基于多模态特征的光鄄SAR 图像融合配准算法

针对可见光和合成孔径雷达(SAR: Synthetic Aperture Radar)图像融合问题, 在图像预处理基础上, 从像素级特征、纹理级特征及边缘轮廓特征等多模态入手, 优化现有同源图像的配准融合算法。利用改进的SURF(Speeded Up Robust Features)算子、纹理分析及轮廓提取算法, 获取待融合图像的多模态和多尺度特征。通过模糊尺度标准化, 使异源图像特征对能更好地适应特征间的差异性, 从而能进行相似性的比较, 结合模糊相关系数法, 确保配准融合的精度, 实现光鄄SAR 图像信息的有效融合。与传统配准融合方法进行比较的实验结果表明, 该算法可提高光鄄SAR 配准的精度和适应性, 使配准融合的平均准确率达到87. 7%, 可满足较高精度的配准融合需求。     

GPS辅助的FMCW SAR成像运动补偿

针对小型无人机装载FMCW SAR脉内运动误差较大的情况,提出GPS数据辅助的SAR成像运动补偿方法。运用新的补偿函数对全成像场景分步骤补偿航迹法平面运动误差,采用非均匀的离散傅里叶变换校正航迹前向速度误差,从而正确补偿三维方向的运动误差,实现一定分辨力要求下的成像。仿真证明了方法有效性。     

一种基于KummerU分布的SAR图像统计建模方法

提出一种基于KummerU分布的SAR图像统计建模方法。首先在SAR图像乘积模型框架下,假设SAR图像的相干斑和雷达截面积分量分别服从Gamma分布和Fisher分布,导出了SAR图像的KummerU分布。接着,基于Mellin变换得到了KummerU分布的对数累积量参数估计方法。最后,利用KummerU分布对TerraSAR-X和AIRSAR系统获取的不同场景的SAR图像数据进行统计建模。定性和定量分析的实验结果表明,与经典SAR图像分布模型相比,KummerU分布具有更优的SAR图像统计建模能力。     

基于人芳香酶的雄甾烷衍生物抗乳腺癌构效关系研究

为研究以雄甾烷衍生物作为人芳香酶抑制剂的构效关系,以ZINC数据库中80%相似性的5045种类似结构化合物为配体,利用蛋白质晶体数据(3EQM)通过Sybyl软件中的SurFlex模块进行分子对接虚拟筛选并打分,得到分值在8.0分以上的25个化合物作为中靶化合物.     

超宽带合成孔径雷达

超宽带合成孔径雷达（ＵＷＢＳＡＲ）是目前国内外的研究热点之一，在军用、民用等方面具有广泛的应用前景。以Ｐ３ ＵＷＢＳＡＲ、ＳＲＩ等超宽带系统为例，从三个方面阐述了ＵＷＢＳＡＲ的特点：在回波模型上，分析了ＵＷＢＳＡＲ的回波相位特征为一双曲函数，而并非常规窄带ＳＡＲ的二次函数；在成像算法方面，阐述了ＵＷＢＳＡＲ的特殊性；在运动补偿方面，分析了ＵＷＢＳＡＲ运动补偿的难点。     

应用于SAR的一种波形及多普勒效应补偿技术

常规合成孔径雷达（ＳＡＲ）利用线性调频信号获得纵向距离高分辨，但一般要求系统瞬时大带宽和高速Ａ／Ｄ变换器。目前引起雷达界广泛关注的步进频率脉冲串波形可以在不要求系统瞬时大带宽和高速Ａ／Ｄ采样率的情况下获得径向距离高分辨［１］。着重研究分析此种波形在ＳＡＲ中的应用及其多普勒效应并提出一种纵向距离合成高分辨成像时的多普勒二次相位的补偿方法，从而消除了纵向距离分辨率的恶化和信噪比损失     

优化DPC-MAB SAR性能的自适应阵列配置技术

偏置相位中心方位多波束（displaced phase centers multiple azimuth beam, DPC-MAB）模式有效地提高了星载合成孔径雷达(synthetic aperture radar, SAR)系统的高分辨大测绘带(high resolution wide swath, HRWS)观测能力,但是脉冲重复频率（pulse repetition frequency, PRF）偏离均匀采样要求的最优值时,信号重构的性能会有恶化。依赖于有源相控阵天线灵活的波束形成能力,通过自适应地调整相位中心间距可以实现任意脉冲重复频率下的均匀采样,从而使得系统在信号重构、方位模糊抑制比以及信噪比等方面的性能得以优化。依赖于这样的阵列配置,还能够在无附加独立发射孔径的条件下实现多发多收（multiple-input multiple-output, MIMO）系统,进一步扩展系统功能。     

Airport automatic detection in large space-borne SAR imagery

A method to detect airports in large space-borne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery is studied. First, the large SAR imagery is segmented according to amplitude characteristics using maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimator based on the heavytailed Rayleigh model. The attention is then paid on the object of interest (OOI) extracted from the large images. The minimumarea enclosing rectangle (MER) of OOI is created via a rotating calipers algorithm. The projection histogram (PH) of MER for OOI is then computed and the scale and rotation invariant feature for OOI are extracted from the statistical characteristics of PH. A support vector machine (SVM) classifier is trained using those feature parameters and the airport is detected by the SVM classifier and Hough transform. The application in space-borne SAR images demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

Phase synchronization processing method for alternating bistatic mode in distributed SAR

In the distributed synthetic aperture radar(SAR),the alternating bistatic mode can perform phase reference without a synchronization link between two satellites compared with the pulsed alternate synchronization method.The key of the phase synchronization processing is to extract the oscillator phase differences from the bistatic echoes.A signal model of phase synchronization in the alternating bistatic mode is presented.The phase synchronization processing method is then studied.To reduce the phase errors introduced by SAR imaging,a sub-aperture processing method is proposed.To generalize the sub-aperture processing method,an echo-domain processing method using correlation of bistatic echoes is proposed.Finally,the residual phase errors of the both proposed processing methods are analyzed.Simulation experiments validate the proposed phase synchronization processing method and its phase error analysis results.     

Geosensing systems engineering for ocean security and sustainable coastal zone management

<正>Three major threats to ocean security and coastal zone sustainability - global warming,the loss of ocean biodiversity,and pollution - are combining to threaten the ecological integrity of our marine environment and life support systems.We put forward a geomatics-based systems engineering architecture to identify the location and extent of oil spills,thereby improving the ecological integrity of the world's oceans and helping contingency planners to determine required assets,personnel and other resources.This real-time,event-based and cost effective emergency management decision support system can aid in the classification,detection,and monitoring of oil spills in the marine environment.The developed Synthetic-Aperture Radar(SAR) processing and calibration techniques efficiently monitor environmental changes in inaccessible ocean regions,characterize oil spill scenarios,and help to identify spill sources.The system is used to improve emergency management in the Gulf of Mexico,with application to oil spills arising from Hurricane Katrina.