Aplysianin-A,an antibacterial and antineoplastic glycoprotein in the albumen gland of a sea hare,Aplysia kurodai

Summary Aplysianin-A, an antibacterial and antineoplastic factor in the albumen gland of the sea hareAplysia kurodai, was isolated. It had a molecular weight of approximately 320 kD and consisted of subunits with a molecular weight of 85 kD. It contained 9.8% neutral sugar. Aplysianin A showed 50% inhibition ofBacillus subtilis growth at a concentration of 4 g protein/ml and 50% lysis of murine MM46 tumor cells at 14 ng protein/ml. A partial identity of antigenic specificity of the purified specimen with an antineoplastic factor fromAplysia eggs was observed in immunodiffusion tests.Acknowledgment. We are indebted to the staff of Fisheries Research Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tokyo, Maisaka, for the collection of sea hares.     

褐藻寡糖对小鼠热应激及甲状腺的影响

为探讨褐藻寡糖对小鼠抗热应激能力和热应激小鼠甲状腺的影响,将小鼠随机分成四组,分别用生理盐水和不同剂量的褐藻寡糖(300mg·kg-1·d-1、600mg·kg-1·d-1、1200mg·kg-1·d-1)连续灌胃四周.之后各组分别在45±1℃条件下进行热应激实验,考察应激前后体重的变化、存活时间;待小鼠死亡后,分别取出甲状腺称重,计算其指数.常规石蜡切片,HE染色,观察甲状腺形态学改变.结果显示热应激小鼠体重下降,但差异不显著(P0.05).中等剂量褐藻寡糖组(600mg·kg-1·d-1)抗热应激能力较对照组高,差异显著(P0.05),甲状腺指数随褐藻寡糖浓度的升高而增加,且与抗热应激的存活时间存在显著相关.甲状腺的形态学也随之发生改变.结果表明,褐藻寡糖能够提高小鼠的抗热应激能力,中等剂量为最佳;甲状腺参与了热应激反应.     

纳米碳在甲状腺癌手术中对甲状旁腺辨认保护的临床研究

目的探讨纳米碳在甲状腺癌手术时对甲状旁腺的保护作用.方法将173例甲状腺乳头状癌患者随机分为实验组与对照组,实验组于甲状腺内注射纳米碳混悬液,10 min后待中央区黑染后再行清扫术,对照组按传统手术方式行甲状腺切除术.统计两组清扫组织中淋巴结数量、转移淋巴结数量及甲状旁腺数量.结果实验组与对照组在清扫淋巴结数目、清扫转移淋巴结数目及甲状旁腺误切数目上差异具有统计学意义.纳米碳使中央区淋巴结黑染,而甲状旁腺不黑染,且在黑染组织中均未发现甲状旁腺.结论纳米碳示踪效果确切,而且甲状旁腺不黑染,可达到既彻底清扫淋巴结同时又使甲状旁腺易于识别和保护的目的.     

Morphology of abdominal evaporatoria in larvae of some Lygaeoidea (Insecta: Hemiptera: Heteroptera): function and bearing on classification

The dorsal abdominal scent glands of nymphs in Lygaeoidea are diverse. Some related characters, such as number and distribution of dorsal abdominal scent gland openings (DSOs), and shapes of dark plates surrounding DSOs have been commonly used in taxonomic and/or phylogenetic studies of Lygaeoidea. However, comparative studies of the cuticular fine structures surrounding the DSOs in lygaeoid (and other Heteroptera) nymphs are few. We examined the cuticular fine structures surrounding DSOs of fifth‐instar nymphs of 25 species in seven families of Lygaeoidea with scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the structures surrounding DSOs, such as distribution pattern of cell network, type of network, type of non‐latticed area, pattern of channels for glandular secretion, are complicated and diverse at the family level, indicating that they are valuable in taxonomic and phylogenetic analyses.     

海带和裙带菜对鼠乳腺发育调控的研究

利用组织学技术研究海带（Laminaria japonica Aresch）和裙带菜(Undaria pinnatifida Harv.）在昆明系小鼠乳腺发育过程中的作用时发现，海带和裙带可明显提高鼠的受孕率，是对照组的2．5倍；刺激和加速乳腺上皮繁殖产生许多新的腺泡，这些腺泡的细胞在短时间内不断分裂，体积不断增大，细胞变为柱状或锥形，泡腔内储量有大量的乳汁。这种调节作用使乳腺快速进入授乳期。     

果蝇唾腺染色体观察实验教学的改革与探索

果蝇唾液腺染色体观察实验中,传统的方法因为种种原因效果较差。根据长期的教学实践,对该实验作了一些改革与探索。实践证明,改革后实验材料易获得,步骤简洁,所制装片清晰,取得较好的效果。     

The larval development of Argulus coregoni Thorell (Crustacea: Branchiura)

Summary

The larval development of Argulus coregoni from the first to the ninth stage was studied, with special reference to the morphological changes of the appendages and some other parts of the body.

A newly hatched larva is a copepodid-form measuring 0·6–0·7 mm long and approaches the shape of the adult after moulting into the second stage (0·7–0·9 mm). Throughout the larval stages, the first maxilla shows the most remarkable modification. The larvae of the first to the fifth stage are equipped with two strong, curved claws, which act as a clasping organ, at the terminal segment of the first maxilla. The basal segment expands considerably at the third stage (0·9–1·1 mm) prior to forming a sucker at the sixth stage (1·7–2·2 mm). The claws start to degenerate at the fifth stage (1·4–1·8 mm), but are still recognizable as a rudiment after the seventh stage (2·2–2·6 mm). The other distinct morphological changes that occurred are: (1) bifurcation of the anterior part of the dorsal ridges on the carapace, (2) development of the male accessory copulatory organ at the basal segments of the second to the fourth legs, (3) number of posteriorly directed minute spines on the ventral surface of the carapace, (4) number of elements in the supporting ribs of the suckers, (5) number of spines found at the first segment of the second maxilla, and (6) number of setae on the four pairs of thoracic legs.

The larval forms of A. coregoni younger than the fourth stage (1·1–1·4 mm) are indistinguishable from those of A. japonicus and A. foliaceus.     

红外光检查仪在乳腺病中的应用：附413例临床资料

本文介绍了红外光检查仪在乳腺病中的应用并就良性恶性乳腺包块图像鉴别与其它方法检查结果进行了对比分析。     

果蝇唾腺染色体四种染色方法的比较

分别用孚尔根染色法、卡宝品红染色法、孔雀绿染色法和苏木精染色法,对果蝇唾腺染色体进行染色,并对四种染色方法通过显微摄影进行对比,结果表明这四种染色方法各有优缺点,并不是每一种方法都普遍适用.从整个实验来看,卡宝品红染色法和孔雀绿染色法在这四种染色方法当中是较好的.在实验教学和科学观察中,实验者可以根据不同的目的选择不同的染色方法.     

针刺加火针疗法治疗乳腺增生病54例临床观察

目的观察乳腺增生病的治疗效果。方法对54例乳腺增生病患者施行针刺加火针疗法治疗,并做分析总结。结果所有患者均施行针刺加火针疗法治疗,经1~6个疗程的针刺治疗和火针疗法治疗,有效率92.6%。结论针刺加火针疗法治疗乳腺增生病是一种有效的方法。