Some evidence of drying trend over northern China from 1951 to 2004

The surface wetness index, Palmer drought sererity index and the retrieval of soil moisture over China were calculated using monthly precipitation and monthly mean surface air temperature. Based on the contrast analysis of the variation of the above three indices and precipitation, the dry/wet spatio-temporal pattern of northern China in the last 54 years was revealed, and the evidence of drying trend over northern China was analyzed, especially. The results show the following four facts: (1) The drying trend is the main characteristic of the eastern part of Northwest China and the central part of North China since the 1980s and it was enhanced in the last 15 years mainly due to the precipitation decrease and the temperature increase; (2) During the last 54 years, there was only one dry/wet shift at the interdecadal scale occurring in the eastern part of Northwest China and the central part of North China in the late 1970s, which was related to 1977/1978 global abrupt change, whereas there were three shifts in Northeast China, one was in the mid 1990s and the other two were in 1965 and 1983, respectively; (3) Unlike the variation trend of other subregions of northern China, the western part of Northwest China is currently located in a relatively wetting period, which is weak-ened due to the temperature increase; (4) The extreme drought frequency is obviously increasing in the eastern part of Northwest China, the central part of North China and Northeast China since the 1980s, which is closely related to the precipitation decrease and temperature increase in these subregions.     

文学思潮视野下的现象——“五·四”时期问题小说初探

从文学思潮的概念出发,从分析文学思潮的实践形态入手,以“五·四”时期出现的“问题小说”这一具体现象为例,分析其理论主张、整体风格及相应作家的创作实践,从而由这些表面的“群”的现象寻找以现实主义创作方法为重要组成部分的“五·四”启蒙主义文学思潮的特性。     

论企业经营战略的趋势

面对21世纪,面对市场竞争中出现的许多新态势,面对知识经济在世界范围已初见端倪的新情况,企业经营战略的研究与设计就显得更加重要,从某种意义上,也可以说具有相当的紧迫性。本文正是从八个方面对企业经营战略的发展趋势进行了论证。     

日本普通高中教育发展的新走向

通过对日本高中新课程标准、相关法规及报告等新近文献的深入解读。揭示了日本普通高中教育发展的新走向：高中教育目标的法定化、高中性质定位于“国民性中等教育机构”、选修科目成为课程重心、学校经营权限从教育委员会部分转移到学校、导入“学校评议员”制度、加强学生学力评价的综合性与客观性、发展特色化新型高中．     

指纹图像质量评价系统

指纹图像质量评价系统对于提高整个自动指纹识别系统的性能具有非常重要的意义 .在选取了指纹图像的总体灰度均值、块水平下的灰度均值和灰度方差、点方向信息、块方向信息作为评价因子后 ,首先求取各质量评价因子以及在其基础上的质量分 ,然后综合考虑各种评价因子求取总的质量分 ,最后给出最终的评价结果 .     

非线性动态网络/系统（N/S）模型辨识与故障诊断

采用方波脉冲函数变换（BPFT）对一类非线性动态N/S混合模型(H1,B)进行了辨识，导出了计算混合模型（H1,B）的相关公式和N/S响应的伏特劳级数解在方波域内的离散递推算式，解决了一类非线性动态N/S模型的数值计算问题.在此基础上，提出了一种基于多重预置模型的非线性N/S的故障诊断方法，该法通过检验各个预设模型与N/S当前状态的匹配程度来判断N/S是否处于某种故障状态，而无须在线估算N/S当前的模型及分析其特征，从而极大地减轻了在线计算工作量，可实现在线故障诊断.给出了故障诊断实例，实验结果表明该法故障诊断的准确率达到80％～90％.     

指纹识别系统的分析与研究

介绍了一种新型的指纹识别装置(晶体传感器的指纹识别装置)，并借此分析和研究了指纹识别系统的识别原理和设计方法，这些原理和方法对指导和优化指纹识别系统的设计提供了依据。     

海洋环境下锈裂钢筋混凝土构件截面抗弯刚度识别

钢筋混凝土结构锈裂后的构件截面刚度是表征锈裂损伤程度的重要指标．根据模态频率变化与弯曲刚度变化的关系，提出了锈裂钢筋混凝土结构构件截面抗弯刚度识别的方法，绘制锈裂损伤后抗弯刚度识别图，根据实测模态频率可以识别出锈裂钢筋混凝土构件抗弯刚度．通过弯曲试验实测锈裂构件抗弯刚度，结果与识别结果吻合较好．     

基于小波和神经网络的目标识别方法

基于高分辨一维距离像，对雷达信号目标识别的小波分析和神经网络方法进行了理论研究和实验分析。小波变换起到了数据压缩作用，并且用不同的小波得到不同的结果。ISAR获得的三种飞机目标真实回波数据所形成的一维距离像作为实验数据，并且用神经网络对目标分类器进行了设计。     

Robot Calibration Using Active Vision-based Measurement

This paper presents an efficient robot calibration method with non-contact vision metrology. Using the coplanar pattern to calibrate camera made the active-vision-based end-effector pose measurement be a feasible and cost-effective way. Kinematic parameter errors were linearized and identified through two-step procedure, thus the singular and non-linear condition was overcome. These errors were then compensated using inverse model method. The whole calibration process is flexible, easy to implement and prevents the error propagation from the earlier stages to the later ones. Calibration was performed on MOTOMAN SV3 industrial robot. Experiment results show that the proposed method is easy to setup and with satisfactory accuracy.