永磁超环面电机模糊终端滑模的直接转矩控制

根据永磁超环面电机的结构特性和运行原理,推导了其结构参数和运动参数对电磁参数影响的表达式,建立了永磁超环面电机的数学模型并应用状态空间法进行了动态特性分析。针对该电机电磁转矩和输出转速的周期性波动,在转速环中通过模糊控制规则得到其结构参数与运动参数的增量以调节终端滑模控制器参数。为了提高永磁超环面电机的响应速度,应用直接转矩控制在转矩环和磁链环中设计了supertwisting滑模控制器,并结合空间矢量调制对永磁超环面电机进行控制。仿真实验表明:此控制策略有效地提高了永磁超环面电机的响应速度,减小了输出转速和电磁转矩的波动,得到了良好的控制效果。     

改进的SVPWM 异步电机矢量控制

针对油田三相异步电动机控制精度低、响应速度慢,及基本的SVPWM( Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation) 计算时间长且计算量大等问题,提出一种改进的SVPWM 的控制算法。通过旋转部分扇区的参考矢 量,计算扇区1 和扇区6 的作用时间,从而节省计算其他扇区的作用时间,简少了计算量。通过搭建异步电机 的矢量控制模型,针对抽油机上的负载特性进行仿真分析,结果验证了其转速跟踪性强,超调较小,磁链振荡 小,尤其对负载突变的应用场景具有一定的优越性。     

电动汽车用双层内置式永磁电机的设计与分析

永磁电机具有高效、高功率密度、高转矩密度等优点在车用驱动电机中得到广泛的关注。针对现有车用驱动电机的指标,分析车用永磁电机的工作原理,并设计一款100 kW双层内置式车用永磁驱动电机,利用有限元分析软件建立电机的二维有限元分析模型,分析电机的空载气隙磁密、反电势及齿槽转矩,初步验证了设计的合理性;在此基础上,计算电机的转矩电流特性、电机过载特性及转速-转矩特性,结果表明,所设计的电机的峰值转矩达1 100 N·m,电机的峰值转速可达9 000 r/min,弱磁扩速范围达到3倍以上,满足指标需求。     

无刷直流电机DSP逻辑控制程序的Petri网设计方法

提出一种无刷直流(BLDC)电机数字信号处理(DSP)逻辑控制程序的Petri网设计方法.首先,建立霍尔传感器和电机旋转方向的Petri网模型;其次,利用功率管(MOSFET)二二切换规则,设计功率管通断的变迁,获得电机的逻辑控制Petri网模型,并根据Petri网可达图算法,计算无刷直流电机动态系统的状态集合,并利用换相逻辑逐个验证;最后,借助Petri网变迁的激发规则,设计无刷直流电机DSP逻辑控制程序,并对文中方法进行实验验证.结果表明:文中方法能够保证控制程序的正确性和可靠性,可以有效地简化无刷直流电机DSP逻辑控制程序的调试过程.     

基于单神经元神经网络的无刷直流电机控制系统仿真

无刷直流电机是一种多变量、非线性、参数时变以及强耦合的复杂系统,利用传统比例积分微分(proportional integral differential,PID)算法控制无刷直流电机存在参数调整困难、自适应能力差、控制精度低以及抗干扰能力弱等问题.为实现无刷直流电机的高精度控制,在转速环中引入了基于单神经元神经网络PID控制算法,研究了无刷直流电机的数学模型及运行特性,提出了单神经元神经网络PID算法,最后比较分析了在电机双闭环控制系统中转速环采用不同控制算法下的转速阶跃函数响应,以及三相电流、反电动势和电磁转矩的运行状态.结果表明:单神经元神经网络PID算法控制下的无刷直流电机其转速的阶跃函数响应具有更快的上升时间、更小的超调量以及更加稳定的运行状态.     

