人工免疫的神经网络预报方法及其应用

针对RBF(radial basis function)神经网络在预测铁水含硅量中出现的预测精度低,收敛速度慢的问题,提出了一种基于免疫识别原理的径向基函数神经网络的学习算法.该算法利用人工免疫原理确定高斯基函数的中心和宽度参数,同时将所识别的数据作为抗原,抗体作为抗原的压缩映射并作为神经网络的隐层中心,利用递推最小二乘法(recursion least square, RLS)确定连接权值,提高了RBF神经网络的收敛速度和精度.应用该模型于某大型钢铁厂高炉铁水硅含量预报的实例中, 实验结果表明, 该模型具有更高的预测精度和更短的训练时间.     

Ca_8Mg(SiO_4)_4Cl_2:Eu~(2+),Mn~(2+)绿色荧光粉的光谱性质

在还原气氛下采用高温固相反应法合成了白光LED用绿色荧光粉Ca8Mg(SiO4)4Cl2:Eu2 ,Mn2 .在荧光粉的制备过程中,加入过量的CaCl2有利于提高荧光粉的发射强度.从实验结果可以看出,在Ca8Mg(SiO4)4Cl2基质中Eu2 -Mn2 间存在着能量传递,Mn2 的发射是来源于Eu2 的能量传递,能量传递的方式可能是共振传递.     

高炉铁水降硅的实验研究

从理论上分析了降低铁水中硅含量的三个途径:控制硅源;降低滴落带的高度;增加炉缸渣中的氧化性.在实验室进行了降低铁水中硅含量的实验,得到了铁水中硅含量的影响因素:提高二元碱度有利于降硅;增加渣中氧化物可降低SiO2的活度有利于降硅;Al2O3和SiO2不利于降硅;冶炼时焦炭中SiO2的挥发量随温度的升高而增多,使铁水中硅含量增加;随着滴落带高度的增加,铁水中硅含量不断增加.根据实验室研究针对唐山建龙公司高炉特点提出降低铁水中硅含量的措施,降硅效果明显,铁水中硅的质量分数由原来的0.55%左右降到了0.40%左右.     

北洺河铁矿开采沉陷预计及地表变形监测与分析

根据北洺河铁矿覆岩整体性差的特点,将基于地理信息系统(GIS)和概率积分法的MSDAS-GIS系统应用于采用无底柱分段崩落法的金属矿山的开采沉陷预计.通过GIS建模全面反映矿区的三维地理、地质信息及其内在属性,利用GIS的空间分析和图形显示功能对理论预计结果和现场监测结果进行综合分析,从而直观反映出开采沉陷对周围环境的影响程度及范围.     

交联壳聚糖的合成及其对重金属离子吸附的研究进展

壳聚糖是一种天然高分子,分子中含有大量的氨基和羟基,对金属离子有很好的吸附能力。通过交联改性的方法可以提高壳聚糖的物理、化学性质。从直接交联、交联中进行化学修饰、分子印迹法交联3个方面简要介绍了交联壳聚糖的合成和对重金属离子吸附的研究进展。     

Petrographic and geochemical characterization of seep carbonate from Alaminos Canyon,Gulf of Mexico

Seep carbonates were collected from the Alaminos Canyon lease area, Gulf of Mexico. The carbonates are present as slabs and blocks. Bivalve shell and foraminifer are the dominant bioclasts in carbonate. Pores are common and usually filled with acicular aragonite crystals. XRD investigation shows that aragonite is the dominate mineral （98%）. Peloids, clotted microfabirc and botryoidal aragonite are developed in carbonate and suggest a genesis linked with bacterial degradation of the hydrocarbons. The δ^13C value of bioclasts in carbonate is from -4.9‰ to -0.6‰, indicating that the carbon source is mainly from sea water as well as the small portion incorporation of the seep hydrocarbon. The microcrystalline and sparite aragonite shows the δ^13C value from -31.3‰ to -23.4‰, suggesting that their carbon is derived mainly from microbial degradation of crude oil. ^14C analyses give the radiocarbon age of about 10 ka. Rare earth elements （REE） analyses of the 5% HNO3-treated solution of the carbonates show that the total REE content of the carbonates is low, that is from 0.752 to 12.725 μg·g^-1. The shale-normalized REE patterns show significantly negative Ce anomalies. This suggests that cold seep carbonate is most likely formed in a relatively aerobic environment.     

