甘氨酸燃烧法制备纳米晶CoFe2O4铁氧体及烧结温度对其磁性能的影响

利用甘氨酸作为燃料和配合剂, 采用自蔓延燃烧法制备纳米晶钴铁氧体, 并通过X射线衍射、 扫描电子显微镜和振动样品磁强计表征样品的结构和磁性能. 结果表明, 平均晶粒尺寸对样品的磁性能影响较大, 晶粒尺寸随烧结温度的变化而变化, 并得到了矫顽力H_c和比饱和磁化强度σ_s随烧结温度的变化曲线.      

亲和吸附固体基质室温燐光法测定痕量糖

在外重原子微扰剂Pb（Ac）2存在下,异硫氰酸荧光素（FITC）的SiO2纳米微球（简写作FITC—SiO2）在醋酸纤维素膜（ACM）上能发射强而稳定的室温燐光（room temperature phosphorescence,简称RTP）信号．由FITC-SiO2标记的麦胚凝集素（Triticum vulgate lectin,简称WGA）产物（FITC-SiO2-WGA）,不仅仍能在ACM上与萄萄糖（glucose,简称G）发生定量的特异性亲和吸附（affinity adsorption,简称AA）反应,且AA反应产物（WGA-G—WGA-FITC-SiO2）能发射更强的RTP信号,其△Ip值与G的含量成线性关系,据此建立了FITC-SiO2标记WGA-AA固体基质室温燐光法（affinity adsorption solid substrate-room temperature phosphorimetry,简称AASSRTP）测定G的一种新方法．按3Sb／k计算,本方法的检出限（LD）为0．47pg spot^-1（对应浓度为1．2×10^-9m L^-1,即5．3×10^-9 mol L^-1）,灵敏度高,用本法和G氧化酶法对比测定了血清试样中G的含量,结果相吻合．同时讨论了AASSRTP测定G的反应机理．     

Multifunctional to multistage delivery systems: The evolution of nanoparticles for biomedical applications

Nanomaterials are advancing in several directions with significant progress being achieved with respect to their synthesis, functionalization and biomedical application. In this review, we will describe several classes of prototypical nanocarriers, such as liposomes, silicon particles, and gold nanoshells, in terms of their individual function as well as their synergistic use. Active and passive targeting, photothermal ablation, and drug controlled release constitute some of the crucial functions identified to achieve a medical purpose. Current limitations in targeting, slow clearance, and systemic as well as local toxicity are addressed in reference to the recent studies that attempted to comprehend and solve these issues. The demand for a more sophisticated understanding of the impact of nanomaterials on the body and of their potential immune response underlies this discussion. Combined components are then discussed in the setting of multifunctional nanocarriers, a class of drug delivery systems we envisioned, proposed, and evolved in the last 5 years. In particular, our third generation of nanocarriers, the multistage vectors, usher in the new field of nanomedicine by combining several components onto multifunctional nanocarriers characterized by emerging properties and able to achieve synergistic effects.     

聚1H-咪唑-4-甲酸-纳米氧化锌复合膜修饰电极的制备及其对抗坏血酸、多巴胺和尿酸的同时测定

采用电化学法在滴涂纳米氧化锌(ZnO)的玻碳电极(GCE)上聚合修饰1H-咪唑-4-甲酸(HIMC),制得聚1H-咪唑-4-甲酸-纳米ZnO(PHIMC-ZnO)复合膜修饰的GCE(PHIMC-ZnO/GCE),并用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)及电化学方法对修饰电极的形貌和电化学特性进行了表征.利用循环伏安法(CV)和差分脉冲伏安法(DPV)研究了抗坏血酸(AA)、多巴胺(DA)和尿酸(UA)在该修饰电极上的电化学行为.结果表明:在pH值为7.0的磷酸盐缓冲溶液(PBS)中,PHIMC-ZnO/GCE对AA,DA和UA均具有良好的电催化作用.在优化的实验条件下,AA,DA和UA的物质的量浓度线性范围分别为80～1 400,0.15～45.00和2～120μmol·L~(-1),相关系数分别为0.998 0,0.993 7和0.998 3,检出限(S/N=3)分别为0.50,0.03和0.09μmol·L~(-1).AA,DA和UA在不同扫速下的电化学行为表明:AA,DA和UA在PHIMC-ZnO/GCE上的电极过程受吸附过程控制,将PHIMC-ZnO/GCE应用于尿样和血清中AA,DA和UA的同时测定,结果令人满意.     