感应电机无速度传感器模糊控制仿真研究

基于Takagi-Sugeno（T-S）模糊模型,提出了一种感应电机的模糊转速磁链观测器,并实现了一种新的感应电机无速度传感器模糊控制方法。该方法利用Lyapunov稳定性理论分析了观测器的稳定性,通过求解受线性矩阵不等式（LMI）约束的广义特征值问题来得到观测器的反馈矩阵。在Matlab软件平台上,利用SimPowerSystems Blocks（PSB）电气模块和Simulink通常模块搭建了基于模糊观测器的无速度传感器控制系统,仿真实验验证了该系统的正确性。仿真结果表明该方法在全速度范围各种工况下都能稳定工作,准确观测定子磁链和转速。

Abstract：

Based on Takagi-Sugeno （T-S） fuzzy model,a fuzzy speed and flux observer of induction motor （IM） was proposed and a novel speed sensorless fuzzy control for IM drives was developed based on fuzzy observer design. This method utilized Lyapunov stability theory to analyze the stability for the observer. The observer gains were obtained by solving a generalized eigenvalue problem （GEVP） under linear matrix inequality （LMI） constraints. The speed sensorless control system of IM drives on the basis of the fuzzy observer was built with PSB blocks and Simulink blocks in Matlab platform and verified by simulation results. The simulation results indicate that the proposed method could operate stably in whole range of speed with preferable observation precision of stator flux and rotor speed.     

基于自适应观测器和自抗扰控制的PMSM直接转矩控制

提出一种新的自适应观测器,用于永磁同步电机直接转矩控制系统的定子磁链和定子电阻估计。该观测器利用静止坐标系下的电压模型估计定子磁链,采用转子坐标系下的电流模型估计定子电流,把定子电流估计误差通过增益矩阵作为反馈信号。定子电阻自适应律根据李亚普诺夫稳定性理论推出,观测器的增益矩阵采用极点配置方法得到,观测器的收敛性根据李亚普诺夫稳定性分析来保证。此外,采用自抗扰控制技术设计了速度控制器,该控制器能对负载扰动进行估计和补偿。仿真结果证明了所提自适应观测器的有效性和自抗扰控制器的抗负载扰动能力。

Abstract：

A new adaptive observer was proposed to estimate the stator flux and stator resistance in the direct torque controlled permanent magnet synchronous motor （PMSM） drive. The stator flux was estimated by using the motor voltage model in the stationary frame, and the stator currents were estimated by using the motor current model in the rotor frame. The current estimation errors were then used as feedback signals through a gain matrix. Stator resistance adaptive law was developed based on Lyapunov stability theory. The observer gain matrix was obtained by using the pole placement method. The stability of the adaptive observer was guaranteed by the Lyapunov stability analysis. In addition, a speed controller was designed based on active disturbance rejection control （ADRC） technique to estimate and compensate the load disturbance. Simulation results have confirmed both the effectiveness of the adaptive observer and the anti-load-disturbance performance of the active disturbance rejection controller.     

融合频带能量特征和双向门控循环单元的运动想象意图识别

针对脑电信号分类正确率低的问题,结合频带能量、小波包变换和双向门控循环网络,提出了一种基于频带能量特征序列和深度学习算法的运动想象意图识别方法。首先,利用小波包变换对脑电信号进行分解、重构,获得运动想象相关频带信号;其次,对所得频带信号进行加窗,并滑动截取,通过计算所截每段信号能量,实现能量特征的时序化分解;最后利用双向门控循环网络对脑电信号进行识别并输出分类结果。实验结果表明:所提算法取得了92.1%的分类正确率,表明所提方法是切实可行的,能够有效改善分类识别率。     

Coupling mechanism of multi-force interactions in the myosin molecular motor

The dynamics of the myosin molecular motor as it binds to actin filaments during muscle contraction are still not clearly understood. In this paper, we focus on the coupling mechanism of multi-force interactions in the myosin molecule during its interaction with actin. These forces include the electrostatic force, the van der Waals force and the Casimir force in molecular dynamic simulations of the molecules in solvent with thermal fluctuations. Based on the Hamaker approach, van der Waals and Casimir potentials and forces are calculated between myosin and actin. We have developed a Monte Carlo method to simulate the dynamic activity of the molecular motor. We have shown that because of the retardation effect, the van der Waals force falls into the Casimir force when the distance between the surfaces is larger than 3 nm. When the distance is smaller than 3 nm, the electrostatic force and the van der Waals force increase until the myosin becomes attached to the actin. Over the distances studied in the present work, the electrostatic force dominates the attractive interactions. Our calculations are in good agreement with recently reported experimental results.     

汽车仪表指针识别方法研究

利用减影法和Hough变换对指针式汽车仪表指针的识别进行研究。PCI-6024E数据采集卡发出标准信号驱动汽车仪表,由CCD摄像机获取汽车仪表图像传输至计算机,应用中值滤波、二值化和细化对仪表图像进行预处理。然后根据减影法、Hough变换提取目标信息,确定仪表读数。实验结果表明,该方法简便、精度高。