白叶枯病原菌侵染引起水稻多酚氧化酶活性变化的遗传分析

研究结果表明 ,水稻感染白叶枯病后 ,多酚氧化酶活性增加 ,与病斑长度成极显著负相关 ,遗传相关系数r =- 0 .82 5 ,并且与环境的关系也很密切 .水稻感染白叶枯病后 ,至少有 4对多酚氧化酶基因被活化 ,基因效应属负向趋显性 .非固定遗传的显性及上位性成分在遗传型中占有很高的比重 ( 85.2 % ) .在选择中应于注意     

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通过５年的群落野外调查，研究分析了重庆缙云山退化生态系统５个不同恢复演替阶段群落小气候演替变化规律．在外部气候条件一致情况下，群落演替是群落内发光强度、气温、极温、湿度变化的主导因素；群落小气候明显表现群落演替进程的外部光强条件是：发光强度≥２１６６００ｌｘ，气温＜１０℃或＞２０℃，大气相对湿度≤７３２５％；小气候指标均值在演替轴上的单向相对变化速率Ｖ及其均值Ｖ能有效地指示群落气候恢复速度；系统Ｖ值：光衰减率９５３％↑，气温５２４％↓（对外界升温时刻），极温振幅２５２％↓，湿度振幅１８３％↑；小气候指标对群落恢复演替的敏感性：极温振幅＞湿度振幅＞光衰减率＞气温．     

水稻光温敏核不育系不育性表达的同步性研究

以农垦５８Ｓ、７００１Ｓ、５０４７Ｓ、Ｗ６１５４Ｓ、ＫＳ－９、培矮６４Ｓ、安农－１Ｓ和５４６０Ｓ８个不同类型的水稻光温敏核不育为材料，在广州盛夏７月－８月份对各不育系的不育性表达进行了系统的比较研究，并对生转换的同步性进行了观察。结果表明，不育性表达的同步性以安农－１Ｓ和７００１Ｓ较好，各体不育怀整齐，其他６个不育系的不育性表达的同步性较差，株间、株内穗间颖花间的花粉育性差异显著或极显著。连续单株     

Over-expression of an Arabi-dopsisd δ-OAT gene enhances salt and drought tolerance in transgenic rice

δ-OAT, ornithine-δ-aminotransferase, is the key enzyme involved in proline biosynthesis. In this study the Arabidopsis δ-OAT gene was transferred into rice (Oryza sativa L. ssp japonica cv. Zhongzuo 321), whose successful integration was demonstrated by PCR and Southern blot analysis. The over-expression of the gene in transgenic rice was also confirmed. Biochemical analysis showed that, under salt or drought stress conditions, proline contents in the leaves and roots in transgenic rice plants were 5- to 15-fold of those in non-transgenic controls. Under stress conditions, germinating rate of transgenic lines is higher than that of controls. Although the growth of rice plants tested were more and more retarded with the increasing of NaCI concentration, the transgenic plants grow faster compared to the controls under the same stress condition. Meanwhile, the resistance to KCl and MgSO4 stresses was also found enhanced in transgenie rice. Furthermore, the over-expression of δ-OAT also improved the yield of transgenic plants under stress conditions. The average yield per plant of transgenic lines increases about 12%--41% more than that of control line sunder 0.1 mol/L NaCI stress. These data indicated that the over-expression of δ-OAT, with the accumulation of proline, resulted in the enhancement of salt and drought tolerance and an increase of rice yield, which is of significance in agriculture.     

Characterization and mapping of a white panicle mutant gene in rice

A spontaneous white panicle mutant was found from the F6 progenies of an indicajaponica cross.The mutant exhibits white stripes on its basal leaves while the panicles,rachis and pedicel are milky white colored at flowering stage.Genetic analysis in an F2 population from the cross of Zhi7/white panicle mutant indicates that the white panicle phenotype is controlled by a single recessive nuclear gene,tentatively termed as wp(t).Using microsatellite markers,the wp(t) gene was anchored between the markers of SSR101 and SSR63.9 with a map distance of 2.3 and 0.8cM,respectively,and co-segregated with the marker of SSR17 on rice chromosome 1.     

水稻根细胞质膜氧化还原系统的特性

水稻湘8根细胞质膜制剂具有氧化NADH和还原Fe（CN）的能力。当Fe（CN）浓度为是1mmolL-1时,膜制剂氧化NADH的Km为71μmolL-1,Vmax为435nmol／mg-1proteinmin-1;0．25mmolL－1浓度下,膜制剂还原Fe（CN.）的Km为43,Vmax为476。最适pH均为8．0。抗霉素A,CN－,CCCP对其活性无影响,10μmol·L-1的DCCD和SHAM不同程度地影响其活性。毫摩尔浓度的一价阳离子（Li＋,Na＋,K＋,Rb＋,Cs＋及微摩尔浓度的二价阳离子（Mg2＋,Mn2＋,Ca2＋）对NADH的氧化活性有促进作用。外源NADH和Fe（CN）对根切段的钾吸收具有抑制作用。     

陕西菊科观赏植物种质资源和区系的研究

陕西省菊科观赏植物种质资源丰富,共有３２属４６种．区系成分多样,其中温带成分有７属,占２１．９％;热带成分有６属,占１８．７％;世界分布有３属,占９．３％;地中海—西亚—中亚分布有３属,占９．３％;东亚分布有３属,占９．３％;外来栽培属有１０个,占３１．６％．可见,陕西菊科观赏植物区系成分中温带性质明显,热带分布占相当的比例．     

Isolation of cDNA fragment of fertility-related gene in photoperiod-sensitive genic male sterile rice

The photoperiod_sensitive genic male sterile rice (PGMR) is particularly useful to take advantage of heterosis in rice. mRNA differential display was used to isolate the fertility_relative genes in rice. After establishing an optimized mRNA differential display system, one of the differential cDNA fragments that maybe related to the development and maturation of rice panicle was cloned from a PGMR Nongken 58S.     

不同水,陆稻抗旱性与剑叶中可溶性蛋白变化的关系

不同水,陆稻品种,同一品种在不同季节栽培时,其抗旱性均有差异;用考马斯亮蓝染色法检测表明,它们的剑叶中可溶性蛋白含量变化模式也不一样,且与抗旱性不呈线性关系,ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ图谱分析表明,干旱引起蛋白质成分的变化表现在整体水平上,而单一成分的变化极少。     

Rice transformation with a senescence-inhibition chimeric gene

A senescence-inhibition chimeric gene containing the specific promoter of SAG₁₂ and IPT gene was transferred into rice with the biolistic method. Results of PCR, Dot blotting and Southern blotting indicated that the chimeric gene had been integrated into rice genome. Analyses of GUS activity and cytokinin content in transgenic plants of rice and the observation of T₁ generation plant at grain formation stage indicated that the foreign gene was expressed.