超声微锻造辅助激光熔丝增材制造数值模拟研究

激光熔丝增材制造技术能大大提高制造效率,但制件存在复杂的残余应力,导致制件内部缺陷多.为了解决这些问题,将超声微锻造与滚压相结合对制件表面进行高频率击打,使金属表层产生塑性变形,将原有的拉应力转变成压应力.以TC4为研究对象,利用ANSYS对激光熔丝过程进行热-结构耦合数值模拟,并施加超声滚压微锻造,分析微锻造前后应力场的变化情况.研究结果表明:激光熔丝熔覆层应力分布更加均匀,拉应力减小,甚至转化为压应力,有效地抑制制件内部缺陷的形成.     

酸溶性钛渣的干燥特性及其影响因素

以氯化法生产钛白粉的主要原料酸溶性钛渣中的水分为研究对象,对酸溶性钛渣的常规干燥特性及影响因素进行了研究。通过研究酸溶性钛渣在温度变化、样品质量变化、以及初始含水量变化的条件下,获得干燥过程中的水分迁移行为,从而揭示酸溶性钛渣干燥过程的基本规律,探明酸溶性钛渣内部的传质机理。通过实验研究和理论探讨,为干燥冶金、化工原料的工业化应用和推广提供实验依据和理论基础。     

水系负极材料磷酸钛锂的研究进展

介绍了水系锂离子电池的结构、原理、特点、发展现状,以及负极材料磷酸钛锂的特点,综述了磷酸钛锂性能提升改性方法,包括特殊结构改性、晶格掺杂、引入高效导电剂等磷酸钛锂的研究进展阐释了和发展前景.     

构建TiO2柱状多层石墨烯纳米复合材料作为降解环丙沙星的高效光催化剂

We successfully constructed TiO₂-pillared multilayer graphene nanocomposites (T-MLGs) via a facile method as follows: dodecanediamine pre-pillaring, ion exchange (Ti4+ pillaring), and interlayer in-situ formation of TiO₂ by hydrothermal method. TiO₂ nanoparticles were distributed uniformly on the graphene interlayer. The special structure combined the advantages of graphene and TiO₂ nanoparticles. As a result, T-MLGs with 64.3wt% TiO₂ showed the optimum photodegradation rate and adsorption capabilities toward ciprofloxacin. The photodegradation rate of T-MLGs with 64.3wt% TiO₂ was 78% under light-emitting diode light irradiation for 150 min. Meanwhile, the pseudo-first-order rate constant of T-MLGs with 64.3wt% TiO₂ was 3.89 times than that of pristine TiO₂. The composites also exhibited high stability and reusability after five consecutive photocatalytic tests. This work provides a facile method to synthesize semiconductor-pillared graphene nanocomposites by replacing TiO₂ nanoparticles with other nanoparticles and a feasible means for sustainable utilization of photocatalysts in wastewater control.     

碳包覆Ti3AlC2增强银基复合材料的制备与性能

Ti₃AlC₂-reinforced Ag-based composites, which are used as sliding current collectors, electrical contacts, and electrode materials, exhibit remarkable performances. However, the interfacial reactions between Ag and Ti₃AlC₂ significantly degrade the electrical and thermal properties of these composites. To diminish these interfacial reactions, we fabricated carbon-coated Ti₃AlC₂ particles (C@Ti₃AlC₂) as reinforcement and prepared Ag–10wt%C@Ti₃AlC₂ composites with carbon-layer thicknesses ranging from 50–200 nm. Compared with the uncoated Ag–Ti₃AlC₂ composite, Ag–C@Ti₃AlC₂ was found to have a better distribution of Ti₃AlC₂ particles. With increases in the carbon-layer thickness, the Vickers hardness value and relative density of Ag–C@Ti₃AlC₂ gradually decreases. With a carbon-layer thickness of 150 nm, we obtained the lowest resistivity of Ag–C@Ti₃AlC₂ of 29.4 135.5×10?9 Ω·m, which is half that of Ag–Ti₃AlC₂ (66.7 × 10?9 Ω·m). The thermal conductivity of Ag–C@Ti₃AlC₂ reached a maximum value of 135.5 W·m?1·K?1 with a 200-nm carbon coating (~1.8 times that of Ag–Ti₃AlC₂). These results indicate that the carbon-coating method is a feasible strategy for improving the performance of Ag–C@Ti₃AlC₂ composites.     

