传统产业高新技术化的动力机制

从企业的利润最大化目标出发,论述了市场需求拉力、市场竞争压力、技术创新与技术中介的推动力以及政府行为支撑力在企业的技术创新与企业的技术改造中的作用;各动力间相互关联、相互促进的机理及其反馈、放大效应;构建了传统产业高新技术化的动力机制模型。     

长江经济带协调发展模式及机制创新

阐述了长江经济带协调发展的基本内涵。从发展模式和机制创新两个方面分析了促进长江经济带协调发展的思路:提出非均衡协调发展模式;实施培育和增强区域竞争力的区域政策,提高区域生产率及竞争力;建立和完善7方面的机制创新。     

Fabrication and superconducting properties of nano-SiC doped MgB2 tapes

Nano-SiC doped MgB2 tapes were prepared by the in situ powder-in-tube method. Heat treatment was performed at 650℃ for 1 h. XRD data indicate that SiC particles had reacted with the MgB2 during sintering process. MgB2 core seemed to be denser after SiC doping, and the critical temperature was slightly depressed. The critical current density Jc of the SiC doped tapes was significantly enhanced in magnetic fields up to 14 T compared to the undoped ones. For the 5% SiC doped samples, Jc was in- creased by a factor of 32 at 4.2 K, 10 T. The enhancement of Jc-B properties in SiC doped MgB2 tapes is considered to be due to the enhancement of grain linkages and the introduction of effective flux pining centers. The substitution of B by C in MgB2 grains is thought to be the main reason for the improve- ment of the flux pinning ability in SiC doped MgB2 tapes.     

Microstructure and Corrosion Resistance of Cr7C3/γ-Fe Ceramal Composite Coating Fabricated by Plasma Cladding

A new type in situ Cr7C3/γ-Fe ceramal composite coating was fabricated on substrate of hardened and tempered grade C steel by plasma cladding with Fe-Cr-C alloy powders. The ceramal composite coating has a rapidly solidified microstructure consisting of primary Cr7C3/γ- and the Cr7C3/γ-Fe eutectics, and is metallurgically bonded to the degree C steel substrate. The corrosion resistances of the coating in water solutions of 0.5 mol/L H2SO4 and 3.5% NaCl were evaluated utilizing the electrochemical polarization corrosion-test method. Because of the inherent excellent corrosion-resisting properties of the constituting phase and the rapidly solidified homogeneous microstructure, the plasma clad ceramal composite coating exhibits excellent corrosion resistance in the water solutions of 0.5 mol/L H2SO4 and 3.5% NaCl.     

Inhibitory Kinetics of p-Substituted Benzaldehydes on Polyphenol Oxidase from the Fifth Instar of Pieris Rapae L.

Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) is the enzyme responsible for enzymatic browning during the growth of insects. It is also involved in defense reactions and is related with immunities in insects. PPO, a metalloenzyme oxidase, catalyzes the oxidation of ο-diphenol to ο-quinone. The present paper de- scribes the effects of benzaldehyde and its p-substituted derivatives on the activity of PPO from the fifth instar of Pieris rapae L. PPO from the fifth instar of Pieris rapae L. was purified using ammonium sulfate fractionation and chromatography on Sephadex G-100. The enzyme kinetics was characterized using L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) as substrate. The results show that benzaldehyde, p- hydroxybenzaldehyde, p-chlorobenzaldehyde, and p-cyanobenzaldehyde can inhibit the PPO activity for the oxidation of L-DOPA. The inhibitor concentration leading to 50% activity lost, IC50, was esti- mated to be 5.90, 5.62, 2.83, and 2.91 mmol/L for the four tested inhibitors, respectively. Kinetic analy- ses show that the inhibitory effects of these compounds are reversible. Benzaldehyde, p- hydroxybenzaldehyde, and p-chlorobenzaldehyde are noncompetitive inhibitors while p-cyano- benzaldehyde is a mixed-type inhibitor. The inhibition constants were determined for all four inhibitors. p-chlorobenzaldehyde and p-cyanobenzaldehyde were more potent inhibitors than the other com- pounds. These results provide a basis for developing PPO inhibition-based pesticides.     

Mechanism of the interaction between Au nanoparticles and polymerase in nanoparticle PCR

Nanoparticle PCR is a novel method to optimize DNA amplification. It performs well in improving specificity, enhancing sensitivity and speed. Several mechanisms were proposed in previous studies: one was based on the interaction between gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and DNA while the other was attributed to the heat transfer property of AuNPs. In this paper, we propose that the interaction between AuNPs and DNA polymerase can significantly influence PCR. First, the addition of DNA polymerase can eliminate the inhibitory effects of excess AuNPs. Second, the addition of AuNPs will increase yield of the desired PCR product and make the optimum concentration of DNA polymerase move to higher value. Third, while excess polymerase might inhibit amplification efficiency, AuNPs can reverse this process and the yield of PCR amplification. Based on these results we propose a possible mechanism that AuNPs might modulate the activity of polymerase and improve PCR amplification.     

浅析大学生反社会行为矫正机制的缺陷

在市场经济的大潮下,纷繁复杂的社会环境容易引起大学生反社会行为的产生,而我国大学生反社会行为的现行矫正机制存在着许多缺陷,主要表现为立法不完善、适用程序不规范、矫正机构不统一、矫正措施不恰当、矫正社会化程度不高等五个方面。     

超高压力下通电烧结制备钼铜合金

采用超高压力下通电烧结技术制备了铜体积分数25%～75%的钼铜合金材料. 烧结压力2～10 Gpa,通电功率15 kW,通电时间65 s. 分析了不同成分和制备工艺参数的钼铜合金显微形貌及力学性能. 结果表明,所制备的钼铜合金材料结构致密,力学性能优越,而且超高压力下通电烧结技术能有效地避免晶粒长大和组织偏析.     

企业家在技术创新动力中的作用分析——一个委托-代理理论的视角

企业家作为领导技术创新主体——企业的关键因素,同时也是做出技术创新决策的主导力量。但是由于创新具有的风险性,企业家必须承担一旦创新失败的部分成本,因此,在信息不对称情形下如何解决企业家创新动力便成为企业创新中非常重要的问题。建立了一个基于委托-代理理论下的满足企业家创新动力的模型,并对模型的影响参数和解进行了分析,进一步对企业家的创新决策行为以及在创新中的作用进行了探讨,最后得出相应的结论。     

电阻应变测量技术在压力容器检验中的应用

介绍了电阻应变测量技术的测试原理和测试方法，并结合化工企业对压力容器检验的技术要求，应用电阻应变测量技术对典型压力容器作出了应力分析和安全评定。