Magnetic properties of perpendicularly orientated L1<Subscript>0</Subscript> FePt nanoparticles

L10 FePt films were deposited on MgO (001) substrates heated to 700°C by magnetron sputtering.Assisted by the misfit of lattice between film and substrate,strong (001) texture was formed.The film at nominal thickness t N=5 nm was composed of nanoparticles with a size of～70 nm,and showed a high coercivity of～105 kOe at 4.2 K.At t N=～50 nm,as the film changed from discontinuous to continuous,the coercivity dropped about one order of magnitude.Micromagnetic simulation implies that the magnetization reversal is...     

不同粒度纳米氧化镁的制备及其红外吸收特性

以不同粒度的纳米氧化镁为研究对象,通过XRD,IR等测试手段对样品进行表征,针对纳米氧化镁的红外吸波性能进行研究.红外光谱分析结果表明:在400～600 cm-1的范围内吸收峰宽化,红外吸收能力显著增强;纳米氧化镁红外吸收域红移、蓝移共存,随着粒径的减小IR光谱先发生蓝移,当粒径在50 nm附近时出现拐点,发生红移.晶体场效应往往导致吸收峰的宽化,这是由于纳米微晶的"表面原子效应".纳米粒子粒径的减小会导致原来常规块体材料的谱带精细结构消失,从而形成宽而平的吸收带.     

模板法制备银纳米点阵活性基底及其用于葡萄糖的高灵敏检测

介绍了基于超薄氧化铝模板(ultra-thin alumina mask, UTAM)制备的金属银纳米点阵表面增强拉曼散射(surface-enhanced Raman scattering, SERS)活性基底用于葡萄糖的高灵敏检测方法. 以UTAM为模板, 采用真空镀膜制备了大面积高度有序的银纳米点阵活性基底. 该基底的表面经过预处理, 吸附了一层癸硫醇/巯基己醇自组装分子层, 可用于检测葡萄糖. 研究结果表明, 该基底使葡萄糖分子的表面拉曼增强信号得到极大增强, 且增强信号均一稳定、检测灵敏, 特征峰的强度相对标准偏差小于10%. 该制备方法具有易操作、成本低的特点.     

纳米ATO/聚合物杂化粒子的乳液聚合法制备及表征

通过乳液聚合法成功地将具有红外屏蔽功能的纳米ATO粒子包覆在聚合物内。电子透射电镜观察显示纳米ATO粒子存在于杂化乳胶粒子内。当添加的ATO重量比率为2.7%时,包覆效率达到最大值54.5%。紫外-可见光-近红外光谱结果显示,随着添加的ATO重量比率的增加,近红外透过率逐渐减少,而可见光透射率变化很小。含纳米ATO的杂化膜显示出优异的高可见光透过率而近红外被屏蔽的能力,可用于节能的透明隔热涂料。     

纳米明胶粒子的制备及其表面改性

用改进的二次单凝聚法制备了粒径在100nm左右的纳米明胶粒子,并考察了凝聚剂用量,pH值,胶凝时间和固化时间等因素的影响。得到最佳的工艺条件为：凝聚剂的体积分数为0．444,pH值为3．8,胶凝时间为10min,固化时间为25min。通过吸附聚对苯乙烯磺酸钠(PSS),对明胶粒子进行表面改性,使其表面带有负电荷,用反滴定的方法测得最大吸附量为每克明胶粒子吸附8．23mg PSS,为后期在表面吸附带有正电荷的药物打下了基础。     

纳米SiO2／环氧树脂复合材料的制备和性能

通过超声波分散和偶联剂处理的方法使纳米 Ｓｉ Ｏ２ 粒子在环氧树脂中充分分散,制得了纳米 Ｓｉ Ｏ２／ 环氧树脂复合材料．利用拉伸测试 、冲击测试、热失重分析等方法对该复合材料的性能进行了研究,结果表明,纳米 Ｓｉ Ｏ２ 粒子较大地提高了环氧树脂的拉伸强度、冲击强度、断裂伸长率、热稳定性等性能．