Rapid growth cost in “all-fish” growth hormone gene transgenic carp:Reduced critical swimming speed

Evidence has accumulated that there is a trade-off between benefits and costs associated with rapid growth. A trade-off between growth rates and critical swimming speed (Ucrit) had been also reported to be common in teleost fish. We hypothesize that growth acceleration in the F3 generation of "all-fish" growth hormone gene (GH) transgenic common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) would reduce the swimming abilities. Growth and swimming performance between transgenic fish and non-transgenic controls were compared. The results showed that transgenic fish had a mean body weight 1.4―1.9-fold heavier,and a mean specific growth rate (SGR) value 6%―10% higher than the controls. Transgenic fish,however,had a mean absolute Ucrit (cm/s) value 22% or mean relative Ucrit (BL/s) value 24% lower than the controls. It suggested that fast-growing "all-fish" GH-transgenic carp were inferior swimmers. It is also supported that there was a trade-off between growth rates and swimming performance,i.e. faster-growing individuals had lower critical swimming speed.     

外源基因在转基因马铃薯植株中的异常表达

根癌农杆菌感染马铃薯叶盘伤口细胞并进行共培养转化，感染叶盘筛选培养基上可获得卡那霉象抗性的转化愈伤组织，并在转化细胞中检测到ＮＰＴⅡ酶活性，在两种分化培养基上转化愈伤组织的分化率分别为１７％和２０％，ＤＮＡ分子杂交证实以双向载体质粒ＰＰＺＨ１上的ｎｐｔⅡ基因和ｚｅｉｎ－ＨＥＡＡＥ融俣基因均已导入并整合到马铃薯再生植株基因组中，导入的外源基因引起了转基因气生块茎中氨基酸组分的变化，大多数氨基酸含量有     

Tabtoxin Tolerance in Transgenic Tobacco Plant Expressing a Tabtoxin Resistant Gene

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Studies on the thyroid in transgenic mice expressing the genes for human and bovine growth hormone

Summary The thyroid glands of transgenic mice (TM) expressing the genes for human (h) and bovine (b) growth hormone (GH) were studied. The percentages of larger follicles inhGH TM of either sex were significantly greater than in the corresponding normal littermates, and follicles ranging up to 350 m in diameter were present in malehGH TM. In contrast, thyroid follicles were only slightly enlarged in malebGH TM, and were unchanged in femalebGH TM. The serum concentrations of T4 were significantly decreased in malebGH TM and not altered in the other groups. Serum concentrations of T3 were slightly, but significantly increased in femalehGH TM and femalebGH TM, but were unaffected in male TM of either type. Since the principal difference between these foreign GHs in rodents is the additional lactogenic activity of human GH, these results may indicate that the effects of prolactin can influence the development of the thyroid.     

MeCP2转基因食蟹猴所表征的类自闭症行为及种系传递

 自闭症是近年来公众关注度很高的一种神经系统疾病，甲基化CpG结合蛋白2（MeCP2）因其能够在转录水平调节基因表达和操控微小RNA（miRNA）的效应而在自闭症中扮演着重要的角色。当MeCP2因突变而功能缺失时会导致瑞特综合症（Rett syndrome），而当MeCP2拷贝数过多则会导致一种名为MeCP2重复综合症的自闭症。虽然目前科学家已经构建成功了MeCP2的转基因小鼠，但在这种小鼠模型中无法很好地观察到类似人类自闭症的表型。本研究组通过慢病毒侵染的方法构建了能在神经系统中特异表达人源MeCP2的转基因食蟹猴模型，并通过深度测序检测出了转基因插入位点以及通过免疫印迹（westernblot）确证了外源基因的表达。该转基因食蟹猴模型在行动、社交及情绪方面表现出明显的类似自闭症行为，并呈现转基因的种系传递现象。这些结果表明通过基因编辑技术构建非人灵长类模型在脑疾病研究中的重要性。     

合系42号AGP转基因株系产量性状研究

粳稻品种合系42号经AGP基因导入后，得到性状稳定的转基因株系，经品比试验，有1个株系的产量高于对照且有显著差异，初步认为转基因水稻材料可能是通过提高结实率来提高产量。     

Fibrillin转基因油菜的再生及其光合特性的检测

用根癌农杆菌共培养法，以带有1～2 mm子叶柄的完整子叶为转化受体，将连有35S启动子和NPTⅡ标记基因的Fibrillin cDNA导入甘蓝型油菜主要栽培品种“2005南系”中，获得抗卡那霉素的转基因植株.对部分经卡那霉素筛选得到的再生植株进行PCR检测，有来自3个株系的植株表现为阳性，初步证实外源基因已整合到植物细胞基因组中.将转基因植株炼苗后移入大田，在3月初到4月末油菜开花结果期间，对叶片和角果进行光合指标和叶绿素荧光指标的检测以及产量性状分析，发现转基因植株和非转基因植株之间存在明显差异.     

Spexin转基因小鼠的构建及表型初步分析

Spexin是一种具有多种生物学功能的神经肽,在代谢疾病及神经系统疾病中发挥重要作用.为了深入研究spexin的生理功能和相关机制,构建了spexin转基因小鼠,通过检测血液中spexin含量以及糖耐受实验,对模型小鼠进行了初步的表型分析.利用piggyBac(PB)转座子技术培育spexin转基因小鼠,采用聚合酶链反应(polymerase chain reaction,PCR)和酶联免疫吸附测定法(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)分别在基因层面和蛋白层面验证了模型动物是否构建成功.之后用饲喂高脂饲料的雄性小鼠进行糖耐受实验,对转基因模型小鼠进行表型分析.PCR结果显示,以靶向spexin的两对引物扩增,转基因型小鼠基因组DNA中能分别扩增出300 bp和301 bp的片段,而野生型小鼠则不能.ELISA结果中,转基因型小鼠血清中spexin含量较野生型小鼠显著升高;同一表型中,雌雄小鼠间血清中spexin水平无明显差异.饲喂高脂饲料85 d内,转基因型小鼠和野生型小鼠体重变化未观察到显著差异;糖耐受结果显示,转基因型小鼠每个时间点血糖浓度均低于野生型小鼠,且在15 min时具有显著性差异.结果显示成功构建了过表达spexin基因的小鼠模型.spexin表达水平的升高在一定程度上提高了C57BL/6小鼠的糖耐受能力.该模型为进一步研究spexin基因在动物体内的功能以及在代谢疾病发病机制中的作用奠定了基础.     

Reduction of choline acetyltransferase activities in APP770 transgenic mice

Transgenic mice overexpressing the 770-amino acid isoform of human Alzheimer amyloid precursor protein exhibit extracellular β-amyloid deposits in brain regions including cerebral cortex and hippocampus, which are severely affected in Alzheimer’s disease patients. Significant reduction in choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activities has been observed in both cortical and hippocampal brain regions in the transgenic mice at the age of 10 months compared with the age-matched non-transgenic mice, but such changes have not been observed in any brain regions of the transgenic mice under the age of 5 months. These results suggest that deposition of β-amyloid can induce changes in the brain cholinergic system of the transgenic mice.     

害虫对转基因植物抗性进化的计算机模拟

采用人工生命的方法，定量模拟了不同条件下害虫对转基因植物抗性性的进化速度。结果显示只转入植物一个毒性基因常使害虫在短时间内产生抗性，若转３－４个不会产生交互抗性的毒性基因则可大大推迟到或阻止抗性的产生。