The nonmarine environment of Quaternary foraminifers in Yanghuzhuang, China: Evidence from boron and strontium isotopes

The concentrations and isotopic compositions of boron and strontium of Quaternary foraminifera and bivalve fossils collected in the Yanghuzhuang section of Yanqing, Beijing and of modern gastropods living in the Guishul River and of river water were measured. The concentrations and isotopic compositions of Quaternary foraminifera and bivalve fossils differed from those of modern marine foraminifers and were similar to those of modern terrestrial gastropods from the Guishui Riven These results Indicate that early Quaternary foraminifera in the Yanghuzhuang section inhabited a nonmarine environment and that these foraminifera were not the result of a transgression or sea flooding. The foraminifera were not special halobios and can survive in the terrestrial condition that resembled those of the ocean.     

Ni/MH电池负极用高容量稀土-镁-镍基储氢合金

通过感应熔炼方法制备了稀土-镁-镍基储氢合金Ml0.88Mg0.12Ni3.0Mn0.10Co0.55Al0.10(Ml代表富镧混合稀土).采用XRD和SEM分析了合金的微观结构,发现该合金主要由CaCu5型相、Ce2Ni7型相和Pr5Co19型相组成.电化学测试结果表明:合金的放电容量可以达到386 mA·h/g,比商品AB5型合金(332 mA·h/g)高出16.3%;在1 100 mA/g的放电电流密度下,合金的高倍率放电性能可以达到62%,高于商品AB5型合金(45%);充放电循环300次后,合金的放电容量降低到315 mA·h/g,为最大放电容量的81.5 %.     

杭州湾河口地区表层沉积物中重金属的分布特征及污染评价

对杭州湾河口地区南北岸及钱塘江杭州河段15个采样点的表层沉积物中重金属含量进行了测定.结果表明,Cu,Cr,Pb,Zn及Cd含量范围分别为17.0～48.6,24.4～44.1,23.0～55.8,186.8～324.4,0.07～0.60mg/kg.各元素平均含量排序为Zn>Cr>Pb>Cu>Cd.与国内外典型的河口和滨岸带比较,该地区Cu,Cr,Pb及Cd的平均含量处在相对较低的水平,但Zn的污染较为严重.重金属含量沿程分布特征呈现多峰值变化,表明原因较为复杂,受多种环境因素共同影响.地累积指数法及生态风险指数法对重金属污染程度评价结果一致,大多数采样点的Zn处于中度污染水平,Cd及Cu处于轻度污染,Pb及Cr处于轻度污染或较为清洁状态.重金属元素污染程度排序为Zn>Cd>Cu>Pb>Cr.生态风险评价结果表明该地区总体处于低度生态风险等级,其中Cu,Cr,Pb及Zn均为低生态风险等级,而Cd为中度或较重生态风险等级.生态危害程度的排序为Cd>Cu>Pb>Zn>Cr.     

甘蔗渣吸附剂的制备及其对Pb 2+、Cu2+、Cr3+的吸附动力学研究

 通过用三氯氧磷对甘蔗渣进行改性,制备了含有强吸附能力的磷酸基团的甘蔗渣吸附剂,研究了磷酸化反应条件对离子吸附性能的影响。产物的结构通过红外光谱进行了表征,同时也测试了所制备的甘蔗渣吸附剂的一些物理性质如表面积、孔径和平均颗粒大小。在恒温及恒定pH条件下,用静态吸附法研究了磷酸化甘蔗渣对Pb²⁺、Cu^2+、Cr³⁺的吸附动力学,并运用3种动力学模型对吸附过程进行拟合,结果表明二级动力学模型对试验数据最为吻合。所制备的改性甘蔗渣吸附剂对这3种离子的吸附量为Cr³⁺>Cu²⁺>Pb^2+。