的赌注,更多的部队和装备被投进了"绞肉机".     

FROM MANUFACTURING SCHEDULING TO SUPPLY CHAIN COORDINATION：THE CONTROL OF COMPLEXITY AND UNCERTAINTY

With time-based competition and rapid technology advancements, effective manufacturingscheduling and supply chain coordination are critical to quickly respond to changing marketconditions. These problems, however, are difficult in view of inherent complexity and variousuncertainties involved. Based on a series of results by the authors, decomposition and coordination byusing Lagrangian relaxation is identified in this paper as an effective way to control complexity anduncertainty.A manufacturing scheduling problem is first formulated within the job shop context withuncertain order arrivals, processing times, due dates, and part priorities as a separable optimizationproblem. A solution methodology that combines Lagrangian relaxation, stochastic dynamicprogramming, and heuristics is developed. Method improvements to effectively solve large problemsare also highlighted. To extend manufacturing scheduling within a factory to coordinate autonomicmembers across chains of suppliers, a decentralized supply chai     

电子管的再现

电子学T模型又要出现,新型的电子管为集装在硅片中的不再发热的显微器件。     

日本的政体和在野党

日本的政体是议会内阁制。第二次世界大战前日本是天皇集权制,二战后变为议会制君主国。据1947年5月3日施行的《日本国宪法》,行政权属于内阁,国会是国家的最高权力机关,也是国家唯一的立法机关,天皇只是国家和国民整体的象征,并且天皇的“地位以主权所在的全体日本国民的意志为依据”,天皇只能行使宪法所规定的有关国事行为,“并无关于国政的权能”。日本实行政党政治,除自民党外,还有所谓三大在野党,即:社会党,1945年11月成立,现任中央执行委员长山花贞夫;公明党,1964年11月成立,现任中央执行委员长石田幸四郎;民社党,1960年1月成立,现任中央执行委员长大内启伍。此外,社会民主联合(简称“社民联”)也     

Variation in FTO contributes to childhood obesity and severe adult obesity

We identified a set of SNPs in the first intron of the FTO (fat mass and obesity associated) gene on chromosome 16q12.2 that is consistently strongly associated with early-onset and severe obesity in both adults and children of European ancestry with an experiment-wise P value of 1.67 x 10(-26) in 2,900 affected individuals and 5,100 controls. The at-risk haplotype yields a proportion of attributable risk of 22% for common obesity. We conclude that FTO contributes to human obesity and hence may be a target for subsequent functional analyses.     

tRNase Z: the end is not in sight

Although the enzyme tRNase Z has only recently been isolated, a plethora of data has already been acquired concerning the enzyme. tRNase Z is the endonuclease that catalyzes the removal of the tRNA 3′ trailer, yielding the mature tRNA 3′ end ready for CCA addition and aminoacylation. Another substrate cleaved by tRNase Z is the small chromogenic phosphodiester bis(p-nitrophenyl)phosphate (bpNPP), which is the smallest tRNase Z substrate known so far. Hitherto the biological function as tRNA 3′-end processing enzyme has been shown only in one prokaryotic and one eukaryotic organism, respectively. This review summarizes the present information concerning the two tRNase Z substrates pre-tRNA and bpNPP, as well as the metal requirements of tRNase Z enzymes. Received 29 March 2007; received after revision 15 May 2007; accepted 21 May 2007     

第五届全国科学方法论学术讨论会综述

2006年12月8日至10日,由中国自然辩证法研究会方法论委员会、武汉商贸学院和武汉东湖高新技术工业园联合举办的第五届全国科学方法论学术讨论会在武汉举行。来自全国各地的47名专家学者参加了讨论。其中,有近20名学者在会议上做了主题发言。     

二元多项式环中理想生成元个数的估计

对于两个变量的多项式环中的理想,我们给出了其有限生成基个数的一个最小上界的估计.并由例子说明此估计是最佳的.     

The regulation of ion channels and transporters by glycolytically derived ATP

Glycolysis is an evolutionary conserved metabolic pathway that provides small amounts of energy in the form of ATP when compared to other pathways such as oxidative phosphorylation or fatty acid oxidation. The ATP levels inside metabolically active cells are not constant and the local ATP level will depend on the site of production as well as the respective rates of ATP production, diffusion and consumption. Membrane ion transporters (pumps, exchangers and channels) are located at sites distal to the major sources of ATP formation (the mitochondria). We review evidence that the glycolytic complex is associated with membranes; both at the plasmalemma and with membranes of the endo/sarcoplasmic reticular network. We examine the evidence for the concept that many of the ion transporters are regulated preferentially by the glycolytic process. These include the Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase, the H⁺-ATPase, various types of Ca²⁺-ATPases, the Na⁺/H⁺ exchanger, the ATP-sensitive K⁺ channel, cation channels, Na⁺ channels, Ca²⁺ channels and other channels involved in intracellular Ca²⁺ homeostasis. Regulation of these pumps, exchangers and ion channels by the glycolytic process has important consequences in a variety of physiological and pathophysiological processes, and a better understanding of this mode of regulation may have important consequences for developing future strategies in combating disease and developing novel therapeutic approaches. Received 20 July 2007; received after revision 30 July 2007; accepted 17 August 2007