Microstructure and optical properties of Ag5In5Te47Sb33 phase change thin films with high reflection in thermal annealing process

The microstructure and optical properties of Ag-5In-5Te 47Sb 33 phase change films with high reflection in the thermal annealing process were systematically reported. The as_deposited film is amorphous and its crystalline temperature is 160℃. The annealed films are crystalline. The crystalline phases are AgInTe-2, AgSbTe-2 and Sb when annealed at low temperature. When annealed at 220℃, the AgInTe-2 phase disappears and the amount of AgSbTe-2 is the largest. The research of electronic transmission microscopy shows that the morphology of AgSbTe 2 is sphere and that of Sb is bludgeon. The reflection of the annealed films is higher and reaches its peak value at 220℃.     

A continuous 200-ka palaeoclimatic record from stalagmite in Tangshan Cave, Nanjing

An oxygen isotope temperature record from 381 to 166 kaB. P. (²³⁰Th/²³⁴U dating and tuned ages) has been obtained by combining data on the isotopic composition of calcites with that of fluid inclusions trapped in a stalagmite from a limestone cave in which a fossil cranium deposited. Several laminae in microsequence of the stalagmite represent climatic events or shifts. The Nanjing man fossil was older than 381 kaB. P.     

秦安大地湾高分辨率全新世植被演变与气候变迁初步研究

主要根据孢粉分析结果,并结合磁化率,碳酸钙恢复了陇西黄土高原地区全新世期间植被气候的变化过程。结果表明全新世气候存在３个大的阶段,全新世早期气候以寒冷为主要特点,中全新世气候温暖湿润,晚全新世气候以干旱为主要特征。     

Predicting returns and volatility with macroeconomic variables: evidence from tests of encompassing

Tests of forecast encompassing are used to evaluate one‐step‐ahead forecasts of S&P Composite index returns and volatility. It is found that forecasts over the 1990s made from models that include macroeconomic variables tend to be encompassed by those made from a benchmark model which does not include macroeconomic variables. However, macroeconomic variables are found to add significant information to forecasts of returns and volatility over the 1970s. Often in empirical research on forecasting stock index returns and volatility, in‐sample information criteria are used to rank potential forecasting models. Here, none of the forecasting models for the 1970s that include macroeconomic variables are, on the basis of information criteria, preferred to the relevant benchmark specification. Thus, had investors used information criteria to choose between the models used for forecasting over the 1970s considered in this paper, the predictability that tests of encompassing reveal would not have been exploited. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

浅谈开放教育与图书馆服务

广播电视大学图书馆是电大的文献信息中心,随着开放教育这一新的教育模式的出现,图书馆也应在整体上做出相应的改革,树立“以人为主体”的服务理念。未来图书馆事业发展的核心是信息增值服务和人本服务。     

中国小冰期区域气候演化研究

在我国不同地区通过不同代用资料如冰芯、树轮、孢粉、湖泊沉积物、历史文献记录等恢复的小冰期气候的基础上, 分析总结了小冰期我国气候演化的区域分异特征,并探讨其原因机制,力图为未来气候变化提供参考。     

浅论新型师生关系的建构

随着素质教育的不断推进和深化，建立新型的师生关系在教学改革中显得尤为重要。通过师生相互沟通使学生参与教学决策，通过了解学生需求以融合师生感情并增强学生的主体意识，从而在更高的层次上激发学生参与教学活动和教学管理的积极性、主动性，使学生能够开放思维的空间，激发创新灵感，并真正成为学习的主人。     

凝析气藏气液相变三区扩展模型研究

推导了凝析气藏因气液相变引起凝析油聚集的新模型,以便在分析评价凝析气井产能时能正确反映凝析油聚集规律及对渗流的影响.目前,对凝析油气的流动、堵塞问题的研究是将反凝析现象引起的凝析油气流动分为3个区,但是没有给出三区的变化规律.从理论上对凝析气藏衰竭开发过程中的三区变化规律进行了严格的推导,得到衰竭开发过程的三区扩展模型.计算结果表明,该新模型能够正确预测三区扩展规律,利用三区扩展和缩小的规律,对正确评价凝析气井的产能具有指导意义.     

长江流域棉花种植面积变化遥感监测--以安庆市和池州市为例

决定棉花产量的关键因素之一是棉花的种植面积,适时准确地掌握棉花的种植面积对于科学指导棉花生产具有十分重要的意义.文章以安庆市、池州市为例,系统地介绍了在棉花种植面积遥感监测过程中,通过土地利用背景数据库建设,以及基于背景数据的棉花种植面积遥感解译,准确地监测了棉花种植面积及其变化率.结果显示长江流域棉花主要集中分布于沿江的洲圩区,其次分布于沿江的岗地和丘陵;在2001～2002年度,棉花种植面积变化主要是减少,在2002～2003年度,棉花种植面积变化主要是增加.究其变化的原因,主要受棉花市场价格和气候条件的影响.     

landscape Changes in Wenchuan—A Mountainous County in Sichuan, China

Based on the collection of land use maps of three repre sentative years (1972, 1986 and 1995) with a scale of 1 = 100 000, which were derived from interpreted aerial photographs and field surveys, landscape pattern were studied in Wenchuan County of Aba Prefecture, northwest of Sichuan Province, China, Six land use categories were classified according to the actuality of the study area and digitized by manual with the assistance of Geographic Information System (GIS). Landscape spatial and temporal changes were analyzed quanti ficationally by a series of structure, shape, pattern indices, which indicated that grassland dominates in number of patch while both grassland and shrub-land dominate in total area of patch over time. During the last 23 years, the fractal dimension of grassland and shrub-land were decreased while the other types were increased. Highest dominance and fragmentation and lowest diversity characterized the landscape of 1972. In 1986, the landscape pattern had the highest diversity and lowest dominance and fragmentation, which is contrary to the pattern in 1972, Slight change of diversity, dominance and fragmentation has been displayed from 1986 to 1995.