拓扑绝缘体量子点中的磁交换相互作用

从理论上研究了拓扑绝缘体量子点中的磁交换相互作用.在拓扑绝缘体量子点中,边缘态电子数可以通过量子点的尺寸和外加电场进行调控.当量子点中掺入单个磁离子并且边缘态填充奇数电子时,电子与单个磁离子之间的交换相互作用达到最大值;而边缘态填充偶数电子时,电子与单个磁离子之间的交换相互作用消失.当量子点中掺入2个磁离子时,电子与Mn离子的sp-d相互作用会出现奇偶振荡行为,Mn离子间的相互作用取决于Mn离子间距和量子点壳层中的电子数,表现出典型的Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida型间接交换机制.工作澄清了拓扑绝缘体量子点壳层结构对其磁性的影响,有助于人们设计基于拓扑绝缘体量子点的自旋电子学或量子信息器件.     

基于双向流固耦合模型的溃坝水流数值模拟

弹性结构在运动流体的作用下会产生动力响应,对结构本身的安全性和耐久性都提出了更高的要求。使用开源计算流体力学软件OpenFOAM和开源计算固体力学软件CalculiX建立双向流固耦合模型,对溃坝水流冲击刚性结构和弹性结构的过程进行了数值模拟。首先对比了代数流体体积法和几何流体体积法在分析溃坝水流冲击刚性结构时的精度,结果表明几何流体体积法能够更为准确地模拟剧烈变化的自由液面。进一步采用几何流体体积法对溃坝水流冲击弹性结构的双向耦合问题进行了分析,弹性结构的动力响应和自由液面的分析结果与前人的数值结果吻合良好,表明目前的数值模型可以应用到实际工程的流固耦合分析中。     

Vlazov地基上Reissner板相互作用的加权残值分析法

以Vlazov双参数弹性地基上Reissner中厚板为研究对象,建立地基与中厚板相互作用的控制微分方程,运用B样条函数为试函数的加权残值法进行了分析求解,并结合Matlab软件编制程序进行算例分析.算例表明,对于Vlazov地基上四边简支的Reissner板,板的弯剪刚度比的增大可有效地减小板的挠度,亦即减小地基的变形;考虑地基的横向连续性可合理地修正板的挠度和弯矩的值,使其与工程实际更相符.本方法只需划分稀疏的离散网格,便可得到与精确解吻合较好的数值结果,其计算效率与精度均优于全域离散的有限元法.     

贮热材料PG-PE二元体系相图的构筑

多元醇在固—固相变时能够可逆地吸收大量的热,因此可与建筑材料复合用作贮热介质,特别是三羟甲基乙烷(PG)和季戊四醇(PE)构成的二元体系,有很宽的适宜于太阳能贮存的温度范围,现利用差示扫描量热及变温红外光谱技术测定了PG—PE二元体系相图,确定该相图为完全互溶型,并讨论了结构对多元醇互溶度的影响,相图的构筑为贮热材料的应用提供了理论基础。     

基于二氧化硅的量子点荧光纳米颗粒制备

多步制备了Si02-CdTe QDs荧光纳米颗粒,包括表面氨基化SiO2纳米颗粒载体、组装于载体表面的CdTeQDs壳以及最外层的二氧化硅壳。制备的SiO2-CdTe QDs荧光纳米颗粒性能稳定,紫外吸收和荧光发射增强明显。最外层的SiO2壳保证量子点的化学和光学稳定性的同时,还有助于表面生物基团的修饰。可以预见,SiO2-CdTe QDs荧光纳米颗粒作为生物探针将来应用于生化分析研究的广阔前景。     

虚拟现实技术在企业自动化流程界面中的初步研究

初步研究了一种基于虚拟现实技术的新型企业自动化流程界面,并运用几何式虚拟环境构建法建立可交互的三维企业流程图模型－Virtual Workshop。配合漫游、按键、抓握三种手势,用户能在八个方向上自由地进行虚拟漫步。特别是采用虚拟仪表对数据进行定时采集和实时显示,并结合碰撞检测技术实现了对虚拟仪表的数据设定,以及抓握、移动、释放虚拟设备的三维交互功能。     

Pharmacological manipulation of L-carnitine transport into L6 cells with stable overexpression of human OCTN2

The high-affinity Na+-dependent carnitine transporter OCTN2 (SLC22A5) has a high renal expression and reabsorbs most filtered carnitine. To gain more insight into substrate specificity of OCTN2, we overexpressed hOCTN2 in L6 cells and characterized the structural requirements of substances acting as human OCTN2 (hOCTN2) inhibitors. A 1905-bp fragment containing the hOCTN2 complete coding sequence was introduced into the pWpiresGFP vector, and L6 cells were stably transduced using a lentiviral system. The transduced L6 cells revealed increased expression of hOCTN2 on the mRNA, protein and functional levels. Structural requirements for hOCTN2 inhibition were predicted in silico and investigated in vitro. Essential structural requirements for OCTN2 inhibition include a constantly positively charged nitrogen atom and a carboxyl, nitrile or ester group connected by a 2-4-atom linker. Our cell system is suitable for studying in vitro interactions with OCTN2, which can subsequently be investigated in vivo.     

A conformationally isoformic thermophilic protein with high kinetic unfolding barriers

The basis for the stability of thermophilic proteins is of fundamental interest for extremophile biology. We investigated the folding and unfolding processes of the homotetrameric Thermoanaerobacter brockii alcohol dehydrogenase (TBADH). TBADH subunits were 4.8 kcal/mol less stable towards guanidinium chloride (GdmCl) unfolding compared to urea, indicating ionic modulation of TBADH stability. Strongly denaturing conditions promoted mono-exponential unfolding kinetics with linear dependence on denaturant concentration. Here TBADH unfolded >40-fold slower when extrapolated from urea as compared to GdmCl unfolding. A marked unfolding hysteresis was shown when comparing refolding and unfolding in urea. An unusual biphasic unfolding trajectory with an exceptionally slow phase at intermediate concentrations of GdmCl and urea was also observed. We advocate that TBADH forms two distinctly different tetrameric isoforms, and likely an ensemble of native states. This unusual supramolecular folding behavior has been shown responsible for formation of amyloidotic yeast prion strains and can have functional importance for TBADH. Received 9 November 2007; received after revision 19 December 2007; accepted 8 January 2008     

G protein βγ subunits: Central mediators of G protein-coupled receptor signaling

G protein betagamma subunits are central participants in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathways. They interact with receptors, G protein alpha subunits and downstream targets to coordinate multiple, different GPCR functions. Much is known about the biology of Gbetagamma subunits but mysteries remain. Here, we will review what is known about general aspects of structure and function of Gbetagamma as well as discuss emerging mechanisms for regulation of Gbetagamma signaling. Recent data suggest that Gbetagamma is a potential therapeutic drug target. Thus, a thorough understanding of the molecular and physiological functions of Gbetagamma has significant implications.