Comparison of summer thermohaline field and circulation structure of the Bohai Sea between 1958 and 2000

TheBohaiSea(37°07′—41°N,117°35′—121°10′E)isashallowsemi-enclosedsea.SincetheBohaiSeaistheonlyinnerseaofChinaandalsoanimportantstra-tegicsea,itisoneofthemostinvestigatedseasinChina.Alargenumberofstudiesonthetideandthetidalcurrentaswellasnumericalsimulationofcirculationhavebeencarriedout,enhancingourunderstandingoftheBohaiSea.Long-termvariationsoftheseasurfacesalinity(SSS)andseasurfacetemperature(SST)oftheBohaiSeawereanalyzed.Linetal.[1]foundthatthepositivetrendsoftheannualmeanS…     

Receptive field plasticity of neurons in rat auditory cortex

Using conventional electrophysiological technique, we investigated the plasticity of the frequency receptive fields (RF) of auditory cortex (AC) neurons in rats. In the AC, when the frequency difference between conditioning stimulus frequency (CSF) and the best frequency (BF) was in the range of 1--4 kHz, the frequency RF of AC neurons shifted. The smaller the differences between CSF and BF, the higher the probability of the RF shift and the greater the degree of the RF shift. To some extent, the plasticity of RF was dependent on the duration of the session of conditioning stimulus (CS). When the frequency difference between CSF and BF was bigger, the duration of the CS session needed to induce the plasticity was longer. The recovery time course of the frequency RF showed opposite changes after CS cessation.The RF shift could be induced by the frequency that was either higher or lower than the control BF, demonstrating no clear directional preference. The frequency RF of some neurons showed bidirectional shift, and the RF of other neurons showed single directional shift. The results suggest that the frequency RF plasticity of AC neurons could be considered asan ideal model for studying plasticity mechanism. The present study also provides important evidence for further study of learning and memory in auditory system.     

“Becoming Different”: Accessing University From a Low Socioeconomic Community—Barriers and Motivators

Access to tertiary education by individuals from low socio-economic backgrounds has been extremely low historically, despite policies to address this inequity. Twenty eight people from a low socio-economic community with almost the lowest rates of access to university in Australia were interviewed to identify the barriers they had encountered and the factors that had enabled them to access and complete a university qualification. Barriers reported occur both within the community, and external to, or on the boundary of the community. Internal barriers included lack of information about the existence of university or its value for individuals, cultural beliefs about acceptable aspirations, a lack of role models within the community, and a lack of the opportunity to compare the impact of a university education on lifestyle, opportunities and options. Motivators identified are categorised as nature of work; interest, role models/comparisons competition/proving, and encouragement.     

Activation of proteinkinase ERK mediates induction of macrophage MMP-12 by OxLDL

The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL) on the expression of maerophage matrix metalloproteinase-12 (MMP-12), and the possible mechanisms. Activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) was detected by Western blot analysis.Enzymatic activity of MMP-12 was determined by β-casein zymography. RT-PCR analysis was used to measure the mRNA expression level of MMP-12. OxLDL-stimulated macrophages produced increased casein-degrading activities and oxLDL also significantly increased the mRNA level of MMP-12 in a dose-dependent manner.OxLDL stimulated the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in macrophages. The use of the specific inhibitor indicated that the ERK1/2 signaling pathway was required for the induction of MMP-12.These data demonstrated that oxLDL induced MMP-12 expression in macrophages through an ERK1/2-dependent pathway.     

超宽带电磁散射的时间步进法

采用时间步进法对飞机的基本构成部件(球、圆柱、薄板)的超宽带电磁散射问题进行了研究。导出了磁场积分方程数值计算公式,所得时域散射远场与实测或其它方法计算结果相比,吻合较好。本方法与时域有限差分法(FDTD)相比,无须设置吸收边界条件,适于成像数据的提取,运算简便。与频域方法相比,它可解决超宽带电磁散射预测问题。     

航空发动机主轴-轴承系统温度场分析

在对航空发动机主轴-轴承系统热力学分析基础上,对主轴-轴承系统的发热、传导、对流、辐射等进行了分析,利用热路网络热流量平衡原理,建立了相应的热平衡方程组,并用数值分析方法对系统温度场进行了数值求解。实例计算和试验测试结果对比分析表明：所选节点温度的计算值和实测值之间相差不足1．2％,反映出本文建立的航空发动机主轴-轴承系统温度场计算数学模型具有很高的精确度,完全适用于一般的主轴-轴承系统温度场理论计算与分析。     

Crosstalk model and estimation formula for VLSI interconnect wires

We develop an interconnect crosstalk estimation model on the assumption of linearity for CMOS device. First, we analyze the terminal response of RC model on the worst condition from the S field to the time domain. The exact 3 order coefficients in S field are obtained due to the interconnect tree model. Based on this, a crosstalk peak estimation formula is presented. Unlike other crosstalk equations in the literature, this formula is only used coupled capacitance and grand capacitance as parameter. Experimental results show that, compared with the SPICE results, the estimation formulae are simple and accurate. So the model is expected to be used in such fields as layout-driven logic and high level synthesis, performance-driven floorplanning and interconnect planning.     

小桥涵预制板改现浇的施工方法

文章从荷载横向分布机理,阐述如何将预制板梁改成现浇板梁,并提出了“预制工现浇”法。     

从分子电流观点推导"点磁荷"生磁公式

按照载流细长螺线管和细长磁铁表面分子电流具有相同的生磁作用,推导出“点磁荷“生磁的公式,并同时揭示了磁极上“磁荷“产生的磁场,实质上是细长磁铁表面分子电流的合磁场.     

一种新型介质透镜的优化设计方法

利用几何光学法设计优化了一种新型的用于紧缩场测试的介质透镜。以发射点到接收点的光程差为目标函数 ,对透镜的照亮面轮廓进行优化 ,得出其函数表达式 ,使得在± 2 0°扫描角范围内 ,被测系统接收到的为近似的平面波。最后将有透镜校正与没加透镜的情况进行计算比较 ,可以看出校正效果明显。