Phase-selection and metastable phase formation in highly undercooled eutectic Ni78.6Si21.4 alloys

A large undercooling (250 K) was achieved in eutectic Ni_78.6Si_21.4 melt by the combination of molten-glass denucleation and cyclic superheating. The metastable phase formation process in the bulk undercooled eutectic Ni_78.6Si_21.4 melts was investigated. With the increase of undercooling, different metastable phases form in eutectic Ni_78.6Si_21.4 melts and part of these metastable phases can be kept at room temperature through slow post-solidification. Under large undercooling, the metastable phases β₂-Ni₃Si, Ni₃₁Si₁₂ and Ni₃Si₂ were identified. Especially, the Ni₃Si₂ phase was obtained in eutectic Ni_78.6Si_21.4 alloy for the first time. Based on the principle of free energy minimum and transient nucleation theory, the solidification behavior of melts was analyzed with regard to the metastable phase formation when the melts were in highly undercooled state.     

侧链含偶氮的聚噻吩甲烯的合成及其三阶非线性研究

为了提高聚噻吩甲烯的非线性光学性能,通过4-醛基-4'-二甲胺基偶氮苯和噻吩的缩聚反应,合成了聚噻吩对二甲氨基偶氮苯甲烷(PTDMAAB),再用PTDMAAB与四氯苯醌发生脱氢反应合成了侧链含偶氮的聚噻吩甲烯(PTDMAABQ).用红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱、紫外-可见吸收光谱对PTDMAABQ进行了结构表征.与PTDMAAB相比,PTDMAABQ的红外谱图在波数为1650cm-1附近出现肩峰,紫外-可见吸收光谱上π→π 吸收峰红移35nm,都说明了醌化反应的发生和共轭结构的形成.X衍射表明,PTDMAABQ主要呈非晶态,但存在有微小晶区;热重分析显示,PTDMAABQ的热分解温度在275℃以上;用Z scan系统研究表明,PT DMAABQ薄膜具有大的非线性折射率和三阶非线性系数,分别为4 926×10-6和3 644×10-9esu.     

化学沉淀法脱除焦化废水中的氨氮

研究了pH值、温度、化学试剂Na2HPO4·12H2O和MgCl2·6H2O的加入量等对焦化废水中氨氮脱除效果的影响。实验结果表明,当焦化废水中添加的Na2HPO4·12H2O和MgCl2·6H2O使NH4+∶Mg2+∶PO3-4的比率为1∶1∶1时,在pH=8～10的条件下,无论是均合池的生化进水还是混沉池的生化外排水,都可以将其氨氮含量脱除至10mg/L以下。     

沸腾回流均相沉淀法合成超细粉体TiO2

采用沸腾回流均相沉淀法，以不同浓度的TiCl4和尿素为原料，制备出超细粉体TiO2，并利用STM及XRD对其进行表征．结果显示TiO2颗粒呈球状，一次粒径为29-34nm，TiCl4浓度较大时TiO2以金红石型为主，TiCl4浓度较小时TiO2为锐钛型、金红石型的混晶．     

万能打印机程度的分析与设计

通过分析应用程序开发过程中大量报表打印输出存在的问题,提出了用一个数据报表对象来完成所有报表打印输出的万能打印程度设计的思想。其核心技术是通过后台数据库支持表来完成对打印界面及其属性的设置,通过通用界面的设计、后台支持表的设计、通用程序的设计等三步具体实现。     

CSP热轧低碳钢板轧制过程中析出行为分析

采用H-800透射电镜研究CSP热轧低碳钢轧制过程中析出物形貌、尺寸、及分布等，结果表明：累积变形量较小，变形温度较高时，第二相粒子主要在晶界或相界上形成，数量较少且比较粗大，尺寸多在150nm以上；随着轧制过程的进行，累积变形量的增大和轧制温度的降低，第二相粒子主要在晶内析出，细小、弥散且数量较多，尺寸大多数在20～100nm之间，析出物主要为Al2O3、MnS、Cu7S4和Fe3C。     

纳米粉Ba1-xSrxTiO3的合成

根据液相反应胶粒析出机理及实验原理，制备了Ba1-xSrxTiO3的前驱体(Ti(OH)4、SrCO3,BaCO3),然后经过焙烧，在较低温度(450℃)时是碳酸钡锶和二氧化钛分子状态的混合纳米晶，继续焙烧(900℃)成为发育完整的Ba1-xSrxTiO3纳米粉体，经TEM和XRD表征，平均粒径为100m，粒径分布较窄，分散性良好，XRD表明此纳米粉体为钛酸钡锶Ba1-xSrxTiO3。     

Atomic-scale computer simulation for early precipitation process of Ni75Al10V15 alloy

The kinetic model for a ternary system is introduced based on the microscopic diffusion form of the phase-field equations for a binary alloy. The equation is solved in the reciprocal space. This model is used to investigate the early precipitation process of Ni75-Al10V15 by simulating the atomic pictures of the two ordered phases and calculating the order parameters of γ′(Ni3Al) phase. Simulation results show that the γ′ ordered phases precipitate from the disordered matrix by a non-classical nucleation mechanism, and the nonstoichiometric γ′ ordered phase appears first and then transforms into the stoichiometric one. Clusters of V atoms appear at the γ′ phase boundaries followed by the formation of the nonstoichiometric θ ordered phase. The farther the location from γ′ phase boundary is, the lower the order degree of θ phase is. There exist two kinds of DO22 ordered domains: a horizontal one and a vertical one, related to their adjacent γ′ phase boundaries. The model could describe the atomic ordering and composition clustering simultaneously, and any a priori assumption about the new phase structure and precipitation mechanism etc. is unnecessary.     

Computer simulation for the precipitation process of Ni75Al7.5V17.5 alloy

The precipitation mechanism of Ni75Al7.5V17.5 alloy above the L12 instability line, between the L12 and D022 instability lines and below the D022 instability line are studied using microscopic phase-field kinetic equation. This paper is aimed at investigating the effect of temperature on precipitation mechanism and morphological evolution of the alloy. Our simulations demonstrate that the precipitation is a mixed mechanism of non-classical nucleation growth and spinodal decomposition above the L12 instability line. It needs certain thermal fluctuations for nucleation and the number of θ phases is small at this temperature. The precipitation mechanism of γ'phase is congruent ordering followed by spinodal decomposition, and θ phase is a mixed mechanism of non-classical nucleation growth and spinodal decomposition between the L12 and D022 instability lines. The mechanism below the D022 instability line is similar to that between the L12 and D022 instability lines. With the decrease of the temperature, ordering and phase separation becomes fast, the dimension of γ'phase becomes small, the shape transforms from equiaxed to block, the dimension of θ phase becomes large and the shape transforms from strip to circle.     

PA6/SiO2纳米复合材料的动态力学性能研究

在相同的聚合条件下,用三种不同方法制备了PA6/SiO2 纳米复合材料及纯PA6,并对其动态力学行为进行了研究和比较.实验结果表明:加入纳米二氧化硅后,复合材料γ、β松弛峰峰值往高温方向移动.用改进方法制备的PA6/SiO2纳米复合材料的动态储能模量明显高于纯PA6及其它方法制备的复合材料,这对纳米复合材料制备方法的设计有一定的参考价值.