工业化超疏水TiO2涂层的简易制备和性能研究

为探究适合工业化生产用超疏水纳米TiO₂的绿色改性工艺,以饱和脂肪酸A、硅烷B、纳米TiO₂（P25）等为原料制备超疏水TiO₂粉末,与环氧树脂混合后利用喷涂法制备出超疏水涂层。采用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪和接触角分析仪对超疏水粉末和超疏水涂层表面的形貌和疏水性进行了表征。结果表明：超疏水TiO₂粒子表面具有疏水性基团和微-纳米双重粗糙结构,粒子表面的静态水接触角为158°,滚动角为3°;当超疏水TiO₂与环氧树脂的质量比在3.2～3.5时,超疏水涂层既保持超疏水性,又与基底稳固结合,同时具有自清洁性和可修复性。该工艺操作简单方便,成本低,疏水性好,无需特殊设备,工艺环保,适应工业化生产,可用来大面积制备超疏水涂层,拥有较高的商业价值。     

SiCf/Ti2AlNb复合材料的界面反应及热稳定性

界面反应层是影响SiC纤维(SiC_f)增强钛基复合材料力学性能的重要因素,本文研究了SiC_f/Ti₂AlNb复合材料在热等静压成型以及热暴露过程中的界面反应、界面元素分布规律和界面热稳定性.研究结果表明:SiC_f/Ti₂AlNb复合材料内部元素扩散形成的界面产物主要为TiC,在热暴露过程中出现了TiSi₂和NbSi₂相.SiC_f/Ti₂AlNb复合材料界面反应层的厚度长大符合Arrhenius定律,其界面反应层厚度长大速率随着热暴露温度的升高而增加.界面反应层长大激活能为24.27kJ/mol,界面层长大频率因子为2.80×10^-4 m/s^1/2.SiC_f/Ti₂AlNb复合材料界面在700℃及以下温度具备良好的热稳定性.     

A new improved structure of dye-sensitized solar cells with reflection film

DYE-SENSITIZED NANOCRYSTALLINE SOLAR CELLS (DSSC), RECENTLY DEVELOPED BY MICHAEL GR?TZEL[1], HAVE BEEN ATTRACTING CONSIDERABLE ATTENTIONS BECAUSE OF ITS HIGH EFFICIENCY, SIMPLE FABRICATION PROCESS AND LOW FABRICA- TION COST[2]. TYPICAL DSSC[3] IS BASED ON A SANDWICH STRUCTURE, WHICH CONSISTS OF TWO GLASS PLATES WITH A TRANSPARENT CONDUCTING OXIDE (TCO) COATING AS SUBSTRATE. O…     

机械球磨方法合成稀土过渡族氧化物

采用机械球磨的方法，为合成稀土过渡族氧化物的固溶体La1-xEuxFeO3提供了新的方法和手段。对球磨合成的样品进行x—ray衍射分析。结果表明：随着球磨时间的增加，合成的效果变好，衍射峰的强度下降，衍射峰越来越宽，粒度越来越小。     

稀土Ce4+复合钛基固体酸催化合成季戊四醇双缩苯甲醛

以硫酸铈掺杂硫酸钛后经450℃高温焙烧制得一类新型复合固体酸催化剂,考察了该催化剂在合成季戊四醇双缩苯甲醛中的催化活性和选择性,在苯甲醛与季戊四醇摩尔比为2.0:1(3.38ml,2.269g),催化剂用量为0.1135g,回流温度83℃,反应时间2h的优化条件下,反应产率为87.7%。且催化剂容易制备,稳定性好,可连续使用。基于布朗斯特酸碱理论,结合稀土金属和过渡金属丰富的轨道能级结构,对复合催化剂的催化活性的成因进行了分析,并以吡啶作为探针分子,通过红外光谱法检测了催化剂表面的酸性质。