酸性胃食管反流性疾病豚鼠模型的建立

目的建立酸性胃食管反流性疾病(GERD)的豚鼠模型,用于研究胃食管反流性疾病并发的呼吸系统疾病。方法豚鼠持续灌酸或蒸馏水16天后,测其食管下段粘膜的pH值,计数支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中的细胞总数及嗜酸性粒细胞计数,并研取食管、气管和肺组织标本进行病理学观察。结果模型组豚鼠食管下段粘膜的pH值明显降低,BALF的细胞总数和嗜酸性粒细胞(EOS)显著升高(P<0.01),病理变化主要表现为食管、气管和肺组织上皮增生,炎性细胞和嗜酸性粒细胞的浸润。结论胃内容物反流能造成豚鼠食管、气管粘膜和肺组织的损伤,可研究GERD并发的呼吸系统疾病和该病的病理生理情况,该制模方法成活率高、简单易操作。     

Enclomiphene induces luteolysis in the nonpregnant guinea pig

Summary The effect of two antiestrogens, enclomiphene and tamoxifen, on luteal function in the guinea pig was compared to that of estradiol, a known luteolysin. Enclomiphene caused premature luteolysis when administered during the early or mid-luteal phase of the cycle, but was not as potent as estradiol. Tamoxifen had no effect. The luteolytic effect of enclomiphene was mediated by the uterus, as has been shown for estradiol.     

Systems Dynamic Digraph Analysis of Scale Pig Production Development in Center China

Scale pig production is an effective approach to improve farmers＇ income. Many pig feeding villages and intensive pig farms has presented rapidly in Center China in recent years, the focus of large quantity of manure and sewage discharged by pig farms has become the leading source of pollution in vast rural areas. How to dissolve the contravention between the development of scale pig production and the serious pollution caused by swine excreta in rural area is a complex systematic problem. An approach named Systems Dynamic Digraph Analysis Approach is presented in this paper. And the approach is applied to analyze the scale pig breeding system in small hill watershed area systematically. A case of Pingxiang Taihua pig farm in the west region of Jinggang Mountain, which is a typical intensive pig farm in small hill watershed area in Center China, was studied, after the systematical analyses with its system dynamic digraph, three common management policies are presented at the end of the paper.     

Characterization of ovarian follicular fluids of sheep,pigs and cows using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Summary Proton NMR spectra were produced for Graafian follicular fluids obtained by aspiration from sheep, pig and cow ovaries. The following low molecular mass, non-protein-bound metabolites were detected at concentrations exceeding 0.1 mM: acetate, alanine, creatinine/creatine, glycine, D-3-hydroxybutyrate, lactate, valine. Glucose was difficult to quantify and N-acetyl sugars gave a broad resonance at 2.06 ppm, presumably representing side-chains of glycoproteins. Ethanol was detected at up to millimolar concentrations in some specimens, though the physiological significance of this finding was not clear. The concentrations of all metabolites were comparable to those of plasma. These results have therefore shown that NMR spectroscopy is useful for gaining a broad and semiquantitative impression of the more abundant metabolites in the fluids of preovulatory Graafian follicles.     

杭州地区猪粪重金属含量及形态分布的初步研究

研究了杭州地区猪粪重金属Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd含量及Cu、Zn化学形态分布．结果显示,重金属Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd平均含量分别为330．36mg／kg,485．74mg／kg,18．99mg／kg和0．59mg／kg,参照德国腐熟堆肥重金属限量标准,存在严重的Cu超标现象,样本超标率为55．6％;其次为Zn,样本超标率为11．1％,Cd样本超标率5．6％,Pb无超标现象;超标样品中以集约化养殖场猪粪为主;重金属污染猪粪Cu、Zn化学形态分布均以铁锰态为主．     

猪附红细胞体病诊断与防治

猪附红细胞体病是一种人畜共患的传染病。通过对猪附红细胞体病的临床症状及流行情况观察、病理剖检,并对猪附红细胞体病状做出诊断,使得防治猪附红细胞体病更具指导意义。     

脂肪酶对断奶仔猪生产性能的影响研究

选择30头三元杂交（杜×长×皮）健康仔猪,按体重和性别随机分3组,每组10头仔猪,公母各半,正试期为30 d .试验饲粮分别为：对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1组、试验2组分别在基础日粮中添加0．02％和0．03％的脂肪酶.结果表明：与对照组相比,试验1组、试验2组仔猪末体重分别提高8．53％（p＜0．05）、6．73％（p＜0．05）,平均日增重分别提高了14．17％（p＜0．05）、12．67％（p＜0．05）;试验1组、试验2组料肉比分别降低了15．66％、13．25％.与对照组相比,试验1组、试验2组腹泻率分别降低10％和30％,而每头仔猪经济效益分别提升为39．17元、33．65元.     

猪黑皮质素受体3和4基因克隆及分析

以长白猪(Landrace)大脑cDNA为模板,克隆长白猪黑皮质素受体3和4基因(MC3R和MC4R).序列分析显示:长白猪MC3R基因cDNA编码具319个氨基酸的前体蛋白,与人、大鼠、小鼠和斑马鱼的氨基酸序列一致性分别为86.4%、83.3%、82%和69.7%;MC4R基因cDNA全长1175bp,编码具332个氨基酸的前体蛋白,与人、大鼠、小鼠的氨基酸序列一致性高达94%以上,与斑马鱼MC4R氨基酸序列享有70.7%的同源性.序列分析显示,猪MC3R和MC4R基因都具有典型的七次跨膜结构域,和短的胞内环和胞外环,且在第五个跨膜域中保守的甲硫氨酸(M)分别替换为异亮氨酸(I)和缬氨酸(V).另外,在猪MC3R和MC4R中还鉴定到保守的半胱氨酸残基,第一个胞内环中保守的PMY基序和N末端的3个N-链接糖基化位点.组织表达图谱分析表明,MC3R主要在大脑和脾中高表达,而MC4R主要在六种检测的组织中都有表达,在肾中表达较弱.     

SPF级与普通级Hartley豚鼠主要脏器系数的比较

目的测定SPF级和普通级Hartley豚鼠的主要脏器质量,比较屏障环境和普通环境下豚鼠脏器系数的差异。方法取2月龄SPF级和普通级豚鼠雌雄各30只,剖检取心、肝、脾、肺、肾等13个脏器,称其质量并计算脏器系数。结果SPF级和普通级Hartley豚鼠雌性之间比较,体质量、心、脾、肺、肾、肾上腺、子宫质量差异极显著（P〈0．01）;SPF级和普通级Hartley豚鼠雄性之间比较,心、肝、脾、肺、肾、肾上腺、胸腺、睾丸、附睾等其质量差异极显著（P〈0．01）。SPF级和普通级Hartley豚鼠雌性之间比较,心、脾、肺、肾、肾上腺、子宫的脏器系数差异极显著（P〈0．01）。SPF级和普通级Hartley豚鼠雄性之间比较,心、肝、脾、肺、肾、肾上腺、胸腺、睾丸、附睾的脏器系数差异极显著（P〈0．01）。结论SPF级和普通级Hartley豚鼠比,除脑以外的脏器系数均有显著差异,且普通级豚鼠的脏器系数普遍高于SPF级豚鼠。