储层伤害源—定义、作用机理和描述体系

根据储层损害的特殊性和损害机理,将储层伤害源定义为:打开储层时,在温度压力环境下,由于储层内组分或外来组分与储层组分作用所发生的变化,导致岩石孔隙结构的调整并引起绝对渗透率降低的物质。储层伤害源包括内伤害源、外伤害源和复合伤害源三个部分。内伤害源是储层内固有的,外伤害源是引入的,复合伤害源是内、外伤害源相互作用的产物。伤害源作用机理研究表明,伤害源是一个复杂的系统,具有明显的结构层次和功能,可划分为五级描述体系,这就为保护油气层技术系统工程提供了理论依据。     

岩屑床层移运动内在机理的分析

环空内底层的岩屑床作层移运动,因其浓度较高而又属分散相固休,故其性质和连续分子、单颗岩屑均有很大差异.本文根据能量原理,分析了岩屑颗粒层与层之间相互摩攘、碰撞及流体的粘滞作用等因素对碰撞的倾率和动量传递、层移岩屑间离散力和摩擦力等内应力的影响关系,这些结论对于认识和研究层移岩屑床宏观现律是十分重要的.     

Weak-Keys in Public Key Cryptosystems Based on Discrete Logarithms

The discrete logarithm method is the foundation of many public key algorithms. However, one type of key, defined as a weak-key, reduces the security of public key cryptosystems based on the discrete logarithm method. The weak-key occurs if the public key is a factor or multiple of the primitive element, in which case the user＇s private key is not needed but can be obtained based on the character of the public key. An algorithm is presented that can easily test whether there is a weak-key in the cryptosystem. An example is given to show that an attack can be completed for the Elgamal digital signature if a weak-key exists, therefore validating the danger of weak-keys. Methods are given to prevent the generation of these weak-keys.