微波动态解吸参数对碱式硫酸铝再生的影响

碱式硫酸铝解吸法脱硫作为一种脱硫剂可再生并富产高纯SO2的再生法脱硫技术受到了国内外广泛关注。为强化热解吸性能,在微波动态解吸系统下研究了微波功率、脱硫富液流量对解吸性能的影响。结果表明,微波持续作用下动态解吸系统运行稳定并显示出很好的解吸效果。脱硫富液在解吸瓶中可稳定维持在目标解吸温度,而在解吸液缓冲瓶中得到较低温度水平以排除热解吸的影响。一定的脱硫富液流量和微波功率条件下,高微波功率和脱硫富液流量对解吸性能的促进作用明显,解吸终点解吸率达到72.26%和71.64%以上,解吸速率达到1.8745×10-4 mol?L-1?min-1和2.4435×10-4 mol?L-1?min-1以上。高微波功率下升温速率、解吸率、解吸速率有明显提升,微波解吸非热效应更为突出。高脱硫富液流量提高了循环倍率使微波的有效作用时间延长,这对解吸率和解吸速率的提高有利。     

Kinetics of the hydrogen absorption and desorption processes of hydrogen storage alloys: A review

High hydrogen absorption and desorption rates are two significant index parameters for the applications of hydrogen storage tanks.The analysis of the hydrogen absorption and desorption behavior using the isothermal kinetic models is an efficient way to investigate the kinetic mechanism.Multitudinous kinetic models have been developed to describe the kinetic process.However,these kinetic models were de-duced based on some assumptions and only appropriate for specific kinetic measurement methods and rate-controlling steps(RCSs),which sometimes lead to confusion during application.The kinetic analysis procedures using these kinetic models,as well as the key kinetic parameters,are unclear for many researchers who are unfamiliar with this field.These problems will prevent the kinetic models and their analysis methods from revealing the kinetic mechanism of hydrogen storage alloys.Thus,this review mainly focuses on the summarization of kinetic models based on different kinetic measurement methods and RCSs for the chemisorption,surface penetration,diffusion of hydrogen,nucleation and growth,and chemical reaction processes.The analysis procedures of kinetic experimental data are expounded,as well as the effects of temperature,hydrogen pressure,and particle radius.The applications of the kinetic models for different hydrogen storage alloys are also introduced.     

含瓦斯煤岩导电特性研究综述

随着我国煤炭开采及瓦斯抽采向更深层开发，对含瓦斯煤岩的导电特性评价技术要求更高，尤其是利用导电性预测深部高瓦斯煤岩层。本文系统梳理了近年来国内外含瓦斯煤岩导电性（煤电阻率）研究的相关文献，着重分析了应力变化、孔隙特征、变质程度以及煤岩吸附和解吸瓦斯过程中煤电阻率的变化机理，得出主控因素有：导电方式、残余形变、水-气置换等。为了实现从定性划分瓦斯带分布到定量计算瓦斯含量、煤矿安全开采过程中高瓦斯带预警以及瓦斯抽采过程中瓦斯含量精准预测，应从地球物理测井角度出发，深入剖析煤岩瓦斯含量与电阻率变化量间的定量关系，明确含瓦斯煤岩的导电机理，将是未来该领域的研究方向和发展趋势。