滑鼠蛇肝线粒体DNA的制备及性质测定

报导了用蛇肝脏制备线粒体DNA的简便方法。电镜分析结果表明,滑鼠蛇肝mt DNA为环状分子,周长5.23μm。限制性内切酶PstI,BamHI和EcoRI在滑鼠蛇肝mtDNA上分别有2、3和4个点切。根据各酶切片段的大小测得mt DNA的平均分子量为16.91kb或10.85×10~6 dalton。     

淡水鱼类线粒体DNA D-loop基因的引物设计和应用

 线粒体DNA测序已广泛应用于鉴定和区分种类以及解决系统进化关系问题。本文选取已测定的主要淡水鱼类的线粒体DNA D-loop基因序列进行同源性比较,寻找保守序列,利用简并性原则设计一对通用的简并引物。利用设计的引物对广东省珠江流域主要的淡水鱼类线粒体DNA D-loop控制区基因进行扩增,均能获得单一的目的DNA片断,特异性扩增产物大小为1 kb左右。经测序及与GenBank同源序列的比较,证实为包含线粒体控制区全序列的扩增产物。本研究所设计的引物和应用的方法可以快速地同时对多种鱼类进行大规模的遗传背景分析,鉴定某些难于鉴别的近缘物种,为我国鱼类的种类鉴定、地理种群鉴别及种质资源的评估提供重要的工具。     

The complete mitochondrial DNA sequence and the phylogenetic position of Achalinus meiguensis (Reptilia: Squamata)

The mitochondrial genome complete sequence of Achalinus meiguensis was reported for the first time in the present study. The complete mitochondrial genome of A. meiguensis is 17239 bp in length and contains 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA, 2 rRNA, and 2 non-coding regions (Control regions). On the basis of comparison with the other complete mitochondrial sequences reported, we explored the characteristic of structure and evolution. For example, duplication control regions independently occurred in the evolutionary history of reptiles; the pseudo-tRNA of snakes occurred in the Caenophidia; snake is shorter than other vertebrates in the length of tRNA because of the truncations of TψC arm (less than 5 bp) and “DHU“ arm. The phylogenic analysis by MP and BI analysis showed that the phylogenetic position of A. meiguensis was placed in Caenophidia as a sister group to other advanced snakes with the exclusion of Acrochordus granulatus which was rooted in the Caenophidia. Therefore we suggested that the subfamily Xenodermatinae, which contains A. meiguensis, should be raised to a family rank or higher rank. At the same time, based on the phylogenic statistic test, the tree of Bayesian was used for estimating the divergence time. The results showed that the divergence time between Henophidia and Caenophidia was 109.50 Mya; 106.18 Mya for divergence between Acrochordus granulatus and the other snakes of the Caenophidia; the divergence time of A. meiguensis was 103 Mya, and Viperidae diverged from the unilateral of Elapidae and Colubridae was 96.06 Mya.     

急性长时间运动对大鼠心肌线粒体功能的影响

探讨了急性长时间运动对大鼠心肌线粒体功能的影响.将8周龄大鼠雌性SD大鼠12只随机分成对照组(6只)和运动组(6只),运动组负重游泳299±29 min后立即处理取心肌线粒体测定线粒体RCR,线粒体抑制活性氧的能力以及[Ca2+]i.结果表明,一次性长时间运动后,大鼠心肌线粒体抑制活性氧(O2-.,OH)的能力下降(p<0.05),但线粒体呼吸功能完好(p>0.05),线粒体游离钙离子浓度没有发生变化(p>0.05).急性长时间运动产生的氧自由基还不足以攻击心肌线粒体.     

The complete mitochondrial DNA sequence and the phylogenetic position of Achalinus meiguensis (Reptilia: Squamata)

The mitochondrial genome complete sequence of Achalinus meiguensis was reported for the first time in the present study. The complete mitochondrial genome of A. meiguensis is 17239 bp in length and contains 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA, 2 rRNA, and 2 non-coding regions (Control regions). On the basis of comparison with the other complete mitochondrial sequences reported, we explored the characteristic of structure and evolution. For example, duplication control regions independently occurred in the evol...     

无义密码对线粒体密码进化的影响

遗传密码的起源与进化是理论生物学研究的一个基本问题.以线粒体密码为例,讨论密码进化关系构建的不同规则,分析密码进化中重要影响因素——无义密码子的再定义及其逆过程.终止信号与氨基酸间的距离是密码进化关系构建中的关键,在密码进化中无义密码子突变可以频繁进行,存在干涉现象,且进化倾向于无义密码子减少的方向.     

Molecular phylogeny of major lineages of the avian family Phasianidae inferred from complete mitochondrial genome sequences

Phasianidae is a large family of birds which contains most of the gallinaceous birds of the world. So far, the taxonomic status of many genera within Phasianidae has been controversial. The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of the white-eared pheasant (Crossoption crossoptilon) was determined in this study. Combining this with other previously published mitochondrial genome sequences, we reconstructed the phylogenetic relationships of Phasianidae and related species using maximum parsimony (MP), maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) methods. All analyses yielded a similar and well-supported topology, in which Crossoptilon grouped with Lophura. Perdix dauurica was sister taxon to the gallopheasants with high support, and Pucrasia was sister to this clade and separate from the other tragopans. Tetraophasis and Lophophorus grouped together, with Tragopan as the sister taxon. In addition, our results indicated that Meleagris clustered with Bonasa forming a monophyletic clade embedded in the pheasant‐partridge clade and the turkey–grouse lineage should be considered a part of the pheasant–partridge radiation.     

Calanoides natalis Brady, 1914 (Copepoda: Calanoida: Calanidae): identity and distribution in relation to coastal oceanography of the eastern Atlantic and western Indian Oceans

Until recently, Calanoides carinatus s.l. was assumed to be very widespread in the upwelling systems of the Atlantic, Indian and western Pacific Oceans. Molecular data, reported here, show that Calanoides from the eastern Atlantic and Arabian Sea are one species and distinct from C. carinatus s.s. The name Calanoides natalis Brady, 1914 is available for this species, which is fully re-described. The illustration by Brady of the male fifth leg and the currently reported genetic data lead us to conclude that C. natalis is distributed from the Bay of Biscay southwards along the eastern Atlantic, around the Cape of Good Hope, and northwards along the western boundary of the Indian Ocean as far as the Arabian Sea. A by-product of this study is the recognition that Calanoides macrocarinatus is a junior synonym of Calanoides brevicornis. Females of C. natalis are easy to distinguish morphologically from C. carinatus s.s. but are more similar to C. brevicornis, apart from size differences. From physical oceanographic evidence we conclude that the Indian Ocean is currently the upstream part of the distribution of C. natalis. Calanoides philippinensis is known to extend into the eastern Indian Ocean at tropical latitudes. It is not known if it is C. philippinensis that has been recorded along the western coast of Australia. An apparently undescribed species of Calanoides occurs on the eastern Australian coast.     

黑果枸杞提取物基于内质网应激和线粒体自噬调控HepG2细胞自噬

基于线粒体自噬和内质网应激,探究黑果枸杞提取物(L ycium ruthenicum Murray extraction,LRME)对HepG2细胞自噬的调控作用.采用流式细胞术检测HepG2细胞周期,通过qRT-PCR和Western blot测定内质网应激、线粒体自噬和自噬关键基因的表达水平.结果 表明:HepG2...