霍耳效应实验分析

对霍耳效应测量磁感应强度的实验原理作了分析,讨论了外界定向干扰磁场对实验的影响、指出在实验教学中,相邻霍耳效应测量仪摆放距离宜大于等于2.5m才能忽略相互干扰.     

The genetic diversity of cen-tral and peripheral popula-tions of ratlike hamster(Cricetulus triton)

The impact of habitat fragmentation and isolation on the genetic diversity of populations has attracted much attention in studies of meta-population and conservation biology. In this work, using the randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique, we studied the genetic diversity of central, peripheral and peninsular populations of ratlike hamster, which were collected in five locations of the North China Plain and its surrounding areas, in 1999. The study revealed that, ⅰ) the genetic diversity of central population of Raoyang County＞the sub-central populations of Gu'an County and Taikang County＞the peripheral population of Shunyi District＞the peninsular population of Mentougou District; ⅱ) the genetic diversities of the five populations were positively correlated to the nearest distances to the peripheral line of population distribution; ⅲ) there were significant differences of gene frequencies of some RAPD fragments among the five populations. More RAPD fragments disappeared in peripheral populations than in central or sub-central populations. The frequencies of two RAPD fragments were correlated to the latitude. This study clearly indicated that the variation of the genetic diversities of the five populations was caused by edge effect and frag- mentation through the enhanced inbreeding and genetic drift, and thus supported the view that habitat fragmentation and related edge effect reduce the population genetic diversity.     

在Triton X—100存在下,用2-(5-溴-2-吡啶偶氮)-5-二乙胺基苯酚(5-Br-PADAP)分光光度测定方钍石中的钍

方钍石是钍来源的重要含钍矿物。目前测定钍的含量的方法较多,虽有用5-Br-PADAP测定钍的方法的报导,但未见有在triton X-100存在下,用5-Br-PADAP直接测定方钍石中钍的含量的报导。Triton X-100的存在,使测定的酸度增加,从而增加干扰元素的干扰比;并且增加了络合物的稳定时间。本文采用5-Br-PADAP作显色剂,在氯乙酸-氯乙酸钠缓冲体系中用triton X-100表面活性剂胶束增溶分光光度测定方钍石(人工样品)中钍的含量,获得较满意的结果。在25毫升中,钍的比耳定律范围在0～20微克,摩尔吸光系数为5.2×10~4升·摩尔~(-1)·厘米~(-1),Sandell灵敏度为0.0045微克钍(IV)/厘米~2。我们对两种含量的方钍石人工样品进行了测试,结果良好,回收率在97.3～101.4％之间,此方法可靠,精密度较高,误差符合微量组分的测定要求,我们对样品测定结果表示满意。     

化学镀镍过程中金属基体的引发催化特性研究

通过电位-时间曲线的特征,研究了化学镀镍反应初期不同基体材料的催化特征.在同质基体上可以瞬间诱发化学镀反应,而在异质基体上的诱导期因镀液组成不同而发生变化.在异质基体材料中,Pt无催化活性,Pd的诱发时间最长.     

供应链中的时滞

研究供应链中时滞对长鞭效应的影响 .建立了供应链的多级库存控制系统模型 ,给出了其系统方框图及传递函数 ,求出了使整个供应链稳定的临界条件 .指出长鞭效应产生的原因是由于在系统时滞及系统增益的共同作用下使得供应链中各子系统产生衰减振荡或发散振荡的结果 .最后提出了减弱长鞭效应的四种方法.     

河成石灰华成因──掺气效应研究

本文通过对有大量碳酸钙沉积河段的水质分析、野外观测，发现河水流动过程中将空气带入水中形成大量气泡，引起水体物化方面的迅速变化，包括碳酸钙大量沉积，笔者称之为掺气效应。通过野外实验，对掺气效应及掺气效应中水体物化变化和碳酸钙沉积速度进行了论证和研究，在此基础上提出：掺气效应是河流中碳酸钙大量集中沉积的一个主要因素。     

半导体器件中的量子隧道效应

利用隧道效应器件的量子力学理论 ,说明了隧道效应电子在势垒区内部的行为 .     

袋装砂井施工工艺及质量控制

介绍了广肇高速公路1-B标段软基处理中的袋装砂井施工工艺与工程质量控制,并列出了部份监测结果.     

Orthogonally linear polarized lasers(Ⅰ)--principle and devices

Two kinds of orthogonally polarized lasers, i.e. Zeeman dual-frequency lasers and four-frequency ring lasers (laser gyros) have been developed since the invention of lasers, in which circularly polarized lights oscillate. This paper summarizes recent progress of the study on orthogonally linear polarized lasers with the standing wave cavity. Firstly, the expression of producing orthogonally linear polarized lights in standing wave cavity, i.e. laser frequency splitting, is given. Almost all the birefringence effects made in laser cavity are used to produce orthogonally linear polarized lights. The effect includes quartz crystal birefringence effect, calcite birefringence effect,stress (photo-elastic) birefringence effect and electro-optical birefringence effect. Secondly, several physical phenomena of orthogonally linear polarized lasers are discovered such as aberrance of frequency splitting curves caused by optical activity of quartz crystal, order-passing of longitudinal modes with frequency splitting and strong modes competition. Finally, because the traditional Zeeman dual frequency laser cannot output frequency difference larger than 3 MHz, the approaches of obtaining larger frequency difference are studied. The sequential results, several kinds of orthogonally polarized lasers, are described, such as birefringence dual frequency lasers outputting a frequency difference from 40 MHz to hundreds of megahertz, birefringence-Zeeman dual frequency lasers outputting a frequency difference from 1 MHz to hundreds of megahertz, the LD pumped YAG birefringence dual frequency laser outputting frequency difference of several gigahertz, and the lasers whose longitudinal mode spacing is c/4L instead of c/2L.