稀疏对数回归及其在基因选择中的应用

针对微阵列分类中涌现出的小样本、超高维问题,提出了一种同时进行基因选择和分类的稀疏对数回归学习机.结合部分自适应弹性网络惩罚与对数似然损失函数,提出了稀疏对数回归学习机,证明了该学习机能激励自适应群体基因选择效应.     

皮肤角质化细胞及KiPS在临床中的应用

角质化细胞是最常见的皮肤细胞类型,其通过分泌角蛋白而形成皮肤表面的角质层,从而防止机械损伤、紫外辐射及水分流失,在治疗皮肤烧伤方面角质化细胞倍受青睐。另外,由于其遗传操作较易、后期治疗效果理想,表皮角质化细胞被广泛用于皮肤非遗传疾病的基因治疗载体。由于近两年来角质化细胞来源的诱导多潜能干细胞的成功,使得角质化细胞在医学领域备受关注。     

Pedigree transmission disequilibrium test for quantitative traits in farm animals

General pedigrees are very common in farm animals,and the recent availability of large panels of SNPs in domestic species has given new momentum to the search for the mutations underlying variation in quantitative traits.In this paper,we proposed a new transmission disequilibrium test approach,called the pedigree transmission disequilibrium test,which deals with general pedigrees and quantitative traits in farm animals.Compared with the existing pedigree disequilibrium test (PDT) and general linear model-based method QTDT,our approach performed better with higher power and lower type I error,especially in scenarios where the quantitative trait locus (QTL) effect was small.We also investigated the application of our approach in selective genotyping design.Our simulation studies indicated that it was plausible to implement a selective genotyping strategy in the proposed pedigree transmission disequilibrium test.We found that our approach performed equally well or better when only some proportion of the individuals in the two tails were genotyped compared with its performance when all the individuals in the pedigree were genotyped.     

Genetic diversity in the Carabodes marginatus species group (Acarida,Oribatida, Carabodidae) as inferred from allozymes

Ten populations representing four species of the ‘Carabodes marginatus’ group, as C. marginatus, C. affinis, C. quadrangulus and C. montanus from central Italy have been studied for genetic variation at 16 enzymatic loci by electrophoresis. Morphotypes close to C. marginatus but easily distinguishable by the shorter marginal notogastral setae were also included in the analysis to evaluate their systematic status. Carabodes arduinii, a very different species from the ‘coriaceus’ group, was employed as an out-group. Phylogenetic relationships among different species were studied and inferred data demonstrated that cladogenetic events occurred, even though rates of molecular and morphological evolution do not correlate. Morphotypes related to C. marginatus were genetically very close to the type specimens, but a different pattern of allele frequency was observed in sympatric populations of the two setal forms. Possible explanations for this finding are suggested in relation to historical processes. The rate of gene flow among populations of the two morphs was estimated by both Wright's F _st and Slatkin's Nm methods. These two different procedures yielded contradictory results.     

兔防御素NP-1基因转化百合的研究

本研究以百合鳞片为外植体,用叶盘法将兔防御素NP-1基因导入百合中,经培养获得再生植株。通过抗生素筛选和PCR分析,证实为转基因植株。同时,对农杆菌转化过程中的一些影响因素进行了探讨。     

Cloning of aminopeptidase N promoter and its activity in hematopoietic cell and different tumor cell lines

Aminopeptidase N (APN) promoter region was cloned and sequenced from peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The recombinant reporter construct containing the promoter and luciferase gene, designated pXP1-APNLuc, was introduced into myeloblastic cell line, T lymphocyte cell line and various tumor cell lines. Luciferase assay showed that APN upstream promoter is myeloid-specific for high expression in myeloblastic cell line and much lower expression in T lymphocyte cell line. The promoter activity was relatively high in lung adenoma cell line compared with other tumor cell lines including hepatoma cell line, tong cancer cell line and esophageal cancer cell line in which the promoter activity significantly diminished or was almost undetectable. The characteristics of APN promoter may provide a new strategy for specific myeloprotection while tumor patients are being treated with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy.     

转基因动物的应用与展望

转基因动物是生物工程中一个新兴领域．它在基因表达与调控的基础理论研究、贵重药物生产、建立人类疾病模型动物、生产供人类移植用器官、培育家畜新品种等多方面得到应用，并显示出极优越的应用前景。